The Roles of NATO and the Warsaw Pact in the Cold War

1
The Roles of NATO and the Warsaw Pact in the Cold
War

• Paige, Erica, Ali
• US 01
• March 2006

2
Thesis

• While NATO and the Warsaw Pact were created for
  the same reasons, NATO won the Cold War because
  it showed that it was a supreme alliance to the
  economically unstable Warsaw Pact.

3
NATO

• After Berlin blockade increased fear of Soviets
• Central command of defensive military alliance
• Purpose Members would protect each other if
  Soviets attacked
• 12 members US, Canada, France, England, the
  Netherlands, Luxembourg, Norway, Belgium, Italy,
  Denmark, Iceland, Portugal
• Greece and Turkey in 1952, and new republic West
  Germany in 1955

4
Warsaw Pact

• Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation, Mutual
  Assistance
• Reaction to West Germany joining NATO
• Members Soviet Union, Albania, Bulgaria,
  Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland,
  Romania
• Purpose Unified military to protect Soviet
  empire and other states
• Soviet Union had overall power in Warsaw Pact

5
NATO and Warsaw Pacts Use of Weapons

• NATO and the Warsaw Pact were both equip with
  nuclear weapons
• The Soviet Union would not use the Nuclear
  Weapons unless the United States used them
• United States nor NATO made such claim
• United States conventional arms werent as strong
  as the Soviet Union and were dependent on nuclear
  weapons
• Soviet Union and the United States also developed
  a new plan of nuclear and non nuclear weapons
• Many new small tactical nuclear warheads for
  artillery, short-range missiles, tactical bombers
  and cruise missiles were deployed on both sides
  of the border between the two blocs

6
NATO Won the Cold War

• Six Day War (1967)
• With NATO supplied weapons, Israel beats Egypts
  Soviet supplied weapons
• Yom Kippur War (1973)
• Israels NATO supplied weapons beat Egypts
  Soviet supplied weapons again
• NATO shows Warsaw Pact that in war without
  nuclear weapons, they will win

7
Warsaw Pact Lost the Cold War

• Economic problems
• Lack money for superior weapons needed to win
• Too much money spent on weapons and military
  already
• Soviet control of pact failing
• Non-soviets werent trusted with Soviet weapons
• 1985Non-soviets demand more power
• Communism ending in some states

8
NATO and Warsaw Pact Treaty Ends Cold War

• By signing historic arms treaty, the 22 NATO and
  Warsaw Pact leaders greatly reduced non-nuclear
  arsenals in Europe
• 16 NATO members and 6 Warsaw Pact nations joined
  12 neutral nations to decide course in which
  undivided Europe was going
• To finally sustain peace 34 participants in the
  CSCE ( the U.S., Canada and all European
  countries except Albania) meet and discuss summit
  conferences

9
Peace in Bosnia NATO survives

• Bosnia reason NATO survived after Cold War
• Communism ending in Yugoslavia left mess
• Serbs killed Muslims and Croats because of
  religion
• NATO helped sign peace treaty to keep countries
  peaceful

10
Death of Warsaw Pact

• 1985 Non-Soviets demand more equality
• Communism ends in East Germany, Czechoslovakia,
  Bulgaria, and Romania
• East and West Germany unite
• 1990 Pact becomes democratic group of
  independent states
• Hungary and Poland cut membership
• July 1991 remaining states end pact

11
Bibliography

• Journal Cavendish, Richard. "The Warsaw Pact is
  Signed." History Today 55.5 (Spring     2005)
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