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Activating Sustainable Development

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improving the quality of life while living within the carrying capacity of ... SD as an oxymoron? Can we increase industrial output 5-10 fold in a sustainable way? ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Activating Sustainable Development


1
Activating Sustainable Development
  • PEEP Course Lecture
  • HT 2004
  • Lisa Van Well
  • The Royal Institute of Technology

2
Squaring the Circle Robinson
  • Problems with SD concept
  • Vague Purposely so? Diplomats leave undefined
    to be implemented according to local conditions?
  • Political compromise?

3
What is Sustainable Development?
  • Sustainable development is development that
    meets the needs of the present without
    compromising the ability of future generations to
    meet their own needs.
  • Bruntland report World Commission on Environment
    and Development, 1987, p. 43)

4
Another Sustainable Development Definition
  • improving the quality of life while living
    within the carrying capacity of supporting
    ecosystems.
  • World Conservation Union, UN Environment
    Programme and World Wide Fund for Nature (1991)

5
Local SD interpretation
  • Sustainable development is development that
    delivers basic environmental, social and economic
    services to all residents of a community without
    threatening the viability of the natural, built
    and social systems upon which the delivery of
    these services depends
  • International Council for Local
    Environmental Initiatives (1994)

6
Squaring the circle Robinson
  • SD is Hypocritical
  • Easy to use as a label for anything.
  • EUs (Sweden) term of sustainable growth
  • Difference between growth and development

7
What is development?
  • Economic growth?
  • Meeting basic needs?
  • Improving quality of life?
  • Meeting higher infrastructure needs?
  • Meeting social, welfare, spiritual needs?

8
Squaring the CircleRobinson
  • SD is Delusional?
  • SD as an oxymoron? Can we increase industrial
    output 5-10 fold in a sustainable way? Will we
    reach the social carrying capacity before the
    ecological?
  • Pursuing the wrong agenda? Focus instead on
    social and political change? Technical fix? Or
    even a more radical agenda?

9
Ecofeminism a more radical approach?
  • Life in nature (including human activity) is
    maintained by means of cooperation, mutual care
    and love.
  • Holistic and connected view
  • Regarding planet as sacred
  • Ecology and Feminism Aggressions against women
    likened to aggressions against the environment.

10
Ecofeminism A winning approach?
  • Nobel Peace Prize for 2004 Wangari Maathai Green
    Belt movement Holistic approach to SD, including
    democracy, human (womans) rights

11
Activating Sustainable development
  • Squaring the circle Robinson
  • Make SD an integrative concept
  • Go beyond concepts to action
  • Technical fixes as complement to political will
  • The social constructions of sustainability
  • Engaging the community

12
Sustainable Development Integration
  • Strong integration is described as the extent to
    which "each separate unit or department subject
    to integration undergoes a process of internal,
    cultural change. Its priorities and working
    methods are modified as it absorbs, and becomes
    genuinely committed to the new "integrating"
    values" Institute for European Environmental
    Policy in London (IEEP )

13
Sustainable Development Integration
  • With weak integration "the separate units are
    required simply to refocus their individual
    activities so that they contribute to collective
    objectives. But in doing so they are not required
    to surrender their subject boundaries, nor asked
    completely to subordinate their values,
    objectives and methods" (IEEP 19926)

14
Integration of environmental issues the EU
  • Maastricht Treaty in 1993 "Environmental
    protection requirements must be integrated into
    the definition and implementation of other
    Community policies (Treaty of the Union Article
    130R(2))(Emphasis added)

15
National environmental integration
  • National forerunners/pioneers
  • Netherlands, Sweden, Norway
  • -supportive of intl organizations, multilateral
    cooperation
  • -consensual/social democratic policy making,
    social planning, intervention
  • -traditions of solidarity

16
Regional Integration (administrative)
  • Södermanland county New developmental council

17
Beyond concepts to action
  • Think globally, act locally
  • Each local authority should enter into a dialogue
    with its citizens, local organizations and
    private enterprises and adopt a local Agenda 21
  • Earth Summit- Agenda 21 (ch. 28)

18
LA21
  • Europe 5292 LA21 in 36 countries (80)
  • Africa 151 LA21 in 28 countries
  • Asia-Pacific 674 LA21 in 17 countries
  • Latin America 119 LA21 in 17 countries
  • N. America USA 87, Canada 14
  • Middle East 79 LA21 in 13 countries

