CST Review

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CST Review

• Ecology and Evolution

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Ecology Power Standards

• BI 6.a-Students know biodiversity is the sum
  total of different kinds of organisms and is
  affected by alterations of habitats.
• BI.6.b.-Students know how to analyze changes in
  an ecosystem resulting from changes in climate,
  human activity, introduction of nonnative
  species, or changes in population size.
• BI.6.c.-Students know how fluctuations in
  population size in an ecosystem are determined by
  the relative rates of birth, immigration,
  emigration, and death.
• BI.6.d.-Students know how water, carbon, and
  nitrogen cycle between abiotic resources and
  organic matter in the ecosystem and how oxygen
  cycles through photosynthesis and respiration
• BI 6.e-Students know a vital part of an ecosystem
  is the stability of its producers and
  decomposers.

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Ecology Power Standards Summary

• BI 6.a-Biodiversity is total number of different
  livings things in an area. Biodiversity is
  affected by changing habitats.
• BI.6.b-Changes in an ecosystem can be caused by
  changes in climate, human activity (pollution),
  introduction of nonnative species (snakes), or
  changes in population size (limiting factors).
• BI.6.c.-Changes in population size in an
  ecosystem can be caused by increased/decreased
  birth, immigration, emigration, and death rates.
• BI.6.d.-Water, carbon, and nitrogen cycle between
  abiotic (nonliving) resources and organic matter
  in the ecosystem. Oxygen cycles through
  photosynthesis (plants) and respiration (animals)
  in an ecosystem.
• BI 6.e-Producers and decomposers maintain the
  stability (balance) of ecosystems. How?

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Big IdeaEcologyLiving and nonliving factors
both make-up an ecosystem.

• Key Terms
• Ecology-The study of the interaction among living
  things, and between living things and their
  environments
• Ecosystem
• Biotic and abiotic factors

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Big IdeaEcology Living and nonliving factors
both make-up an ecosystem.

• Food chains and Food webs-flow of energy in an
  ecosystem.

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Carbon Cycle
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The Nitrogen Cycle
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Oxygen Cycle
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What are food chains?

• Owl
• Mouse
• Grasshopper
• Grass

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What are food webs?

• Food web-is a model that shows the complex
  network of feeding relationships and the flow of
  energy within an ecosystem.
• At each link some energy is stored by an organism
  and some is lost.
• The stability of an ecosystem depends on the
  producers.

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Big Idea Evolution

• is the theory that life has changed on Earth over
  long periods of time through a process called
  natural selection, where individuals with
  beneficial inherited traits produce more
  offspring than other individuals. This changes
  the frequency of the alleles in the gene pool.
  There is a broad range of evidence that supports
  evolutionary theory such as fossils, anatomical
  evidence, and genetic evidence.

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StandardsEvolution

• BI7. The frequency of an allele in a gene pool
  of a population depends on many factors and may
  be stable or unstable over time. As a basis for
  understanding this concept
• BI7. a. Students know why natural selection acts
  on the phenotype rather than the genotype of an
  organism.
• BI7. b. Students know why alleles that are lethal
  in a homozygous individual may be carried in a
  heterozygote and thus maintained in a gene pool.
• BI7. d. Students know variation within a species
  increases the likelihood that at least some
  members of a species will survive under changed
  environmental conditions.

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Standards SummaryEvolution

• BI7. The frequency of an allele in a gene pool
  of a population depends on many factors and may
  be stable or unstable over time. As a basis for
  understanding this concept
• BI7. a. Students know why natural selection acts
  on the phenotype rather than the genotype of an
  organism.
• Means NS acts on the physical or physiological
  traits of an individual.
• BI7. b. Students know why alleles that are lethal
  in a homozygous individual may be carried in a
  heterozygote and thus maintained in a gene pool.
• Means Lethal copies of genes (for
  homozygotes-have two copies of the gene) can be
  carried in the gene pool by heterozygotes.
• BI7. d. Students know variation within a species
  increases the likelihood that at least some
  members of a species will survive under changed
  environmental conditions.
• Means The more genetic variation a species has
  the better chance they will have of surviving a
  changing environment because atleast some
  individuals will have the characteristics needed
  to survive.

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StandardsEvolution

• BI8. Evolution is the result of genetic changes
  that occur in constantly changing environments.
  As a basis for understanding this concept
• BI8. a. Students know how natural selection
  determines the differential survival of groups of
  organisms.
• BI8. b. Students know a great diversity of
  species increases the chance that at least some
  organisms survive major changes in the
  environment.
• BI8. e. Students know how to analyze fossil
  evidence with regard to biological diversity,
  episodic speciation, and mass extinction.

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Standards SummaryEvolution

• BI8. Evolution is the result of genetic changes
  that occur in constantly changing environments.
  As a basis for understanding this concept
• BI8. a. Students know how natural selection
  determines the differential survival of groups of
  organisms.
• Means Survival of the fittest and the struggle
  for existence.
• BI8. b. Students know a great diversity of
  species increases the chance that at least some
  organisms survive major changes in the
  environment.
• Means The more variety of organisms there are in
  an environment the better the chances are that
  some organisms will survive any major
  environmental changes.
• BI8. e. Students know how to analyze fossil
  evidence with regard to biological diversity,
  episodic speciation, and mass extinction.
• Means Trend in fossil evidence show evolutionary
  patterns.

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What is natural selections role in evolution?

• Natural selection-mechanism by which individuals
  that have inherited beneficial adaptations
  produce more offspring on average than do other
  individuals.
• These adaptations occur over many generations in
  a population (descent with modification)

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How does natural selection drive evolution?

• Struggle for Existence-individuals within a
  species compete for common resources
• Survival of the Fittest- Individuals better
  suited for their environment reproduce more and
  have more offspring

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What are adaptations?

• The inherited characteristics that increase an
  organism chances of survival are called
  adaptations
• Natural selection results in changes of the
  inherited characteristics of a population

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Self-Assessment of Understanding

• For the standards you do not understand, research
  the terms and write an explanation of two
  standards in your own words.