Passages 2 Unit11

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Passages 2 Unit11

• Science and Technology

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Lesson A Part 2Listening

• gene (n) a specific, chemical pattern (on a
  chromosome) that is received from the parents and
  controls the development of particular of
  characteristic in an animal or plate.
• blueprint (n) an early plan or design that
  explains something or how something might be
  achieved.
• organism (n) a single living plant, animal, or
  other living thing.

3

• alter (v) to change something (often slightly),
  or to cause a change to happen.
• crop (n) a plant such as a grain, vegetable, or
  fruit grown in large amounts by farmers.
• herbicide (n) a chemical that is used to destroy
  plants, especially weeds.

4

• soybean (n) a type of bean grown especially in
  Asia and the U.S., used as a food for people and
  animals.
• weed (n) any unwanted wild plant that grows in a
  garden or field.

5

• toxin (n) a poisonous substance, especially one
  that is produced by bacteria and causes disease.
• species (n) a set of animals or plants that have
  similar characteristics to each other and can
  breed with each other.
• ecological balance the balance of relationships
  between living things and their environment.

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• self- perpetuating having a system that avoid
  change and produces new things that are very
  similar to the old ones.
• retailer (n) a person or business who sells
  goods to the public

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Lesson A Listening ltanswersgt

• Advantages Disadvantages

1. There could be new toxins in foods.
1. Crops could be made resistant to plant-killing
chemicals.
2. Crops could be made resistant to bacteria,
viruses, and insects.
2. Disease could spread across different species
of plants.
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3. More nutritious food could be developed
3.The ecological balance could be disturbed
4. Plants could grow out of control.
4. x
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Lesson A Part 3ltanswersgt

• 1. x (uncountable noun in general statement.)
• 2. x (plural noun in a general statement)
• 3. The (reference to specific computers)
• 4. x (plural noun in a general statement)
• 5. a (first mention of a countable noun)
• 6. x (uncountable noun in a general statement)
• 7. The (last sequence marker)
• 8. x (uncountable noun in a general statement)

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Good Science, Bad Science

• Plastic surgery operations to change your
  appearance
• Prospectivewith vision of future
• Microchip implant
• To approve of to agree with
• What really counts what really matters what is
  really important

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Lesson A Part 5(A)ltanswersgt

• 1. c
• 2. e
• 3. a
• 4. g
• 5. d
• 6. b
• 7. f

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Lesson A Part 5(B)ltanswersgt

• 1. discovery
• 2. law
• 3. theory
• 4. invention
• 5. phenomenon
• 6. conclusion
• 7. consequence(s)

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Lesson A Part 6ltanswersgt

• Paragraph 1 introduction
• Paragraph 2 similar between television and
  computers.
• Paragraph 3 differences between television and
  computers.
• Paragraph 4 conclusion

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Lesson B Listening I cant cope with it

• Comedianentertainer
• Exasperating extremely annoying
• give me a break (informal ) an expression used
  to indicate an idea or a thing is silly or
  ridiculous
• To hook (something) up to connect something
• .

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• To be happening (slang) an expression
• meaning to be newly exciting or fashionable
• Domain an area of interest or over which a
  person has control.
• To go nuts (informal) to go crazy
• To revert to (something) to go back to a
  previous condition

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Present perfect and present perfect continuous
tenses

• The two tenses can be used interchangeably to
  talk about an activity that continues into the
  present. They frequently occur with since, for,
  lately, and recently.
• e.g. Americans have used microwave ovens for
  a long time.
• Americans have been using microwave ovens
  since the 1970s.

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• Never, still, already and yet often go with the
  present perfect.
• e.g. Ive never cooked any meat in my microwave
  oven.
• The present perfect focuses on the completion of
  an action the present perfect continuous focuses
  on the duration of an activity.
• e.g. Elena has installed a smoke detector in her
  apartment.
• e.g. The landlord has been installing smoke
  detectors in all apartments.
• With stative (nonaction) verbs, the present
  perfect is generally used. (e.g. like, be, and
  know)
• e.g. Scientists have known about genetic coding
  in DNA since the early 1950s.

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Lesson A Part 2ltanswersgt

• Items problems

The buttons are too small, its easy to press the
wrong button, and there are too many different
remote controls-for the TV, the VCR, the cable
television and the stereo.
Remote control
Computer
It doesnt speak a language that you can
understand.
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Lesson B Part 3ltanswersgt

• 1. has built
• 2. have spent
• 3. have exceeded
• 4. have known
• 5. have been examining
• 6. have discovered
• 7. have been working on
• 8. have not (havent) learned

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Lesson B Part 6A (answers)

• 1. The article is about seafood that is raised on
  aquaculture farms rather than fished from the sea
  or ocean.
• 2. A fish farm is a place where fish are raised
  in captivity.
• 3. Transgenic is the transfer of genes from one
  species to another.

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Lesson B Part 6B (answers)

• 1. seafood supplies have increased and will
  increase further as genetic traits of fish and
  other sea animals are improved.
• 2. The environment suffers because water is
  polluted by fish waste and there is an
  inefficient use of fish resources five kilograms
  of wild fish must be used in aquaculture in order
  to produce a single kilogram of farmed fish.
• 3. Answer will very.