Native American Planting Maize, from Folio 121 from Histoire Naturelles Des Indes

1
Native American Planting Maize, from Folio 121
from Histoire Naturelles Des Indes Maize
(corn), which was genetically engineered by
Native Americans in what is now Mexico some 7,000
years ago, became one of the staple food sources
for many Indian groups in North America. This
sixteenth-century illustration depicts
traditional Native American agricultural
practices and typical foods including corn,
squashes, and gourds. (The Pierpont Morogan
Library/Art Resource, New York)
2
A Carolina Indian Woman and Child, by John White
The artist was a member of the Raleigh
expedition of 1585. Notice that the Indian girl
carries a European doll, illustrating the
mingling of cultures that had already begun.
3
Carolina Indians German painter Philip Georg
Friedrich von Reck drew these Yuchi Indians in
the 1730s. The blanket and rifle show that trade
with the English settlers had already begun to
transform Native American culture.
4
Native American Women Planting Crops in Florida
by Jacques Le Moyne Jacques Le Moyne, an artist
accompanying the French settlement in Florida in
the 1560s, produced some of the first European
images of North American peoples. His depiction
of native agricultural practices shows the sexual
division of labor men breaking up the ground
with fish-bone hoes before women drop seeds into
the holes. But Le Moyne's version of the scene
cannot be accepted uncritically unable to
abandon a European view of proper farming
methods, he erroneously drew plowed furrows in
the soil.(John Carter Brown Library at Brown
University)
5
John White's drawings of Indians fishing John
White, an artist with Raleigh's 1585 expedition
(and later the governor of the ill-fated 1587
colony), illustrated three different fishing
techniques used by Carolina Indians to the left,
the construction of weirs and traps in the
background, spearfishing in shallow water and in
the foreground, fishing from dugout canoes. The
fish are accurately drawn and can be identified
today. (Trustees of the British Museum)
6
A Festival, painted by a German visitor to
Georgia A German visitor to Georgia painted this
watercolor of a Yuchi ceremony, which he titled A
Festival. The guns hanging inside the shelter
were probably acquired from English traders in
South Carolina. (Royal Library Copenhagen)
7
Bartholomew Gosnold Trading with Indians at
Martha's Vineyard, Theodor de Bry, 1634 This
picture shows one interpretation of a trading
session between the English and Native Americans.
Theodor de Bry was one of the first to include
such drawings in his accounts of the New World.
Previous works on the subject contained either no
illustrations or very crude ones. (Library of
Congress)
8
Jamestown vs. Powhatan Confederacy

• Captain John Smith claims to be saved by
  Pocahontas
• First Anglo-Powhatan War (1610-14) Lord De La
  Warr brings cruel tactics learned fighting Irish
• Second Anglo-Powhatan War (1644) failed attempt
  to dislodge Virginians
• disease, disorganization, and disposability doom
  the Powhatan Confederacy

9
Puritans Naragansett Indians vs. Pequots

• Pequot War of 1637 Pequots are virtually
  annihilated
• King Philips War (1675) Metacom forms a
  Pan-Indian alliance and mounts a series of
  coordinated assaults
• Metacoms wife and son are sold into slavery
• Metacom is captured, beheaded, drawn and
  quartered, and displayed