Underbalance Drilling

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Underbalance Drilling

• Rotating Heads
• Rotating BOPs

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Rotating HeadsRotating BOPs

• Used to divert the return flow stream down the
  blooey line, flow line or to the choke manifold.

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Rotating Drilling Heads

• Two types of systems hydraulic active (RBOP) and
  mechanical sealing (RH)
• Both are used successfully in air and
  underbalanced wells

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Rotating HeadMechanical Sealing Type
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Rotating Head Mechanical Sealing Mechanism
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Rotating BOPHydraulic ActiveRBOPTM Kelly Packer
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Closing Unit
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Manufacturers

• Williams
• Smith Grant
• Shaffer RSBOP (Varco)
• Northland Inter-Tech
• RBOP
• TESCO1
• Alpine - Technicorp
• Lynn International
• Others

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Mechanical Seal Rotating Heads

• Pressure Ranges
• Low 300psi
• Medium 700psi
• High 1500psi
• Very High 3000psi
• Static pressure ranges are twice as high

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Mechanical Sealing Rotating Heads

• Kelly Bushing
• Drive Bushing
• Swing Bolt Clamp
• Stripper Rubber

Grant - Smith
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Conventional Rotating HeadWilliams Model 9000
Kelly Driver
500 psi rotating
Bearing Assembly
1000 psi static
Up to 200 rpm
Stripper Rubber
Geothermal model - two stripper rubbers
Bowl
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Negative Impact to Stripper Rubber Elements

• The purpose of the stripper rubber is to provide
  a seal around the kelly as it rotates and to seal
  around the drill pipe while tripping in or out of
  the hole.

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Stripper Rubber Composition

• Natural- Air, Mist, Foam, Gas
• Polyurethane- Oil Based below 140 F
• Nitrile - Oil Based above 140 F
• Butyl - Geothermal and H2S

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Negative Impact to Stripper Rubber Elements

• Kelly condition is critical.
• Surface condition- check wear pattern on corners
• Bent Kellys

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Alignment

• Rig to Stack Alignment is critical
• Check Daily
• Suspect to excessive element usage

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Other Negative Impacts

• Drill pipe identification grooves
• Pitting and abrasion on drill pipe
• Tong and slip die damage
• Some hardbanding
• Mills and bits

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Other Negative Impacts

• Extreme cold
• Extreme heat
• Age
• Sun light

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Low Pressure Rotating Head
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Medium Pressure RDH

• Pressure to 700 psi
• Single or Dual Element
• Lower Mounting Spools from 7 1/16 2000 psi to 13
  5/8- 5000 psi.
• Outlet Flanges are 7 1/16-2000/3000 psi

Grant - Smith
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High Pressure MODEL 7000
For use on rigs with top drives or Kellys
CALL FOR SIZES AVAILABLE
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MODEL 7000 COMPONENTS
U.S. Patent No.5,662,181 Rotating Blowout
Preventer
REMOTE MODULAR POWER UNIT
REMOTE MONITORING CONTROL CONSOLE
MODEL 7000 ROTATING CONTROL HEAD
MODEL 7000 EXPLODED CUT-AWAY VIEW
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Rotating Head Schematics
Single Element
Dual Element
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Main Components

• Hydraulic Oiler Lubricator/ And cooling System
• Heavy Duty Rotating Drilling Head

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Bearing Assembly

• Contains large heavy duty tapered roller bearings
• Bearing Chamber sealed with low pressure seals
  against atmospheric pressure
• Separate high pressure seal assembly to contain
  wellbore pressure

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Drive Assembly andStripper Rubber

• Elastomers available for oil, gas or geothermal
  drilling
• Available in single or dual element systems
• Combination one piece drive assembly and stripper
  rubber

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KELLY DRIVERS
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MODEL 8000/9000 STRIPPER RUBBERS

• Standard
• Heavy duty
• Oil resistant

Stripper rubber usage is determined by the
operating pressures, Kelly and drill pipe
conditions and stack alignment.
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MODEL 9200 GEOTHERMAL STRIPPER RUBBERS

• Drill collar (1)
• Drill pipe (2)

Stripper rubber usage is determined by the
operating pressures, Kelly and drill pipe
conditions and stack alignment.
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7000 SERIES STRIPPER RUBBERS
Stripper rubber usage is determined by the
operating pressures, Kelly and drill pipe
conditions and stack alignment.
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CASING STRIPPER RUBBERS
Available for all models
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LOGGING ADAPTER
Available for all models
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SPACER SPOOLS
Available in all sizes Specify flange series and
height when ordering
TO ONLY BE USED ABOVE ANNULAR BOP
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FLOWLINE FLANGES
Used to connect flowline to Rotating Head 7
1/16" - 3000 - w / swages from 6" - 12" 11" -
3000 - w / swages from 6" - 12"
Available for all models
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PIPE WIPER HOLDER
Available for all models
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OILER - LUBRICATOR
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DRILLING NIPPLE
Available for all models
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SNUBBING ADAPTER
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BLANKED FLANGES
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TEST PLUG
Available for all models
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RBOP - Oil Tools International

• Developed by SealTech, Oryx Energy, Clayton
  Williams and Exxon
• Designed for use in High GOR wells, Wells With
  H2S and High Pressure Wells.

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Wellhead Pressure Control

• Active pressure unit
• Multiple pressure settings
• Simple quick packer change
• 2000 psi static pressure
• 11 ID capabilities

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RBOP Schematic
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Wellhead Pressure Control
Quick-Change Packer Assembly
Kelly Drive Assembly
Inner Packer
Outer Packer
Bearing
Hydraulic Fluid Inlet
Surge Bottle
Seal
Outlet Flange
Bottom Flange
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Wellhead Pressure Control

• Simple quick packer change
• Redundant element sealing
• 11 ID capabilities

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• Multiple pressure
• settings
• Rig floor operation

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RBOP Closing Unit
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Shaffer Rotating Blow-Out Preventer

• 2,500 psi rotating - 5,000 psi static

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Shaffer PCWD
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Passing a Tool Joint
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Techcorp 3000
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Inner Replaceable Element
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TESCO DOUBLE ANNULAR

• Not a rotating preventer
• Uses two small modified Shafer packers
• Used like a rotating preventor

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Rotating Heads and Rotating Blow Our
PreventersSUMMARY
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Rotating Drilling HeadsLow - High Pressure
Systems

• Mechanical Interface
• Systems
• Not API certified as a blowout preventer
• Stretch-interface seal maintained, assisted with
  wellbore pressure
• Wellsite replaceable bearing assembly

• Hydraulic Activated Systems
• Not API certified as a blowout preventer
• Sealability is electronically hydraulically
  actuated as a function of wellbore pressure
• Shop serviced bearing assembly

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Hydraulic Lubricator Systems

• Hydraulic Active
• System
• Seal is hydraulically actuated as a function of
  wellbore pressure and lubricates the bearing
• Usually a common oil reservoir cools bearing

• Mechanical Interface System
• Seal is activated by well pressure
• Circulating system for high pressure used to
  lubricate and cool bearing -does not activate
  elements

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Rotating Drilling HeadsHigh Pressure Systems

• Hydraulic Activated Systems
• Pressure to activate is controlled by sensor or
  manually.
• Seal is totally controllable.

• Mechanical Interface
• Systems
• Seal is always active and increases with
  increasing well pressure.
• No pressure seal is function of stretch fit.

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