Cow Anatomy

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Chapter 4
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Cow Anatomy
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Terms to Know

• Pins- the protrusions of the wing of the Ilium
  bones (pelvis) just lateral to the base of the
  tail in ruminants
• Brisket- the mass of connective tissue, muscle,
  and fat covering the cranioventral (front) part
  of the chest in ruminants
• Dewclaw- the rudimentary first digit. Found on
  cows, dear, goats, cats, and dogs
• Poll- the top of the head
• Switch- hair at the end of the tail

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Cow Skeleton Anatomy
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Terms to Know

• Mandible- bottom jaw
• Maxilla- top jaw
• Parts of the spine (in order from cranial to
  caudal end)- Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral,
  caudal.

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Horse Anatomy
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Terms to Know

• Chestnut- a callus on the body of the horse
  usually around the leg/hock area.
• Muzzle- the forward, projecting part of the head
  of certain animals including the mouth, nose, and
  jaws also called the snout.
• Hoof- the horny sheath covering the toes or lower
  part of the foot
• Hock- the tarsal joint of the hind leg
• Pinna- the tips of the ears

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More Terms to Know

• Fetlock- projection on the lower part of the leg
  of a horse it is above and behind the hoof
• Girth- strap encircling an animal's body in order
  to secure a load or saddle on its back
• Coronet- the upper margin of a horse's hoof
• Gaskin- The part of the hind leg of a horse or
  related animal between the stifle and the hock
• Withers- The high part of the back of a horse or
  similar animal, located between the shoulder
  blades not the shoulders!

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Hoof Anatomy
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Terms to Know

• Coffin Bone- is the bottom most bone in the
  equine leg and is encased by the hoof
• Frog- the V-shaped pad of soft horn between the
  bars on the sole of the equine hoof

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Goat Anatomy
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Terms to Know

• Chest Floor- the floor of the chest, used to
  measure meat in meat goats
• Horn- hard, usually permanent structures
  projecting from the head of certain mammals
• Barrel- the trunk of a quadruped animal
• Flank- the section of flesh on the body of an
  animal between the last rib and the hip

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Dog Anatomy
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Terms to Know

• Stop- where the muzzle needs the skull
• Cheek- The fleshy part of either side of the face
  below the eye and between the nose and ear

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Bird Anatomy
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Terms to Know

• Gizzard- A modified muscular pouch behind the
  stomach in the alimentary canal of birds
• Birds sometimes swallow rocks to help the
  grinding process
• Tailbone- the bottom of the spine
• Hip Girdle- the three bones of the pelvis bonded
  together into one bone.
• As opposed to having them sutured together
• Keel- an extension of the sternum which runs
  axially along the midline of the sternum and
  extends outward

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Similarities

• A lot of the bones in horses correspond with
  those in cows and goats. Dogs and cats have
  similar structures to horses and sheep as well.
• Birds are built slightly differently, because
  they are built to fly.