Zeit, Tempus und Aspekt im Englischen

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Zeit, Tempus und Aspekt im Englischen

• Indirekte Rede

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Direkte Rede
Indirekte Rede

• I enjoy playing cricket
• I loathe cricket
• He's being a fool
• You've deceived me
• Did you see the accused on the night of the 25th

• Jim said that he enjoyed playing cricket
• John said that he loathed cricket
• Everyone thought he was being a fool
• I told her she had deceived me
• She was asked whether she had seen the accused on
  the night of the 25th

Wenn das Verb im Hauptsatz in der Vergangenheit
steht, wird das Tempus des Verbs des Nebensatzes
in die Vergangenheit verschoben.
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Direkte Rede
Indirekte Rede

• I loathe cricket
• The police are still looking for him
• No one has ever spoken to me
• Virtue is knowledge
• I am blameless

• John confessed that he loathes cricket
• We were told the police are still looking for him
• She complained that no one has ever spoken to her
• Socrates said that virtue was knowledgeSocrates
  said the virtue is knowledge
• Socrates said that he was blamelessSocrates
  said that he is blameless

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Erlebte Rede Free Indirect Speech

• Erlebte Rede (free indirect speech) ist eine
  häufige Erscheinung in der erzählenden Prosa. Sie
  ist eine Form der indirekten Rede, bei der die
  Hauptsätze, die üblicherweise die Indikatoren der
  indirekten Rede sind, wegfallen
• Agnes "Why do they always have to pick on me?"
  (direkte Rede)
• Agnes asked why they always had to bick on her
  (indirekte Rede)
• Why did they always (groaned Agnes) have to pick
  on her? oder einfach Why did they always
  have to pick on her? (erlebte Rede)

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Erlebte Rede Free Indirect Speech

• Anders als in der indirekten Rede kann in der
  erlebten Rede die Struktur von Frage- und
  Ausrufungssätzen der direkten Rede beibehalten
  werden
• Could he be imagining things? (wondered Harry)
• Here was Bagby at last! (thought John)
• How many years had he and his sister dreamed of
  this moment!
• So that was their plan, was it!
• Im Gegensatz zur indirekten Rede bleiben die
  deiktischen Ausdrücke (here, this, now) erhalten.

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Erlebte Rede

• My car had been repaired and it was now running
  more smoothly than ever as I drove down the South
  Coast. I realised that it would be at least 12
  before I reached Brighton, but my appointment
  was at two, so I would have time for lunch first.
  As I drove along my thoughts kept going back to
  what had happened the evening before. Had it
  really happened or had I been dreaming the whole
  time? Whatever it had been the evening before,
  the police car that was now signalling me to stop
  was certainly not a dream.
• "May I see your license, sir" the policeman
  asked. "Do you realise that for the last 2 miles
  you have been driving 50 mph through a built-up
  area?"
• "I'm sorry, officer", I replied. "I know this
  sounds feeble, but I was thinking of something
  that happened to me last night."
• And before he could stop me, I had already
  finished telling him the remarkable story of the
  Duke's cat and the Ming vase.