Objectives of Pnc Euro

1
Objectives of Pnc Euro

• Tuija Leino
• Department of Vaccines
• KTL

2
Situation presently

• Pnc disease burden
• known to be important both in developing and
• industrial world
• people at risk young, old, immune compromised
• but can well cause disease in any of us
• several disease entities invasive, mucosal
• around 90 serotypes population immunity
  limited
• antibiotic resistance

3
(cont)...

• Polysaccharide vaccines
• used on varying amounts in industrial world
• gt 65y, Hiv?, asplenic...
• boosters?
• effective in preventing invasive diseases

• Conjugate vaccines
• 7-11 valents
• first ones on market
• in US recommended to all healthy children
• effective against invasive disease, otitis (?)
• trials ongoing efficacy on pneumonia

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Why should we bother?

• Limited no of serotypes in vaccine
  serotype replacement, changes is prevalence
  carried, transmitted (ab resistance)
• Replacement among disease causing serotypes
• AOM
• Invasive diseases?

5
(Cont.)

• Herd immunity? Transmission patterns?
• Serological correlate for protection?
• Difficulties in diagnosing pneumococcal diseases
• surveillance very challenging
• New conjugated vaccine expensive,
  difficulties in getting accepted into vaccination
  programmes

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Specific scientific and technological
objectives

• To identify factors affecting the observed rates
  of invasive Pnc disease
• To estimate theactual incidence of invasive Pnc
  disease

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2)

• To develop novel methodologies to measure and
  interpret natural immunity
• To apply these methods to sera from a variety of
  pre-vaccination populations

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3)

• To determine the incidence and prevalence of Pnc
  upper respiratory carriage (URT)
• different serotypes
• antibiotic resistant strains
• transmission

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4)

• To develop mathematical models
• of transmission of Pnc carriage
• of incidence of invasive Pnc disease
• to evaluate alternative vaccination programmes in
  the participating countries

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5)

• To calculate the economic burden of invasive Pnc
  disease
• To determine the cost-effectiveness of different
  vaccination strategies

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The general objective (3 parts)

• to establish the epidemiology of Streptococcus
  pneumoniae (Pnc, pneumococcus) in a variety of
  European countries prior to the large scale
  introduction of new conjugate vaccines

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• To produce comparative assessments of alternative
  vaccination strategies with the Pnc conjugate
  vaccines
• To use this information to design cost-effective
  vaccination programmes against Pnc infection