7 Characteristics of Living Things

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7 Characteristics of Living Things
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COMPOSED OF CELLS

• All living things are made up of at least one
  cell
• Cell
• Basic or smallest unit
• of life
• Membrane bound structure in which all life
  processes are carried out

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CELLS
All organisms are organized at the cellular
level This organization enables
organisms to carry out important life processes.
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REACT AND RESPOND TO STIMULI

• Stimulus is anything that may cause an organism
  to react - Loud noises, hunger
• Response - the reaction to something in the
  environment - Run/cover ears, Eat/hunt for food

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• Environment All the surroundings of an
  organism
• Homeostasis maintaining a stable internal
  environment

• Adaptation
• Change in traits over time that help an
  organism survive better in an environment
  inheritable changes

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REPRODUCE

•   Asexual single parent produces offspring
  identical to parent
•   Sexual 2 parents produce unique offspring
  having characteristics or traits of each parent

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Contain DNA Deoxyribonucleic Acid

• Genetic material that contains the
  blueprints for each organism
• Provides directions for the making of proteins

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OBTAIN USE ENERGY

• Required to carry out life processes- making and
  breaking down food, movement of materials and
  building of cells
• Metabolism the sum of all the chemical
  processes in an organism

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METABOLISMThe Sum of All Biochemical Processes

• Obtain Nutrition
• Sun is the source of
• most energy
• Producers - Make food
• Consumers - Eat
• Decomposers Absorb
• 2. Digestion Break down of large food particles
  into smaller pieces

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• Respiration Mixing food with oxygen (O2) to
  release energy
• Food O2 H2O Waste
• Energy
• Synthesis Process of putting together or
  building up
• Making more cells Growth
• Repair of Replace old cells
• Excretion removal of wastes

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GROWTH DEVELOPMENT

• GROWTH the increase in size of an organism

• Surface to volume ratio limits how large a cell
  can grow

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Growth in Single-Celled Organisms

• In single-celled organisms growth occurs by an
  increase in cell size
• Cell can either stay big or divide

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Growth in Multi-celled Organisms

• In multi-celled organisms growth occurs by
  production of new cells
•    Increases the total number of cells in the
  organism
•    Increases total surface to volume ratio

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Surface to Volume

• Volume

Surface area
Volume
O2 , Food
H2O
Wastes
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DEVELOPMENT

• Development All the changes an organism
  undergoes as it grows and matures 

•   Newborn puppies cant see at birth
•    Human babies develop the ability to speak and
  walk

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LIFE SPAN
All organisms, and individual cells, have a
specific life span Includes Birth Death

• Stages in Human Life Cycle
• Birth ? Infancy ? Childhood ? Adolescence ?
  Adulthood ?
• Advanced Adulthood ? Death

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4 Basic Needs of All Living Things
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Food

• Needed to provide Energy to carry out life
  processes
• Ultimate source of energy is the sun
• Can get food as a producer, consumer or
  decomposer
• Provides raw materials for growth and repair

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Water

• Cells contain 70 water
•    Needed to release energy in food and for
  other biochemical reactions
•    Required for transporting materials
  throughout organism
•   Helps with dissolving or diluting waste
  products

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Air or Gases

•    Carbon Dioxide (CO2) required for
  photosynthesis - converting of energy from sun
  into food (glucose) organisms can use
•    Oxygen (O2) required for respiration-
  releasing of energy from food (glucose) into
  energy organism can use
•    Other gases are needed in smaller amounts for
  various life processes not required by all
  organisms

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Environment
Biotic - living parts other organisms that meet
all 7 characteristics Living things may have to
compete for their living space

• Abiotic-non-living parts physical features such
  as air, water, temperature (climate)
• Must contain all the needs for that organism to
  survive

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