France and Britain Clash in America

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France and Britain Clash in America
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• England and France competing to be most powerful,
  fighting each other throughout world
• France controls Ohio River Valley, English
  colonists want it
• Fighting over resources
• English afraid the colonies will become
  surrounded

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Native Americans Take Sides

• French had many NA allies treated them better,
  lived with and respected ways, didnt take land
• Most NAs help French by attacking English
  settlements
• Iroquois Confederacy most powerful NA group, 5
  large tribes, control Great Lakes
• Iroquois side with English, throws off balance of
  power

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American Colonists Take Action

• Governor of VA sends young George Washington to
  Ohio River Valley to tell French to get out, they
  laugh at him
• Washington sent back with a militia- volunteer
  army, not well trained
• Told to build a fort where 3 rivers meet, gets
  there but French fort (Ft. Duquesne) already there

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• Wash. throws together small Ft. Necessary nearby
  and attacks
• Wash. loses, is captured, released, seen as a
  hero
• Meanwhile colonist unite to defend themselves and
  get help from Iroquois
• Ben Franklin creates the Albany Plan of Union
  but it doesnt pass, colonies wont give up
  individual power

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French and Indian War

• English colonists vs. French and Indians
• Early part of war-colonists getting butts kicked
• Britain sends army led by Gen. Edward Braddock to
  drive French out of Ohio R. V.
• Braddock takes forever (luxury stuff in wagons)
  and wears red in forest
• French/Indians attack from behind trees, Braddock
  and many killed, Washington leads survivors back
• Britain learns of defeat and declares war on
  France Seven Years War begins

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• Gen. William Pitt takes over, smart but runs up
  huge debt fighting the war
• Pitt wants to take over Ohio R. V. and wants to
  take over Canada
• His Generals are Amherst and Wolfe- they take
  over Ft. Duquesne, turns into Pittsburg

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The Fall of New France

• New France capital is Quebec- sat on top of a
  cliff
• Wolfe sneaks his troops up side path _at_ night,
  assembles on Plains of Abraham in front of city,
  French not prepared defeated

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Treaty of Paris

• France keeps West Indies but gives up Canada,
  Ohio R. Valley
• Spain (who helped France) gives up Florida, but
  gets Louisiana area
• N. America now split between England Spain

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Trouble on the Frontier

• NAs trade with us but consider us enemies
• Pontiac (NA chief) brings tribes together to
  fight colonists
• Captured fort Detroit kills settlers all over
  Great Lakes area known as Pontiacs War

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• England wants to protect colonists
• Proclamation of 1763 colonists not allowed to
  settle west of Appalachian Mtns
• Colonists not happy first of many problems with
  England