Complejidad Dia 8

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Complejidad Dia 8
UBA, Junio 21, 2012.
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• 1era parte
• Generalidades de brain imaging
• Brain imaging for hackers
• 2da Parte
• Fisica y fisiología de la señal BOLD.

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Brain imaging whole brain

• Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
• MRI estructural (MRI)
• Funcional MRI (fMRI)
• Functional connectivity MRI (fcMRI)
• Computed tomography (CT)
• Positron emission tomography (PET)
• EEG, MEG, SPECT, DTI,etc

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MRI estructural

• Essential in clinical care.
• Radiologists perform qualitative lightbox
  reads.
• Most psychiatric and neurological disorders are
  invisible to reading radiologists.

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Brain volume declines with age
Marcus et al., 2007
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Functional MRI f MRI

• fMRI where and when
• (in response).
• rfMRI at rest
• fcMRI functional connectivity

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Algo de lo que se viene enTecnologias
emergentes
fMRI
Amazon.com
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Tecnologias Emergentes quantitative
neuroradiology
India, Rafaela, Los Angeles

1. Quantitative analysis

1. fcMRI brain scan.

1. Doctor receives report.

1. Patient visits doctor. Doctor orders fcMRI.

1. Doctor makes dx. and plans treatment.

Quantitative report provides diagnostic measures,
guides treatment, assesses response.
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Tecnologias Emergentes digital lab on the
clouds
http//aws.amazon.com/ec2/
Amazon.com
Input Raw MRI scans
Output Quantitative reports
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(No Transcript)
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Aun masTecnologias Emergentes Patient-driven
care
Microsoft HealthVault
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Otro ejemploTecnologias Emergentes
patient-driven care
Google Health (prototype)
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Habrá algo, alguna vez, realmente nuevo?
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La primera coneccion entre flujo sanguineo y
actividad mental
Veber den Kreislauf des Blutes in Menschlichen
Gehirn (Concerning the circulation of the blood
in the human brain) Verlag von Viet Company
Leipzig, 1881
Inventor del primer ergografo para medir la
fuerza muscular
Angelo Mosso
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Monday noon, September 23, 1878
From Angelo Mosso (1881)
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(No Transcript)
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Brain imaging for hackers

• Get yourself some brain images
• Get yourself some brain analysis tools
• Discover something, invent something

From Daniel Marcus, PhD Director,
Neuroinformatics Research Group _at_ Washington
University School of Medicine
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Get your own brain scanned

• Buy a scanner and install it in your basement

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Get your own brain scanned

• Buy a scanner and install it in your basement
• Inflict severe brain injury

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Get your own brain scanned

• Buy a scanner and install it in your basement
• Inflict severe brain injury
• Volunteer for a study
• Contact local research centers
• Ask for your scans (Ive brought a blank CD with
  me. Will you please copy the DICOM files of my
  scans onto it?)

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Use open access data

• Neuron Neuron Database _at_ Yale Sense Lab
• Gene expression Allen Brain Atlas
• Structural MRI Open Access Structural Imaging
  Series (OASIS), mBIRN Data Repository
• Functional MRI fMRI Data Center, fBIRN Data
  Repository
• Functional connectivity MRI Brainscape

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oasis-brains.org
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brainscape.org
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Get yourself some tools
Slicer, Caret, AFNI, Freesurfer, SPM, FSL, ImageJ
Neuron ? Network ? Whole brain
Genesis Neuron
See also NITRC (http//www.nitrc.org/)
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Some unsolved problems

• Automated brain extraction
• How many networks are in the brain
• Methods for distinguishing differences between
  populations
• Predicting disease and aptitude
• Data sharing
• Individual differences in performance (gifted,
  savant)
• Neuroethics
• Deidentifying images
• Bridging the spatial divide
• Security and privacy
• Data mining

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Start hacking.