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Applied climatology

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as the season and the year advances, he can tell what epidemic ... Positivism has dominated much applied work done by physical geographers/ climatologists ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Applied climatology


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Introduction
  • Applied climatology

3
Hippocrates, Air Waters and Places (300BC)
  • as the season and the year advances, he can tell
    what epidemic diseases will attack the city,
    either in summer or in winter, and what each
    individual will be in danger of experiencing from
    the change of regimen
  • Those which lie to the rising of the sun are all
    likely to be more healthy than such as are turned
    to the North, or those exposed to the hot winds
    both the heat and cold are more moderate. Then
    such waters as flow to the rising sun, must
    necessarily be clear, fragrant, soft, and
    delightful to drink, in such a city. For the sun
    in rising and shining upon them purifies them, by
    dispelling the vapors which generally prevail in
    the morning. The persons of the inhabitants are,
    for the most part, well colored and blooming,
    unless some disease counteract.

4
Humboldt in the Andes
  • Harper College

5
Koeppen Climate Classification
6
Climate determinism
To-day, the strongest nations of the world live
where the climatic conditions are most
propitious. Japan and north China in Asia
Russia, Austria, Germany, France, and England in
Europe, and the United States and Canada in
America, all occupy regions where the climate is
of the kind which we have defined as most
favorable to the progress of mankind. -Ellsworth
Huntington (1907)
7
Krakatau (1883)
8
Recent decades
  • Advance of computer models and forecasting
  • Globalization of the worlds economy
  • Understanding of the climate system
  • Climate change
  • Incorporation of applied climatology in many
    components of life
  • Stakeholders, weather derivatives, etc.

9
Temporal aspects of applied climatology
Beniston and Goyette 2007
10
Evolution of variables
  • Qualitative extreme event
  • Quantitative temperature and precipitation
  • Additional surface variables pressure,
    humidity,etc.
  • Upper atmospheric variables
  • Remotely sensed data

11
Applied climatology vs. applied
meteorology
  • Our data collection is still largely focused on
    meteorological purposes, especially forecasting
  • From the AMS glossary
  • applied meteorologyA field of study where
    weather data, analyses, and forecasts are put to
    practical use. Examples of applications include
    environmental health, weather modification, air
    pollution meteorology, agricultural and forest
    meteorology, transportation, value-added product
    development and display, and all aspects of
    industrial meteorology.
  • applied climatologyThe scientific analysis of
    climatic data in the light of a useful
    application for an operational purpose.
    Operational is interpreted as any specialized
    endeavor within such as industrial,
    manufacturing, agricultural, or technological
    pursuits This is the general term for all such
    work and includes agricultural climatology,
    aviation climatology, bioclimatology, industrial
    climatology, and others.

12
Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology
mission statement
  • Published monthly by the American Meteorological
    Society, the Journal of Applied Meteorology and
    Climatology covers applied research related to
    physical meteorology, weather modification,
    satellite meteorology, radar meteorology,
    boundary layer processes, air pollution
    meteorology (including dispersion and chemical
    processes), agricultural and forest meteorology,
    and applied meteorological numerical models. The
    journal also covers applied climatology research
    related to the use of climate information in
    decision making, impact assessments, seasonal
    climate forecast applications and verification,
    climate risk and vulnerability, development of
    climate monitoring tools, urban and local
    climates, and climate as it relates to the
    environment and society.

13
AMS Conference on Applied Climatology announcement
  • The theme selected for the 2010 Annual Meeting is
    Weather, Climate, and Society New Demands on
    Science and Services, and papers are being
    solicited to reflect this subject as it relates
    to the area of applied climatology. Papers for
    this conference are solicited on integrated
    themes, such as making climate services matter
    the use of climate model projections and
    downscaling to inform public policy effective
    climate and weather outreach and education for
    decision-makers climate discussion and decision
    support for policy and operations integrating
    non-official observations into climate analysis
    and decisions the economic considerations of
    climate change and the inclusion of climate
    change in economic forecasting misuse and
    misinterpretation of climate products, model
    projections, and data and drought including
    drought monitoring and assessment, impacts,
    drought prediction including snowpack/water
    supply forecasting, seasonal predictions As
    always, papers on traditional topics in applied
    climatology topics are sought, including but not
    limited to data quality climate data sets
    links between climate and weather and applied
    climate studies in sectors, such as agriculture,
    fire, flood mitigation, water supply, resource
    management and economic development.

14
So applied climatology
  • Is it narrow? Or broad?
  • Is it hurt or helped... by its interdisciplinary
    nature?

15
Smith (1987) fields of applied climatology
  • Applied climatology can involve
  • The design of something
  • The location and use of something
  • Planning an operation
  • Impact on biological activity

16
Chagnon (1995) diagram of applied climatology
17
Issues
  • Education
  • Potential users do not know how to use data

18
Physical and biological environments
  • Hydrologic Cycle / Water resources
  • Glaciers
  • Geomorphology
  • Soils
  • Vegetation
  • Animal responses to climate
  • From book chapters in Thompson and Perry (1997)

19
Cultural and social environments
  • Comfort, clothing, health
  • Urban design and construction
  • Industry and commerce
  • Transport systems
  • Agriculture
  • Forestry
  • Recreation and tourism
  • Energy
  • Behavior
  • Insurance / Legal
  • From book chapters in Thompson and Perry (1997)

20
Changing environments
  • Climate change / urban heat island
  • Air pollution
  • Extreme events
  • The future
  • From book chapters in Thompson and Perry (1997)

21
Theoretical framework
  • Positivism has dominated much applied work done
    by physical geographers/ climatologists
  • In what ways has this changed / can this change?

22
Goals of this course
  • An overview of weather and climate data that are
    out there, and how we synthesize these data for
    use in applied work
  • To provide an appreciation for the diversity of
    fields in which applied climatological work is
    done
  • Real-world experience of working through an
    applied climatological project

23
Challenges of this course
  • Trying to cover a lot in a very interdisciplinary
    subject!

24
Components of this course
  • Mid-term exam (20)
  • Final project (35)
  • Applied climatology report (20)
  • Homework (15)
  • Attendance/Participation (10)

25
Growing season, Cuya. Valley
  • Days from last 32F in spring to first 32F in
    fall
  • 142 Alpena, MI
  • 194 Lexington, KY
  • Regionalization is a human construct

Growing season (days), 2007, Cascade Valley Metro
Park
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