ISOIEC 180462

1
ISO/IEC 18046-2

• Performance Test for ISO/IEC 18000-7
• Su-Khiong (SK) Yong
• Ryad Semichi

2
Outline

• Motivations
• Test Setup Apparatus and Circuits
• Functional Tests for 433.920 MHz Propagative
  Readers as defined in ISO/IEC18000-7
• Identification EM field threshold (ETHR
  Identification)
• Reading EM field threshold (ETHR Read)
• Writing EM field threshold (ETHR Write)
• Sensitivity Directivity (SDirectivity)
• Interference rejection (IRejection)
• Maximum operating EM field (EMax Operating)
• Survival EM field (ESurvival)
• Conclusions and Recommendations

3
Motivation

• Propose a standardized test methods and general
  requirements for performance characteristics of
  RFID readers as specified in ISO/IEC 18000-7
  specifications.

4
Reader Test Setup
ISO/IEC 18000-7 complaint
Trigger a timed response
Measure the Rx power convert to FS in dBµV/m.
Set as ref. FS
Verify the tag commands received from reader
Verify the timings signal of the reader signal
and modulation
Issue ISO/IEC 18000-7 wakeup and commands
field strength 107 (PR AF LC)
Verify the decoded data received by reader the
o/p received tag response
5
Identification EM field threshold (ETHR
Identification)
Select fc 433.92, 433.894 433.946 MHz

• Purpose
• determines the EM field threshold level required
  at the reader for tag identification when using
  an ISO/IEC 18000-7 air interface protocol.
• The identification EM field threshold, ETHR
  Identification, is the minimum EM field arriving
  at the reader that allows the reader to identify
  a tag reliably.
• Test Procedure

Select polarization V/H
Set attenuation to 30dB
1dB attenuation
Reader still read?
yes
no
- 1dB Attenuation
Convert the attenuation setting To dBµV/m
Record the ETHR Identification value
More Pol./ fc?
no
select maxETHR Identification
yes
6
Test Report

• The test report provides data recorded for the
  systems lower, nominal, and upper tolerance
  limits. The environmental conditions and
  communication parameters shall be recorded as
  below

7
Reading EM field threshold (ETHR Read)
Select fc 433.92, 433.894 433.946 MHz

• Purpose
• Determines the EM field threshold level at the
  reader that allows a tag reading. To successfully
  read tag data, the command shall be transmitted
  correctly, with enough energy available to read
  the tag.
• The reading EM field threshold, ETHR Read, is the
  minimum EM field at the reader that allows tag
  reading
• Test Procedure

Select polarization V/H
Set attenuation to 30dB
1dB attenuation
yes
Reader still read?
no
- 1dB Attenuation
Convert the attenuation setting To dBµV/m
Record the ETHR Read value
More Pol./ fc?
no
select maxETHR Read
yes
8
Test Report

• The test report provides data recorded for the
  systems lower, nominal, and upper tolerance
  limits. The environmental conditions and
  communication parameters shall be recorded.

9
Writing EM field threshold (ETHR Write)
Select fc 433.92, 433.894 433.946 MHz

• Purpose
• This test determines the EM field threshold level
  at the reader that allows a tag write operation.
• The writing EM field threshold (ETHR Write) is
  the minimum EM field at the reader allowing a tag
  write operation.
• Test Procedure

Select polarization V/H
Set attenuation to 30dB
1dB attenuation
Reader still read?
yes
no
- 1dB Attenuation
Convert the attenuation setting To dBµV/m
Record the ETHR Write value
More Pol./ fc?
no
select maxETHR Write
yes
10
Test Report

• The test report provides data recorded for the
  systems lower, nominal, and upper tolerance
  limits. The environmental conditions and
  communication parameters shall also be recorded.

11
Sensitivity Directivity (SDirectivity)
Set ?0?, K-4 ?(15?K)?
Set fc433.92 MHz

• Purpose
• This test determines the readers sensitivity to
  various orientations, such as azimuth and
  elevation i.e. directivity of the reader.
• Test Procedure

?gt90??
Select polarization V/H
Set ?0?, K0 ?(15?K) ?
Set attenuation to 0dB
KK1
1dB attenuation
no
?gt345??
Reader still read?
yes
More polarization?
yes
no
yes
- 1dB Attenuation
no
Graph all the ETHR XX degrees to determine
SDirectivity
Convert the attenuation setting To dBµV/m
Record the ETHR XX degrees value
12
Test Report

• The test report provides data recorded for the
  units normal operating situation

13
Reader Test Setup
Set power level 3dB above ETHR_Read
Increase the power until reader fails to decode
Set to 433.92 MHz set power level 20dB below
ETHR Read
14
Interference Rejection (IRejection)

• Purpose
• This test determines the interference rejection
  ability of the reader in the presence of
  unmodulated and modulated interference
• Test Procedure

Use 2 same V pol. ant. for tag simulator
interferer
Set tag simulator fc433.92 MHz Set K-2
Select (un)modulated Interferer
fc433.92 (K?0.25) MHz
Set tag simulator Attenuation to ETHR Read
setting
Confirm the reader reads the tag simul. signal
Adjust tag simul. attenuation to ETHR Read-3dB
1dB step on the un(modulated) Interferer power
level
Convert the this value To dBµV/m and record it
yes
Adjust (un)modulated Interferer power level to
20dB below ETHR Read
KK1
Reader still read?
no
no
Kgt2?
Confirm the reader still reads the tag simul.
signal
-1dB unmodulated Interferer power level
yes
15
Test Report

• The test report shall provide data recorded for
  On Channel, 1st Adjacent Channel (250kHz), and
  2nd Adjacent (500kHz) channels.

16
Maximum operating EM field (EMax Operating)
Set fc433.92 MHz

• Purpose
• This test determines the maximum EM field (EMax
  Operating) at the reader that still allows tag
  identification.
• Test Procedure

Select polarization V/H
Set tag simul. o/p power to 0dBm
Set attenuation of The tag to 30dB
Convert this value to dBµV/m
1dB attenuation
More polarization?
Reader still read?
yes
no
yes
minEMAX Operating
no
- 1dB Attenuation
Record the attenuation level
Add 10dBm to the Simulator o/p by adding 10dB
to FS
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Test Report
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Survival EM field (ESurvival)
Set fc433.92 MHz

• Purpose
• Determines the survival EM (Esurvival) value at
  which the reader ceases to operate even if signal
  levels are returned to within the operating range
  as defined by ETHR Read and EMax Operating
• Test Procedure

Use 10watts PA to overload signal
Use antenna with Pol. that gives Best ETHR Read
1dB to tag power signal source above EMAX
Operating turn off power
Set tag power to level between ETHR Read
EMAX Operating
Reader still read?
Convert this value to dBµV/m
no
yes
Record the high power signal source -1dB
minEMAX Operating
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Test Report

• The test report shall give the measured minimum
  EM field ESurvival level causing damage to the
  reader.

20
Conclusions Recommendation

• Conclusion
• Specified a series of test methods and general
  requirements that allow the to determine the
  performance characteristic of the RFID readers
  for ISO/IEC 18000-7.
• Recommendation
• To review with the committee and incorporates
  into the ISO/IEC 18046-2.

21
Questions?