The Correlation Between Diabetes and Dental Health

1
The Correlation Between Diabetes and Dental Health

• Presented By
• Stella Njenga
• Jessica Bright
• June 5th, 2009

2
Abstract

• Diabetes is a disease that has been associated
  with an increased risk for a number of serious,
  sometimes life-threatening complications. Some of
  those risks include, poor dental health. Studies
  have shown that people with diabetes are more
  likely to have periodontal disease than people
  without diabetes, probably because diabetics are
  more susceptible to contracting infections. This
  study will show the correlation between diabetes
  and periodontal disease.
• American Academy of Periodontology

3
Who is at risk?

• Diabetes has a strong prevalence in minority and
  ethnic groups
• Native Americans
• Blacks/ African Americans
• Hispanics
• Cubans

4
What is Diabetes?

• A condition characterized by hyperglycemia
  resulting from the bodys inability to use blood
  glucose for energy.
• Type 1
• Type 2
• Gestational Diabetes.
• Diabetes is a preventable disease
• National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse
  (NDIC)

5
Current Statistics

• 24 Million individuals have diabetes in USA
• Increase of 3 million people in 2yrs
• 57 Million people are estimated to have pre
  diabetes
• Decrease in the number of people that did not
  know they had the disease 30 -25

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Its Effect on the Body

• Stroke
• Oral Health
• Heart
• Lungs
• Stomach
• Kidneys
• Reproductive health and Pregnancy

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Periodontal Disease

• Infection of the tissues that support your teeth.
• Attachment of the tooth and supporting tissues
  break down.
• Gum tissue not attached to the teeth as high as
  it may seem.
• Very shallow v-shaped crevice called a sulcus
  between the tooth and gums
• develop into a pocket as tissue is damaged.
• http//www.ada.org/public/topics/periodontal_dise
  ases.asp

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Classification of Periodontal disease

• According to the severity of the disease.
• Two major stages
• Gingivitis
• Periodontitis

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Its Relation to Diabetes

• Considered the sixth complication of diabetes
• More likely to occur in diabetic patients
• Poorly controlled type 2 diabetics more likely
  to develop periodontal disease than
  well-controlled diabetics
• Journal of Periodontology

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Further relationship

• Increase in blood sugar
• Poorly controlled diabetics respond differently
  to bacterial plaque at the gum line than
  well-controlled diabetics and non-diabetics

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Reason

• Elevated serum triglycerides
• Poorly controlled diabetics have more harmful
  proteins (cytokines) in their gingival tissue,
  causing destructive inflammation of the gums.
• In turn, beneficial proteins (growth factors) are
  reduced, interfering with the healing response to
  infection.

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Preventative Measures

• Keep Blood Glucose under control
• Brush Often
• Floss Daily
• Get Regular Dental Care
• Diabetes Public Health Resources

13
The Future

• Collaboration of Health Care Providers and
  Communities
• Further Research

14
References

• Gum Disease and Diabetes (2008). American Academy
  of Periodontology. Oct 24, 2008. Retrieved
  fromhttp//www.perio.org/consumer/mbc.diabetes.ht
  m
• Hewitt images. Retrieved on Jun 3rd, 2009 from
  http//www.nycc.org/photos/04_mallorca/carbs.jpg
• Javed, et al. (2008). Periodontal conditions and
  oral symptoms in gutka-chewers with and without
  type 2 diabetes. Acta Odontologica Scandinavica
  66 268273.
• Journal of Periodontology Online. November 1999,
  Vol. 70, No. 11, Pages 1313-1321. Retrieved on
  June 2nd, 2009 fromhttp//www.joponline.org/doi/a
  bs/10.1902/jop.1999.70.11.1313