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Wound Care

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Incisions. Puncture wounds. Can easily occur during activity and can be fatal ... Deep lacerations, incisions, and occasionally punctures will require some form ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Wound Care


1
Wound Care
  • Chapter 8
  • Pages 219-224

2
Caring for Skin Wounds
  • Skin wounds are extremely common in sports
  • Soft pliable nature of skin makes it susceptible
    to injury
  • Numerous mechanical forces can result in trauma
  • Friction, scrapping, pressure, tearing, cutting
    and penetration

3
Types of wounds
  • Abrasions
  • Skin scraped against rough surface
  • Top layer of skin wears away exposing numerous
    capillaries
  • Often involves exposure to dirt and foreign
    materials increased risk for infection

4
Abrasions
5
Types of wounds
  • Laceration
  • Sharp or pointed object tears tissues results
    in wound with jagged edges
  • May also result in tissue avulsion

6
Laceration
7
Laceration
8
Laceration
9
Types of wounds
  • Incision
  • Wounds with smooth edges

10
Incisions
11
Types of wounds
  • Puncture wounds
  • Can easily occur during activity and can be fatal
  • Penetration of tissue can result in introduction
    of tetanus bacillus to bloodstream
  • All severe lacerations and puncture wounds should
    be referred to a physician

12
Puncture Wounds
13
Types of wounds
  • Avulsion wounds
  • Skin is torn from body major bleeding
  • Place avulsed tissue in moist gauze (saline),
    plastic bag and immerse in cold water
  • Take to hospital for reattachment

14
Avulsion
15
Immediate Care
  • Should be cared for immediately
  • All wounds should be treated as though they have
    been contaminated with microorganisms
  • To minimize infection, clean wound with copious
    amounts of soap, water, and sterile solution
  • Avoid hydrogen peroxide and bacterial solutions
    initially

16
Immediate Care
  • Dressing
  • Sterile dressing should be applied to keep wound
    clean
  • Occlusive dressings are extremely effective in
    minimizing scarring
  • Antibacterial ointments are effective in limiting
    bacterial growth and preventing wound from
    sticking to dressing
  • Utilization of hydrogen peroxide can occur
    several times daily before reapplication of
    ointment

17
Immediate Care
  • Sutures may be necessary
  • Deep lacerations, incisions, and occasionally
    punctures will require some form of manual
    closure
  • Decision should be made by a physician
  • Sutures should be used within 12 hours
  • Area of injury and limitations of blood supply
    for healing will determine materials used for
    closure
  • Physician may decide wound does not require
    sutures and utilize steri-strips or butterfly
    bandages

18
Use of Sutures
19
Signs of Wound Infection
  • Same as those for inflammation
  • Pain
  • Heat
  • Redness
  • Swelling
  • Disordered function
  • Pus may form due to accumulation of WBCs
  • Fever may develop as immune system fights
    bacterial infection

20
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21
Tetanus
  • Bacterial infection that may cause fever and
    convulsions and possibly tonic skeletal muscle
    spasm for non-immunized athletes
  • Tetanus bacillus enters wound as spore and acts
    on motor end plate of CNS
  • Following childhood vaccination, boosters should
    be supplied once ever 10 years
  • If not immunized, athlete should receive tetanus
    immune globulin (Heper-Tet) immediately following
    skin wound

22
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