The United States Enters WWI Section 9.1 (Appleby 320-327)

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The United States Enters WWISection 9.1 (Appleby
320-327)

• Chapter 9
• World War I and Its Aftermath

PF 328
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Today Agenda

• Return and go over test
• Class Average 83
• of As 9
• of Bs 17
• of Cs11
• 9.1 Slide Show
• Homework
• -Finish reading 9.1

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Todays ObjectivesAt the end of this lesson, you
should be able to

• Define Triple Entente/ Central Powers and list
  its member
• Define neutrality and describe its complexity
  /or hypocrisy in American policy
• Identify the Zimmerman Note
• Identify Lusitania as the catalyst of Americas
  formal entry into WWI
• Identify major economic reasons for Americas
  entry into WWI

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Background to WWI
Austria-Hungary annexes Bosnia -Serbia humiliated
Franco-Prussian War -German Empire begins -France
humiliated
Archduke Franz Ferdinand visits Sarajevo
Growing nationalism
1871 1888 1904 1914
Wilhelm II crowned Kaiser -Demands A place in
the sun
Russo-Japanese War -Russia humiliated
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Europe on the Eve of War, June 1914
Growing German naval power alarms Great Britain
Austro-Hungary annexes Bosnia
German militarism alarms France and Russia
Russia, Aus-Hun, Ottoman Emp. compete for control
of Balkans
Russian, Germany, GB, France compete for empire
Malignant Serbian Nationalism grows
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Friedrich Nietzsche

• Philosopher of late 1800s
• God is dead
• Believed that the greatest good is power,
  strength
• Greatest evil is weakness
• His beliefs greatly influenced leaders of Europe
  in WWI

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(No Transcript)
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What were the MAIN causes of WWI?

• Militarism
• Aggressive buildup of armed forces meant to
  intimidate other nations
• German insecurity led to massive buildup
• Alliance System
• Insecurity caused nations form security
  guarantees
• An attack on one was an attack on all
• Imperialism
• Intense competition among powers
• for territory/ status
• Nationalism
• Intense love of ones nation mixed with social
  Darwinism
• Viewed other nations as inferior
• Fredrick Nietzsches Will to Power

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The Match Gavrilo Princeps
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Todays Agenda

• Review
• Finish 9.1 Slide Show
• Homework
• Read 9.1 in Textbook and answer Primary Source
  Causes of WWI questions 1-2 on a separate sheet
  of paper on page 323

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What events triggered the outbreak of the Great
War?
1914
June July August
Central Powers at war with Triple Entente in
8/4/14
Archduke of Austria Assassinated in Sarajevo on
6/14/14
Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia 7/28/14
Wilson declares American neutrality 8/4/14
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Alliance System
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Who were the members of the Central Triple
Entente Alliances?

• Central Powers
• Germany
• Austria-Hungary
• Ottoman Empire

• Triple Entente (Allies)
• France
• Great Britain
• Russia

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Enthusiasm for War
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Why did Germanys war plan for an early victory
fail?

• Schlieffen Plan
• Plan to deal with 2 front war
• 1st -Quickly sweep through Belgium defeat
  France
• 2nd -Defeat slow moving Russia WIN
• Failed because
• Russia mobilized quickly
• French halted advance in west
• Led to bloody stalemate of trench warfare

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The Fronts
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Describe the nature of the fighting.

• Trench Warfare
• frontal assaults over no mans land
• Massive destruction casualties
• Battle of the Somme (Jul-Nov. 1916)
• GB lost 60 thousand in one day
• 1.5 million casualties
• Gained 6 miles in 5 months
• Senseless death of millions

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Battle of the Somme
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Lets Review

• Term for when one nation dominates another
  politically, economically
• TRs foreign policy
• Insecure leader of Germany
• Causes of WWI
• What was the Schielfen Plan
• Characteristics of the fighting

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Why were the casualties so high?

• Used Traditional Infantry charges
• Over the top!
• BUT possessed advanced weaponry
• Machine gun
• Artillery
• Mustard gas
• Barbed wire
• Tanks

1800-2024
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Harry Houdini Presentation
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1915-1916
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What was Americas official policy toward the
war?

• Neutral
• We must be impartial in thought as well as in
  action.
• Despite diverse population of immigrants, most
  Americans supported this view

730-
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American Neutrality
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Was America really neutral?

• Strong economic ties to Entente
• Triple Entente owed 2.25 billion to US companies
• British controlled flow of information
• Cut Transatlantic cable in 1914
• Portrayed Germans as Huns I.E. Mindless
  barbarians

942-1127
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Propaganda and Economic Impact
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What happened to the Lusitania?

• British passenger ship
• Secretly carried American arms to the allies
• Passengers warned by German gov. before ship
  embarked
• Sunk by German U-Boats (submarine) in 1915
• Outraged American public

053-348
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Describe the election of 1916.

• Wilson campaigns wins on anti-war platform
• He kept us out of war!
• In reality America had sided with the Allies
  (Entente)
• 2.25 billion in loans
• Attracted to post war investment
• Wanted an American voice at peace settlement
• Natural cultural connection to Britain

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What was the Zimmerman Note?

• Zimmerman Note
• German cable to Mexico promised pre-1848
  territory if Mexico side with Germany
• Discovered by British and released to American
  press
• Further outraged American public

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Why did Wilson ask Congress to declare war?

• Germany returned to Unrestricted Submarine
  Warfare Jan. 1917
• To make the world safe for democracy
• Believed the American System would save the
  world
• Hoped to spread American Style democracy,
  capitalism
• Believed WWI would be War to end all wars

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Conclusion

• Is spreading democracy a valid reason for going
  to war?
• Is protecting economic interests a valid reason?