Bipolar Affective Disorder.

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Bipolar Affective Disorder.
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What Is Bipolar Disorder?

• Everyone has ups and downs in their mood.
• Bipolar disorder is a medical condition
• Mood swings people have are out of proportion, or
  unrelated to things going on in their life.

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• It typically manifests itself in adolescence or
  early adulthood.
• It is often difficult to diagnose.
• A number of genes have been identified that may
  be linked to bipolar disorder.

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What is the Cause of Bipolar Disorder?

• No single cause has been identified in bipolar
  disorder.
• Research suggests it be inherited.
• It is thought to be caused by a lack of stability
  in the transmission of nerve impulses in the
  brain.

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Symptoms of Bipolar Disorder.

• Mania increased energy and creativity, which
  easily escalates out of a person control.

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• lack of insight
• they may deny anything is wrong
• angrily blame others for what is happening
• feeling unusually high
• needing little sleep

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• talking very fast
• having racing thoughts
• being easily distracted
• having increased feelings of personal power and
  importance
• reckless behavior and poor judgement.

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• Hypomania symptoms are slightly less severe, as
  is the persons level of impairment.

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• Depression
• feeling sad
• having to much or to little sleep
• an increase or decrease in appetite and/or weight
• problems with concentration

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• feeling slowed down or agitated
• low self esteem
• decreased energy
• increased fatigue
• possibly thoughts of suicide or death.

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• mixed episode
• contains symptoms of both mania and depression.
• may present as excitable and agitated as in
  mania, but feel irritable and depressed.

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Patterns of Bipolar Disorder.

• The pattern of the illness varies quite a bit
• Mens first episode tends to be mania, While
  women tend to have a depressed episode first.
• mood changes may be mild or very severe.

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Treatment of Bipolar Disorder.

• Treatment occurs mainly in two phases.
• first is the acute phase.(may need
  hospitalisation)
• second phase is Preventative treatment.

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• Medication
• Mood stabilizers (Lithium, Epival, Tegretol,
  etc.)
• Anti anxiety (Ativan, Valium, etc.)
• Anti psychotic (Haldol, Risperidone, etc.)
• Anti depressants (Prozac, Effexor, etc.)

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• An extremely important part of therapy is good
  follow up.
• This includes
• working with a doctor
• keep taking their medication
• monitor sleep
• support form family and friends.