?????? (Herbs).

1
????? ???????? ?????????
???? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ???
?????? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ???????.
????????? ??????? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ?????????
?? ??????. ??? ??? ???? ???????? ?????????
????? ?????? ????????? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ????
?? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ???? ????????
???????? ???. ??????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??? ???????
???????? ???????? ??? ?????? ???????? ??? ???
??????? ???????? ?? ????? ????????? ???? ???? ???
???? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ????????
??????????? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? (?????)
?? (?????).
2
??????? ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ????? ??????
???? ???? ?????? (Herbs). ??????? ???? ?????
??? ????? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ????
?? ??? ?????? ???? ????? Vine ???? ???? ??????
????? Liana. ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????
???? ????? ??? ?????? Shrubs ?? ????? Trees.
3
??????? ??????? Botanical Classification

• ???? ????????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ???
  ???????
• ?????? ????? 380 ?.? ??? ????? ??????? ??????.
• ?? ??? ??? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ???????
  ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ????????.
• ??? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????
  ??? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ???????
  ???????
• ??????? ????????? Thallophyta
• ??????? ????????Bryophyta   
• ??????? ???????? Pteridophyta 
• ??????? ??????? Spermaphyta
•  

4
??????? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????????
?????? ??? ????? ????? ??????
Gymnosperm ??????? ????? 700 ?? ??????? ????? ???
?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ???????
???????? ?? ??????. ??? ??? ??????? ???? ?????
?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ????????
?????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ???????
???????. ????? ?????? Angiosperm ???? ????
??? 250 ??? ????? ??? ??????? ?????????? ?????
??? ??? ???????? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ??????
??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???????
5
??? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?? ??????
???? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?????
????? ????? ???? ?????? ???????
Monocotyledonous ?????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ???
?????? ????? ????? ???????. ???? ????????
Dicotyledonous ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????
?????? ??????????.
6
??????? ???????? Horticultural classification

• ???? ??????? ????????? ????? ???? ??????? ??
  ?????????? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ??? ????
  ????? ?????? ??
• ??????? Fruits
• ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ??
  ????????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ??????
  ??? ?????
• ????? ??????? ??????
• Evergreen Fruit tree
• ????? ??????? ???????
• Deciduous Fruit tree

7
????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????. ????
????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ???????
??????? ????????? ?????? ???????. ?????? ????
?????? ??? ????? ????? ????????? ??????????
???????? ????? Small Fruit ??? ??????? ??? ???
??? ????? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ?????
?????? ????? ???? ??? ???????. ???? ???????
Blueberry ???? ??? ?????? ????? ????????? ????
??? ????? ?????.
8

• ????? Vegetables
• ????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??????
• ????? ?? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ???????
• ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????
• 1- ??????? ????????
• ????????? ????? ?????? ?????????.
• ????????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ???? ??????.
• ????????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ????????.
• ???????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????.
• ???????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ???????.
• ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ????????? ????????
  ????????.

9

• 2- ??????? ???????
• ???????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????
  ??????? ??????.
• ???????? ??????? ????? ???????.
• ???????? ??????? ????? ????? ??????.

10
3- ???? ?????? (??????? ??? ?????? ????????
??????????)  ???????? ???? ???? ???????
???????? ?????????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???????
????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????.
????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ???????
?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????????
??? ???
11

• ?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??????? Lawns
• ??? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ??????
  ????????.
• ?????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? Green Cover
• ??? ????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ???????.
• ????? ?????? ?? ?????
• ??? ????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ?????????
  ?????? ????? ???????.
• ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????.
• ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????
• ??? ?????? ??????.

