The Scope of Biology

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Chapter 1

• The Scope of Biology

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Concept 1.1

• Biology explores life from the global to the
  microscopic scale.
• Key Terms
• Biosphere
• Ecosystem
• Organism
• Cell
• DNA
• Gene

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The Biosphere

• Signs of life at the Global Scale
• Consists of all the parts of the Earth that are
  inhabited by living things

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Ecosystems

• Community of living things in an area, along with
  the nonliving features of the environment that
  support the living community
• Woodland Ecosytem

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Organisms

• Individual living things
• Large
• Small
• Microscopic

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Cells

• Life's basic units of structure and function
• All organisms are made of one or more cells

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DNA Genes

• DNA is the chemical responsible for inheritance,
  and is found in the nucleus of every cell
• Spread in bits and pieces along the DNA molecule
  are genes which code for specific proteins

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Concept 1.2

• Biology explores life in its diverse forms
• Key Terms
• Species
• Domain
• Unicellular
• Prokaryotic cell
• Eukaryotic cell
• Multicellular

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Lifes Diversity of Species

• Biodiversity the variety of life on Earth
• What does it mean to have biodiversity?

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Classifying Life The Basic Idea

• As humans we tend to group items in categories
• Classification as a postal address

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The Three Domains of Life

• Archaea prokaryotic, unicellular
• Bacteria prokaryotic, unicellular
• Eukarya eukaryotic, multicellular

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Concept 1.3

• Ten themes unify the study of life
• Key Terms
• System
• Photosynthesis
• Producer
• Consumer
• Homeostasis
• Adaptation
• Population
• Natural Selection
• Evolution

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1 Biological Systems

• The whole is greater than
  its parts
• A system has properties based
  on the arrangement and
  interactions of
  its parts
• Interactions with organisms and the non-living
  parts of the environment put the system in
  ecosystem

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2 The Cellular Basis of Life

• All organisms are made of cells
• These cells are then organized into more complex
  structures

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3 Form and Function

• Which is the better tool hammer or screwdriver?
• The best form depends on its function
• Would a flipper help a bird fly?
• Would a fish be able to swim with feathers?

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Beak Design

• Scooping fish from water
• Eating large prey
• Eating nectar from a flower
• Eating seeds
• Eating insects from dead trees
• Probing mud for invertebrates
• Catching insects in flight

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4 Reproduction and Inheritance

• Organisms have to be able to reproduce
• Using genetic information (DNA) from parents you
  can see how it is passed along from generation to
  generation

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5 Interaction with the Environment

• No organism is isolated from its surroundings
• Photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide, water, and
  sunlight to produce oxygen and energy
• Stepping out into the sunlight causes you to
  squint
• Venus flytrap designed to detect touch which
  causes them to close

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6 Energy and Life

• Moving, growing, reproducing and other life
  activities require energy
• You can trace energy (light, chemical, and heat)
  in different ecosystems
• Producers (Autotrophs) vs. Consumers
  (Heterotrophs)

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7 - Regulation

• Organisms have to regulate the internal
  conditions
• The ability of birds and mammals to regulate body
  temperature is an example of homeostasis (steady
  state)
• Mechanisms of homeostasis enable organisms to
  regulate their internal environment, despite
  changes to their external environment

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8 Adaptation and Evolution

• Adaptations are inherited traits that help the
  organism survive and reproduce in a specific
  environment
• Evolution means change over time specifically
  a generation to generation change that occurs
  over a long period of time

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9 Biology and Society

• The more we learn about biology the more it
  impacts daily life
• Medicine
• Environmental Issues

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10 Scientific Inquiry

• Involves asking questions about nature and then
  using observations or experiments to find
  possible answers to those questions