UNIDO POPs CR

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Centre of Excellence
Regional Evaluation of POPs in Ambient Air Ivan
Holoubek
RECETOX - TOCOEN Associates Kamenice 126/3, 625
00 Brno, Czech Republic Phone [phone]
fax [phone] E-mail holoubek_at_recetox.mu
ni.cz http//recetox.muni.cz/
Workshop on the EMEP Assessment Report under the
TFMM Vienna, Austria, 4-6 November, 2002
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Priority chemicals within UN ECE CLRTAP and the
Stockholm Convention
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Global Asessment
GEF (Global Environmental Facility) Regionally
Based Assessment of Persistent Toxic Substances
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Persistent, Bioaccumulative and Toxic Substances

• Persistent
• Bio-accumulative
• Toxic
• Transboundary Movement
• POPs a sub-group

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Regional Asessment Region III - Europe
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Regional Asessment Region III - Europe
Regional Report November 07, 2002 160
pages Background documents of Regional Report
Tables all presentations from Technical
Workshops Priority Setting Meeting January
2003 on the R T A website
http//recetox.muni.cz/ Global Report - March,
2003
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The coverage of the Convention on Long-range
Transboundary Air Pollution (49 Parties)
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Other ongoing work on POPs under the Convention

• EMEP
• Emission inventories
• Atmospheric modelling at MSC-E
• Measurements collected at CCC
• WG Effects
• Health risks
• WG Strategies and Review
• TF By-Products/Residues

TFMM
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Joint Task Force of WHO/ECEH and Executive Body
for the CLRTAP on Health Aspects of LRTAP
Project Health Risks of POPs from LRTAP
Michal Krzyzanowski WHO ECEH Bonn Office
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Persistent, Bioaccumulative and Toxic Chemicals
in Central and Eastern European Countries -
State-of-the-Art Report
Authors Prof. Ivan Holoubek, Ph.D. Anton Kocan,
Ph.D. Irena Holoubkova, M.Sc. Klára Hilscherova,
Ph.D. Jiri Kohoutek, M.Sc. Prof. Jerzy
Falandysz, Ph.D. Ott Roots, Ph.D.
TOCOEN REPORT No. 150a Brno, Czech Republic, May
2000 3rd Version - 2003
http//recetox.muni.cz/
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Regional evaluation of POPs in ambient air
regional level of information
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EMEP POPs monitoring station locations
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EMEP POPs monitoring station locations - air
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POPs which are determined in all environmental
compartments

• Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)
• Organochlorinated pesticides (DDTs, HCHs, HCB)
• Polychlorinated biphenyls (28, 52, 101, 118,
  138, 153, 180)

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Annual weighted means for a- and g-HCH during
1992-1999
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Emission trend of POPs in the CR 1990 - 2000
PAHs t.y-1
PCBs kg.y-1
PCDDs/Fs g.y-1
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Reflection of these decresing emission trends ??

• The monitoring and measurements of PBTs in
  various environmental compartments
• Monitoring on regional level EMEP
• Monitoring on the national and local levels
• Pilot study, research projects

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Regional monitoring of POPs
EMEP POPs Network
Observatory Koetice
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Integrated monitoring of POPs - sampling sites
and frequency Koetice observatory from 1988
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Regional monitoring of POPs
Trends of enivironmental levels of POPs in the CR
regional background monitoring observatory
Koetice case of PCBs
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PCBs levels in ambient air in Europe ng.m-3
14/06/2000
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Middle European regional background trends
1996 - 2001
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Seasonal trends of PAHs in ambient air 1996-1999
Concentrations of BaP airaerosol (CZ, No 1999)
seasonal trends
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Regional evaluation of POPs in ambient air
local level of information
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TOMPs historical ambient air measurement
Lancaster University fg I-TEQ m-3
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PCB concentrations detected in the archived air
filters (two rural sites) and on herbage
collected annually and stored at Rothamsted
Experimental Station
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PBDE homologue concentrations in UK air 1997-1998
STOKE FERRY
HAZELRIGG
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PCB concentrations (sum of 28,52, 101, 138, 15,
and 180 congeners) in ambient air in 20
Slovakias site (geometric mean values from 8
measurements - twice in each season)
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PCB concentrations (the sum of all congeners)
determined in ambient air samples collected in
the residential areas of the districts of
Michalovce and Stropkov
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Geometric mean PCDD/PCDF concentrations
(expressed as I-TEQ) found in the ambient air in
Slovakia collected 8 times at 20 sites
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Long-time measurements of POPs in Prague AXYS
VARILAB, 1999-2001 Seasonal trend of ambient air
concentrations of dioxin in southern Germany
Median concentrations obtained from the networks
around the MSWIs at Augsburg and Burgkirchen
(n223)
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Regional evaluation of POPs in ambient air
regional hot spots as sources of regional
contamination
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ASSESSMENT OF THE SELECTED POPs (PCBs, PCDDs/Fs,
OCPs) IN THE ATMOSPHERE AND WATER ECOSYSTEMS FROM
THE WASTE MATERIALS GENERATED BY WARFARE IN
FORMER YUGOSLAVIA (APOPSBAL PLICA2 -
CT2002-10007)
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The most severely attacked cities were Sombor,
Novi Sad, Pancevo, Belgrade, Valjevo, Bor,
Kragujevac, Nis, Krusevac, Pristina
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ASSESSMENT OF THE SELECTED POPs (PCBs, PCDDs/Fs,
OCPs) IN THE ATMOSPHERE AND WATER ECOSYSTEMS FROM
THE WASTE MATERIALS GENERATED BY WARFARE IN
FORMER YUGOSLAVIA (APOPSBAL PLICA2 -
CT2002-10007)
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Regional evaluation of POPs in ambient air
other useful information
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Particular POPs results for Alpine regions
(1)Alpine regions have unfavourable conditions
with regard to the POPs input, namely

• Barrier effects for long-range transported air
  masses
• Higher precipitation at higher altitudes ? more
  deposition
• Higher wind velocities at higher altitudes ? more
  deposition
• Lower temperatures at higher altitudes (cold
  condensation, less volatilisation and less
  degradation of POPs)

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Particular POPs results for Alpine regions
(2)Monitoring of POPs in spruce needles and in
the humus layer of remote forest sites
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Regional evaluation of POPs in ambient air
measurements vs. modelling
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Spatial distribution of PCDDs/Fs contamination in
main environmental compartments in 1999gt a
PCDDs/Fs emission in 1999 used in calculations
ng I-TEQ.m-2.y-1 b PCDDs/Fs air
concentrations fg I-TEQ.m-3 c - soil
concentrations pg I-TEQ.g-1 d - concentrations
in sea fg I-TEQ.l-1 e - concentrations in
vegetation pg I-TEQ.g-1
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Regional modelling vs. measurements of POPs
Comparison of calculated and measurement data
PCB-153
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Use of the results from local monitoring for
validation of models
Local levels - small catchment (Central European
background) 3 km2 9 soil sampling sites ( 7
vegetation sites )
Regional level - river valley (small industrial
city) - 300 km2 22 soil sampling sites
Country level 127 000 km2 200 soil sampling
sites
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Use of the results from local monitoring for
validation of models
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