Principles of Immunology Infectious Process 4/13/06

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Principles of ImmunologyInfectious
Process4/13/06

• If we had no winter, the spring would not be so
  pleasant if we did not sometimes taste of
  adversity, prosperity would not be so welcome
• Anne Bradstreet

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Word/Terms List

• Antigenemia
• Antigenic drift
• Antigenic shift
• Disease
• Infection
• Intoxication
• Normal flora
• Toxoid

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Infectious Process

• Infectious Disease Triangle
• Microbe/Agent
• Host
• Environmental conditions

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Categories of Microbes/Agents

• Viruses
• Bacteria
• Fungi
• Parasites
• Prions

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Pathogenicity

• Virulence factors
• Infectious Dose
• Route of infection
• Mode of transmission
• Microbe stability

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Host Defenses

• Innate
• Adaptive

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Things to remember

• Host range
• Infectious process as direct or indirect cause of
  disease
• Infection vs. disease

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Pathogenicity

• Virulence factors
• Infectious Dose
• Route of infection
• Mode of transmission
• Microbe stability

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Viral diseases

• Obligate intracellular parasites
• Enveloped vs. non enveloped
• Latency
• Host range
• Tissue/cell specificity
• Antigenic changes

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Immunity to Viral diseases

• Interferon
• NK cells
• Neutralizing Ab
• Secretory IgA
• C fixation
• Cell mediated immunity

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Bacterial diseases

• Extracellular vs. intracellular
• Toxins
• Cell associated
• Extracellular
• Enzymes
• Capsules
• Fimbriae/pili

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Immunity to Bacterial Diseases

• Antibodies
• Opsonization
• Phagocytes
• Cell-mediated immunity

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Fungal diseases

• Opportunism
• Capsules
• Spores

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Immunity to Fungal diseases

• Innate
• Normal flora
• Antibodies
• Cell mediated immunity

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Parasitic diseases

• Large complex agents
• Range of diseases
• Environmental factors
• Immunity is complex