Water Use Efficiency Implementation: Lessons Learned in California - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Water Use Efficiency Implementation: Lessons Learned in California

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Title: No Slide Title Author: Catherine Lukancic Heanue Last modified by: Judi Ranton Created Date: 10/15/1997 6:24:14 PM Document presentation format – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Water Use Efficiency Implementation: Lessons Learned in California


1
Water Use Efficiency ImplementationLessons
Learned in California
  • Tom Peters
  • Mary Lou Cotton

2
Overview/History
  • MOU Regarding Urban Water Conservation in
    California
  • Initiated in 1991 (during last major drought)
  • Agreement between water suppliers,
    environmental/public interest groups, consulting
    firms and other interested parties California
    Urban Water Conservation Council (Kennedy/Jenks
    is a member)
  • Instituted Best Management Practices (BMPs)
  • Two types of BMPs quantifiable and
    non-quantifiable (water savings)

3
Overview/History (Cont.)
  • BMPs
  • Water survey programs for single-family
    residential and multi-family residential
    customers (non-quantifiable)
  • Residential plumbing retrofit (quantifiable)
  • System water audits, leak detection and repair
    (quantifiable)
  • Metering with commodity rates for all new
    connections and retrofit of existing connections
    (quantifiable)
  • Large landscape conservation programs and
    incentives (quantifiable)

4
Overview/History (Cont.)
  • BMPs (Cont.)
  • High-efficiency clothes washing machine financial
    incentive programs (quantifiable)
  • Public information programs (non-quantifiable)
  • School education programs (non-quantifiable)
  • Conservation programs for commercial, industrial,
    and institutional (CII) accounts (quantifiable)
  • Wholesale agency assistance programs
    (non-quantifiable)

5
Overview/History (Cont.)
  • BMPs (Cont.)
  • Retail conservation pricing (quantifiable)
  • Water Conservation Coordinator (non-quantifiable)
  • Water waste prohibition (non- quantifiable)
  • Residential ULFT replacement programs
    (quantifiable)

6
Observed Trends
  • BMPs have worked well for about 17 years, but
    recent events are driving future conservation
    efficiency programs in California
  • Many conservation programs have relied heavily
    (or only) on public outreach and school education
  • Conservation technologies have diversified
  • Technologies are appropriate for some geographic
    areas and not for others (diversity)

7
Observed Trends (Cont.)
  • CUWCC is in the midst of a major revision of the
    MOU and BMPs in response to these various drivers
  • Lesson Learned Emphasis on increased flexibility
    for water agencies to design savings-based
    conservation programs, rather than the
    proscriptive widget counting approach used
    since 1991

8
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9
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10
Observed Trends (Cont.)
  • Analysis demonstrates the heavy focus that
    California water agencies have placed on
    residential indoor devices. Landscape and CII
    programs have not yet matched these efforts.
  • However, recent efforts in landscape and CII
    sectors have been increasing as efforts in indoor
    residential programs have begun to decrease.
  • Lesson Learned Programs like ULFT replacements
    are nearing saturation, plus passive savings from
    changes to State plumbing code have started to
    accumulate.

11
Overview/Drivers
  • California facing new and constant water
    shortages
  • Natural/Hydrologic Colorado River, Sierra Nevada
    (global warming-related)
  • Regulatory/Legal Endangered Species Act, Court
    Decisions
  • Increasing demands on infrastructure
  • State Water Project (major MI supplier) nearly
    50 years old, serves a larger population than
    expected
  • Continuing energy crisis
  • Increasing legislative focus on conservation
  • State Urban Water Management Planning Act
    requirements for description of progress in
    conservation activities required to qualify for
    State grant funding

12
Overview/Drivers (Cont.)
  • Water conservation (water use efficiency)
    policies, planning, technologies and practices
    are evolving rapidly
  • Many water agencies are promoting comprehensive
    long term water use efficiency planning
    Conservation Master Plans
  • Moving from a voluntary to a near-mandatory
    model recent State legislation

13
Overview/Drivers (Cont.)
  • Continued legislative focus as California
    wrestles with increased population and decreased
    water supplies current session contains at least
    four water conservation-related bills
  • Requirements for all new residential and
    commercial development building standards
  • Requirements for energy conservation programs to
    include a water conservation component, partner
    with water agencies
  • Allocation-based rate structures guidance
  • Requirements for a 20 gpcd reduction in overall
    State water demand, and individual agency
    reductions
  • in addition to requirements of bills chaptered
    in last two sessions

14
Impacts on Utilities
  • Water conservation is changing from
    behavior-based to hardware-based
  • Lesson Learned Hardware-based measures require
    more sophisticated technical analysis
  • Cost-effectiveness
  • Rate structure/pricing evaluations
  • Service area/customer sector saturation levels
    analysis
  • Industrial process evaluation
  • Landscape conservation techniques/equipment

15
Impacts on Utilities (Cont.)
  • Utility conservation staff often not technical
    staff
  • Technical staff may not be available for or
    inclined toward non-capital project work
  • Increased up-front staff costs for
    pre-implementation analysis
  • Implementation of measures more expensive as
    conservation programs get more aggressive

16
Summary
  • As water supplies in the West become more
    limited, more and more water agencies will be
    looking for conservation potential in all sectors
  • Flexibility in program components is needed to
    reflect differences in water agency service area
    characteristics
  • Low-hanging fruit programs, especially those
    associated with plumbing code changes and device
    standards, are those that should be implemented
    first least cost for highest savings
  • Rate structure evaluation, submetering,
    commercial/ industrial processes and uses,
    cooling retrofits and landscape sector will
    provide greatest savings, but will require more
    rigorous analysis and increased utility
    commitments

17
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