TOTALITARIAN%20DICTATORS%20Lecture

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TOTALITARIANDICTATORS Lecture
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Five Freedoms

• Create THREE columns on a sheet of paper with the
  following headings
• Five freedoms I have
• Five rights or freedoms that are restricted at
  school
• The reasons for the restrictions (Think why are
  you restricted from certain activities and who
  does the restricting?)

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Five Freedoms

• Pair Up
• Share what you came up with
• Share
• Lets list some of your input on the board

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Whats the Difference?

• Authoritarian

• Totalitarian

• Having total control over the lives of the
  people.

• Having control, but not total control, over the
  lives of the people.

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Authoritarian vs. Totalitarian

• Authoritarian Authority
• Totalitarian Total
• What type of governance does a school have?
• What actions would have to occur for a school to
  move from authoritarian governance to
  totalitarian governance?

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FAILURE OF VERSAILLES

• The peace settlement that ended World War I
  (Versailles Treaty) failed to provide a just and
  secure peace as promised
• Instead Germany grew more resentful of the treaty
  they felt was too harsh and too punitive
• This unrest gave rise to an era of Dictators

The Versailles Treaty (above on crutches) took a
beating in the U.S. and abroad
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Totalitarianism

• A country headed by a DICTATOR (one person)
• One POLITICAL PARTY rules
• Individuals have little power, freedom or rights.
  
• The government CONTROLS ALL ASPECTS of life
  including religion, speech, media and art
• No INDIVIDUAL privacy or FREEDOM
• Came to power after WW I.

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Criteria of Totalitarian Regimes

• I saw a little boy, perhaps ten years old,
  driving a huge carthorse along a narrow path,
  whipping it whenever it tried to turn. It struck
  me that if only such animals became aware of
  their strength we should have no power over
  them
• George Orwell

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Criteria of Totalitarian Regimes

• Germany, the Soviet Union, and Italy had
  dictatorships that were unique in the history of
  the world. They went beyond mere dictatorships.
  They were totalitarian dictatorships.
• Their control went beyond traditional,
  authoritarian dictatorships and monarchies.

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Criteria of Totalitarian Regimes

• Totalitarian dictatorships wanted total control
  over the lives of their people.
• How did these totalitarian governments achieve
  this kind of control?
• Dictators used 8 methods to gain total control
  over their people.
• Just as the boy controlled the horse, dictators
  were able to control people using the following
  strategies

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Criteria of Totalitarian Regimes

• Indoctrination
• Propaganda
• Censorship
• Terror
• Charisma

• One Party Rule
• Economic Control
• Extreme Nationalism

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Say, Mean, Matter

• As we go through each criteria of Totalitarian
  regimes, complete your lecture guide as follows
• What does it say? (Read the definition and
  underline important phrases.)
• What does it mean? (Put definition into your own
  words.)
• Why does it matter? (Explain why principle is
  important in totalitarian states.)

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Say, Mean, Matter

• Indoctrination

• Propaganda

• To teach people to accept a system of beliefs
  (thoughts) without questioning.

• Using newspapers, magazines, radio, speeches, and
  movies to give people a one sided message.

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"Es lebe Deutschland! means Long Live
Germany!
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Say, Mean, Matter

• Censorship

• Terror

• The removal of anything objectionable to or
  critical of the ruling party.

• The use of violence or the threat of violence to
  produce fear so that people will obey the state.

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Examples of the use of terror to enforce the will
of the Totalitarian slave labor camps in USSR,
Mussolinis Secret Police, and the Holocaust in
Germany
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Say, Mean, Matter

• Charisma

• One Party Rule

• A quality about a leader that makes people eager
  to follow him or her.

• Only one political party is allowed to exist. It
  has complete power.

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Say, Mean, Matter

• Economic Control

• Extreme Nationalism

• The state decides what will be made and sold.

• The belief by a group of people that their
  country is better than any other country.

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• TYPES OF TOTALITARIAN LEADERS
• Fascist Totalitarian
• Nazi Totalitarian
• Communist Totalitarian
• Militarist Totalitarian

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FASCIST TOTALITARIAN

• Political movement that consists of strong,
  centralized government headed by powerful
  dictator
• Emphasized the state over individuals
• Protect private property but control production
• Fascists hate communists and democracies.
• One political party fascist

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• Benito Mussolini
• Italy -Fascist Totalitarian

"Everything within the state, nothing against
the state, nothing outside the state." The masses
should only "believe, obey and fight." Mussolini
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• Francisco Franco
• Spain -Fascist Totalitarian

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NAZI TOTALITARIAN

• Emphasis on racism
• Political Party Nazis
• Note Hitlers Germany was also Facist

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Hitler Germany- Nazi Totalitarian
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COMMUNIST TOTALITARIAN

• Collective ownership centralized state planning
• One party system - communist
• Feared fascist dictators

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• Joseph Stalin
• USSR -Communist Totalitarian

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Militarist TOTALITARIAN

• Strong military
• Economy supports increasing size and strength of
  military
• Aggressive Expansionism
• Aggressive militaristic actions (atrocities in
  war)
• Revered by the people Godlike
• Extreme nationalism

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Emperor Hirohito Hideki Tojo
Hideki Tojo, Military Leader of Japan

• Japan had an emperor, but the military took
  control of the government
• Emperor Hirohito could not stand up to the
  powerful generals, but he was worshipped by the
  people, who often fought in his name
• Industrialization of Japan, lending to a drive
  for raw materialsspurs aggressive expansion

Hirohito, Emperor of Japan