Jefferson 1801-1809

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Jefferson1801-1809
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Election of 1800
Jefferson

• Jefferson and Aaron Burr tie for President
• Both are D/Rs
• Tie is eventually broken in Jeffersons Favor
• Future problems avoided with 12th amendment

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Election of 1800, contd
Jefferson

• First peaceful transfer of power from one party
  to another in modern government
• Federalists (Adams) to Dem-Rep (Jefferson)
• Jeffersons philosophy brought to the White House
  and Dem-Rep Congress
• Laissez- Faire government.

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Judicial Review
Jefferson

• Midnight Judges appointed by Adams
• Jefferson refused to recognize judges
• Marbury vs. Madison
• John Marshall is Chief Justice of Supreme Court
• Case declares part of the Judiciary Act
  unconstitutional
• Establishes principal of Judicial Review
• Court can declare laws unconstitutional

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Western Expansion
Jefferson

• Louisiana Purchase (1803)
• Lewis and Clark Expedition
• Sacajawea
• Indian Conflicts
• Unfair treaties
• Tecumsehs League
• Battle of Tippecanoe

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Foreign Affairs
Jefferson

• US neutrality between Britain and France???
• Needed trade with both sides
• British began impressment of sailors
• Jefferson gets Embargo Act passed to cut off
  trade with Britain. Hurts U.S. business more
  than Britain
• War Hawks emerge
• Possibility of gaining additional lands
• Revenge for British helping Indians

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Jefferson
ELECTION OF 1800 The two Democratic-Republicans
Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr defeated
Federalist John Adams, but tied with each other.
After a long series of ties in the House,
Jefferson was finally chosen as president. Burr
became vice-president.
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Jefferson
JUDICIAL REVIEW The power of the Supreme Court
to interpret the Constitution.
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Jefferson
JOHN MARSHALL a Federalist whose decisions on
the U.S. Supreme Court promoted federal power
over state power and established the judiciary as
a branch of government equal to the legislative
and executive.
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Jefferson
MIDNIGHT JUDGES On his last day in office,
President Adams appointed a large number of
Federalist judges to the federal courts in an
effort to maintain Federalist control of the
government. These newly-appointed Federalist
judges were called midnight judges because John
Adams had stayed up until midnight signing the
appointments.
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Jefferson
MARBURY V. MADISON 1803 - The case arose out of
Jefferson's refusal to deliver the commissions to
the judges appointed by Adams' Midnight
Appointments. One of the appointees, Marbury,
sued the Sect. of State, Madison, to obtain his
commission. This case established the Supreme
Court's right to judicial review.
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Jefferson
LOUISIANA PURCHASE 1803 - The U.S. purchased the
land from the Mississippi River to the Rocky
Mountains from Napoleon for 15 million.
Federalists opposed it because they felt
Jefferson overstepped his Constitutional powers
by making the purchase.
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Jefferson
LEWIS CLARK 1804-1806 - Meriwether Lewis and
William Clark were commissioned by Jefferson to
map and explore the Louisiana Purchase region.
It produced extensive maps of the area and
recorded many scientific discoveries, greatly
facilitating later settlement of the region and
travel to the Pacific coast.
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Jefferson
SACAJAWEA Shoshone guide and interpreter
accompanied Lewis and Clark expedition 180405.
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Jefferson
IMPRESSMENT British seamen often deserted to
join the American merchant marines. The British
would board American vessels in order to retrieve
the deserters, and often seized any sailor who
could not prove that he was an American citizen
and not British.
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Jefferson
EMBARGO ACT, 1807 This act issued by Jefferson
forbade American trading ships from leaving the
U.S. It was meant to force Britain and France to
change their policies towards neutral vessels by
depriving them of American trade.
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Jefferson
WAR HAWKS Western settlers who advocated war
with Britain because they hoped to acquire
Britain's northwest posts (and also Florida or
even Canada) and because they felt the British
were aiding the Indians and encouraging them to
attack the Americans on the frontier. In
Congress, the War Hawks were Henry Clay and John
C. Calhoun.
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Jefferson
1.01 Identify the major domestic issues and
conflicts experienced by the nation during the
Federalist Period.
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Jefferson
1.03 Assess commercial and diplomatic
relationships with Britain, France and Other
Nations.
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Marbury vs. Madison
Jefferson
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Lewis and Clark
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John Marshalls Legacy
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Do you feel like the Supreme Court has a fair
amount of power today? A. Yes B. No
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Jefferson
Why was the Louisiana Purchase an important move
for the U.S.? A. It more than doubled the size
of the United States. B. It gave the nation
control of the entire Mississippi River. C. The
Native Americans could no longer attack the
settlers. D. A and B E. B and C
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Jefferson
Why did British sailors desert for American
vessels? A. Low pay and terrible shipboard
conditions B. Terrible shipboard conditions
and dislike for the king C. Dislike for the
king and too many months on board the
ship D. Too many months on board the ship and
disease
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Jefferson
Do you feel that war can be justified? A. Yes B. N
o