12
?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ????
?? ???????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ????????
??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????
??????. ???? ??? ???????? ????? ?????? ???????
?????? ??? ????? ??? ???????? ??????? ??????
?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?????????
????? ??????.
13
???????? ???????? ??????? ???? ????? ????????
?????? ??? ???? ?????? Para Rubber tree ???????
????? ??? ????? ????? Sweet Gum ????? ???? ????
??? ??? ??????? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ???
????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ?????
??? ?? ??????
14
??????? ?????? Ecological classification
???? ??????? ????? ??? ??????? ???????? ??????
???? ???? ???? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????????
??????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ???????
?????? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ????
??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ???????
?????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????????? ??????
????????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??
????? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????
???????
15
?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ?????
??????? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ????????? ?????
?????? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ???? ???
??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ????
???? ????? ?????? ?????. ?????? ??????? ???????
????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ????????
???????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????????
16
??????? (?? ???????) ??????? Climatic
Classification
????? ??? ???????? ???????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??
?????? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ??????
????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ??
????????. ???????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??
???????? ????????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?????
???? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???? Macroclimate ?????
??? Microclimate
17

• ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???
• ???????? ?????????? Tropical Zone
• ??? ????? ???????? ???? ????? ????? ?????
  ???????? ?????? ???????
• ???? ??????? ??? ?? ???????? ??? ?? ??? 20
  ?????? ??????.
• ?????? ??????? ??? ??????????Zone  Sub-tropical
• ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??????
  ???????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ???????
• ???? ??????? ??? ??? ??? 20 ? 30 ?????? ???????.
  

18

• ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????? Warm Temperate
  Zone  
• ??? ????? ???????? ???? ????? ????? ????????
  ??????? ??????
• ???????? ??????? ????????
• ???? ??? ??????? ???? ??????? ????? ????????
  ??? ??? 30 ?40 ?????? ???????
• ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ?????????
  ?????????? ??? (????? ????????
• ????????? ???????) ???? ???? ???????? ?? ????
  ?????? ????????
• ????? ???? ?? ??????.
• ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????Cold temperate
  Zone  
•   ??? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ????
  ???? ?????? ?????? ?????
• ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ????????
  ??????? ?????? ???????
• ????????? ??????? ???? ????? ?????
• ???? ??????? ??? ??? ??? 40 ?60 ??????
  ??????? ?? ???? ???????
• ???????? ???????.

19
??????? (???????) ??? ???? ????? Growth Cycle

• ???? ???????? ????????? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ?????
  ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????
  ????? ??? ?? ???
• ???????? ??????? Annual Plants
• ????? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ??
  ????? ?????? ???
• ??? ?????? ??? ???????? ???? ??? ???? ?????
  ???? ?? ????? ???
• ????? ??? ??? ??? ???????
•   ?????? ?????? (???) ??????? ????? ??????
  ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ?????.
• ????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ???.
• ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ??????
  ??? ???? ?????? ???????? ??
• ??????? ?????????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????
  ???? ?????.

20

• ???????? ?????? ????? Biennial plants
• ?????? ?????? ??? ???????? ???????? ????
  ????? ??? ????? ???????? ??
• ??? ????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ????
• ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????
  ???? ???? ????????
• ??????? ????? ??? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ????
  ??? ???
• ?? ???? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ??
  ????? ???? ?????? ??????
• ????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??????
• ????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????
  ???? ????? ?? ????? ??????
• ??? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ???
  ???? ???? ????? ?????? ???????
• ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ???????
  ?????? ?????? ?????.

21

• ???????? ??????? Perennial Plants
• ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ????
  ??? ??????? ??????? ??
• ???? ???????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????????
  ??????? ??????? ?? ?????
• ?? ????? ?????
• ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???????
  ???????? ????????? ?? ??????
• ????? ???????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ???
  ????? ??????
• ??????? ??????? Herbaceous Perennials
  ????????.
• ????????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????
  ????? ?????
• woody perennial species

22
????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????? ???? ???????
??????? (??????)?????? ???? ???? ????? ???
????? Trees ??? ??? ???? ??? ????? ?????
??????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ???? ????? ???????
??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ?????
???????. ???????? Shrubs ????? ???? ????
??????? ?????? (???????) ?????? ?? ??? ??????
????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?? ????? ????? ???
??????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ??
????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?????
??? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????. ????????? Vine
???? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ?????
??? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ????????
????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??? ??? ?? ????
????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??? ??????
????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ???????? ????? ???
??????? ??????? ?????????.