19
LA 21 in Sweden
  • 289 municipalities
  • Focus on stakeholder dialogue (citizens and
    businesses), process, integration of environment,
    economy and social aspects

20
Sustainable Seattle non-profit organization
  • Waste Reduction and Recycling Program
  • Environmental Priorities Project
  • Comprehensive plan
  • Sustainable Seattle Citizens Initiative
    Voluntary network and civic forum, developed
    local sustainability indicators

21
40 Seattle sustainability indicators Criteria
  • Relevant
  • Reflect community values
  • Attractive to local media
  • Statistically measurable
  • Logically or scientifically defensible
  • Reliable
  • Leading and
  • Policy-relevant.

22
The European Sustainable Cities and Towns Campaign
  • facilitate mutual support between European cities
    and towns in the design, development and
    implementation of policies towards
    sustainability Local Agenda 21
  • http//www.sustainable-cities.org

23
European Sustainable Cities Towns Campaign
project
  • Towards A Local Sustainability Profile European
    Common Indicators
  • Launched by Environmental Commissioner Margot
    Wallström, 1999

24
Principles of sustainable governance
  • Urban Management, including a range of tools for
    managing sustainability
  • Policy integration-vertically and horizontally
  • Ecosystems thinking, with a social dimension
  • Cooperation and Partnership Learning by doing
    and by example, networks
  • EUROPEAN SUSTAINABLE CITIES EXPERT GROUP
    ON THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT, MARCH 1996, BRUSSELS

25
European Common SD Indicators Survey method
  • Citizen Satisfaction with the Local Community
  • Local Contribution to Global Climatic Change
  • (and/or local Ecological Footprint)
  • Local Mobility and Passenger Transportation
  • Availability of Local Public Open Areas and
    Services
  • Quality of Local Outdoor Air
  • Childrens Journeys to and from School
  • Sustainable Management of the Local Authority and
    Local Businesses
  • Noise Pollution
  • Sustainable Land Use
  • Products Promoting Sustainability
  • equality and social inclusion , local governance,
    empowerment, democracy, local/global relationship
    , local economy, environmental protection ,
    cultural heritage/quality of the built
    environment

26
Partnerships for SD (WSSD), beyond technical
fixes
  • Type I
  • Specific commitments between governments
  • Type II
  • Informal, voluntary commitments between
    multi-stakeholders- governments, businesses,
    industry groups, NGOs and IGOs, etc.

27
Why Type II Partnerships?
  • To make a concrete contribution to furthering
    sustainable development
  • Improve quality of implementation of
    international agreements for S.D.
  • To engage multiple stakeholder responsibility in
    a globalized world
  • To complement, not substitute for national action

28
Managing Type II Partnerships
  • Partnerships governed and selected by partners
    themselves but within criteria of WSSD
    preparatory process
  • Bali Guiding principles
  • General Assembly resolution A/RES/56/76
  • Voluntary registration with Commission on
    Sustainable Development (CSD)

29
Advantages of Type II Partnerships
  • Less time to develop than governmental agreements
  • Use non-governmental resources
  • Increased credibility
  • Increased participation

30
Range of Type II Partnershipstotal as of June
2003 - 232
  • Changing Unsustainable Patterns - 9
  • Managing Natural Resource Base - 93
  • Health Sustainable Development 15
  • S.D of Small Island Developing states 17
  • S.D. initiatives for Africa - 25
  • Sustainable Tourism - 4
  • Means of Implementation- 54
  • Local Authorities and urbanization - 15

31
The social constructions of sustainability
  • Sustainability is inherently problem-driven
    concept, rather than scientific (like climate
    change)
  • About values and norms of the type of lifestyles
    we want and attitude to the resources upon which
    these are based.

32
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33
Engaging the community in SD
  • Activating citizens, groups etc.
  • Networking for sustainable development
  • Local examples?

34
Aalborg Conference
  • European Conference on Sustainable Cities
    Towns
  • Aalborg, Denmark on 27 May 1994

35
Aalborg 10
  • Themes
  • Natural common goods
  • Consumption and Lifestyle
  • Less traffic, better mobility
  • Urban Planning and design
  • Viable local economy
  • Social equity and justice
  • Local action for health
  • Good governance
  • Sustainability management and action
  • From global to local

36
City networks in practice
  • International association of local governments
    implementing sustainable development
  • Local Agenda 21
  • City Climate protection campaign
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