Ultrafast, alloptical regeneration functionalities inside a Kerrnonlinear platform

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Ultrafast, alloptical regeneration functionalities inside a Kerrnonlinear platform

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Input: Pav = 0.1 mW. Ext ratio: P1/P0 = 2. OA Pav = 200 mW (Eav = 5 pJ) Additional loss so output again: Pav = 0.1 mW. Added noise in the system estimated ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Ultrafast, alloptical regeneration functionalities inside a Kerrnonlinear platform

1
Ultrafast, all-optical regeneration
functionalities inside a Kerr-nonlinear platform

G. Priem, P. Vandersteegen, P. Bienstman, G.
Morthier and R. Baets

2
Outline

Introduction why NL optics
All-optical NL platform
Regenerator optimization
Example
Conclusions

3
Electronics vs optics interconnections

From the physical point, optics has many
advantages for device interconnections
low loss and pulse distortion
low crosstalk
good impedance matching
wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM)
...
? easy transport of gt1 Tb/s

4
Electronics vs optics data processing

But what about the data processing?
typically by means of O-E-O conversion
high-speed processing (gt 40 GHz) difficult
Solution ALL-OPTICAL signal processing
Challenge ultrafast nonlinear effects (Kerr
effect ...) are also very weak
CONFINEMENT

HC material systems wires
resonant enhancement

5
Idea of resonator enhancement
The electric field (and Kerr effect) is enhanced
inside a resonator due to mirror
operation. Result asymmetric shift of resonance
wavelength Drawback strong mirror small
bandwidth
6
All-optical data processing

Basic functionalities
Phase shifting
Limiting
Switching
Bistability (memory)
POWER REQUIREMENTS?
standard semiconductor (AlGaAs), 40 GHz ?
1-5 pJ (ideal case)

Every all-optical function is theoretically
possible.
7
Non-ideal situation

Reality will require higher powers
Loss
Noise, crosstalk

Fabrication optimization...
Regeneration (OA already present for NL
operation!!)
linear backplane (e.g. routing)
8
Imbedded reshaping

Reshaping function is possible with
Kerr-nonlinear
resonator structures.
Just an additional function behind OA

Pout (a.u.)
Pin (a.u.)
Pump OUT
pump IN
data OUT1
Resh
OA
data IN
data OUT2
NL
9
Theoretical example
pump OUT

Consider a 40 Gb/s pump signal with
Input Pav 0.1 mW
Ext ratio P1/P0 2
OA ? Pav 200 mW (Eav 5 pJ)
Additional loss so output again Pav 0.1 mW
Added noise in the system estimated at 0.007 mW
(rms) at the output

pump IN
Resh
OA
NL
10
Theoretical example

For reusing the pump signal, a BER of 10-12
would be required
Additional regenerationwith gt2 ?m radius ring
resonator (AlGaAs)
Optimization by means of bandwidth, wavelength
offset ... with analytical model

pump OUT
pump IN
Resh
OA
NL
11
Minimum requirements

Optimum design (in terms of power requirement)
bandwidth 83 GHz
wavelength offset 0.51?bandwidth
required energy 3pJ lt 5pJ !!
? significant signal improvement with power that
is ALREADY THERE

very limited regeneration
almost no peak loss
significant improvement 10-6 ? 10-12

Pout (a.u.)
Pin (a.u.)
12
Eye diagrams
In absence of regeneration With regeneration
time (ps)
time (ps)
13
Potential

Bit error rate as function of available Eav
With the available 200mW (5pJ) BER ? 10-16

No regeneration
Log(BER)
Average energy (pJ)
14
Conclusions

When thinking of ultrafast NL operations built
into a platform...
Theoretically possible
Fabricating low-loss components will be a key
aspect to limit power loss and allow consecutive
operations (additional active areas might be
required)
Noise accumulation can be counteracted
Large improvements with repetitive limited
reshaping
Required power is already available
Compact, simple and extremely flexible