AIMS and OBJECTIVES

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AIMS and OBJECTIVES
TO BUILD A SIMPLE PowerPoint PRESENTATION. To
encourage its use in the classroom. THE CONTENT
OF SLIDES TO OUTLINE A MANAGEMENT APPROACH TO
DESIGNING AND REPORT WRITING. SLIDES MAY BE USED
AS BOTH A LEARNING RESOURCE FOR STUDENTS (a self
learning tool) AND A TEACHING AID FOR TEACHERS.
Presented by P.Byrne
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FOLDERS, REPORTS and FOLIO WRITING
FORTECHNOLOGICAL SUBJECTS

• Front cover to include subject, level and year.
• Contents page
• Design loop.
• Analysis of Brief.
• Investigation of solutions
• Design Solution.
• Criteria for selection of solution.
• Production and Drawings / Plans.
• Testing and Evaluation
• Neat Presentation.

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Analysing of Brief Tease out and expand on
given Brief, specify requested requirements but
also include new requirements particular to the
individual item under design.
What has it to do What has it to look like. Other
requirements.
Individuals own creative input. Break down
Brief. Support the brief.
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DESIGN LOOP
Design Brief
Test
Specification
Modify
Make
Research
Drawings
Ideas
Review
Model
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• Common Errors
• (Folders)
• Students include unnecessary details such as the
  theoretical descriptions of common workshop
  tools.
• Downloaded information from Internet without any
  attempt at analysis.
• No need for long descriptions of processes used.
• No worthwhile analysis of brief.
• No investigations of possible solutions.
• No planning. No reasons given for selection.

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• Common Errors. Continued.
• Final design appears without any evidence of any
  process of thought.
• No testing with honest results.
• No evaluation.
• Poor overall presentation of booklet.
• Drawings to a poor standard.
• No working drawings with dimensions.

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WHY A DESIGN FOLDER

• COMMUNICATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF IDEAS.
• Ideas must be researched, developed, tested,
  modeled, modified and recorded before the right
  solution is found.
• A large percentage of final mark is allocated to
  the folder
• A management structure, record of activities.

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MAKING THE FOLDER.

• PORTRAIT OR LANDSCAPE
• METHOD OF BINDING
• SKETCHES
• DTP or Word processing.
• CAD.
• Page Titles.

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PROJECT DEVELOPMENT

• Try to think of as many ideas as you can
• Do not just develop your first idea.
• Try to think of at least three ideas
• Outline three advantages and three
  disadvantages for each.
• Record all ideas (write sketch) and develop
  them further by sketches.

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Technological Factors.

• Appropriate materials
• Suitable construction.
• Durability to withstand use.
• Cost.
• Form and function.
• Function no longer rules over form.

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ARTISTIC FACTORS.

• Taste is influenced
• upbringing, personal environment.
• Exposure to various media,
• advertising, TV, magazines.
• Fashion.

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APPEARANCE
Good proportions. Strength / weight
ratio. Colour. Feel / Touch. Finish. Quality of
Material Shape / Sturdiness.
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INVESTIGATION
Make a list of all things you feel the product
should have.
BRAINSTORM
WHAT MUST THE PRODUCT DO OR HAVE?
RESEARCH TYPES ALREADY AVAILABLE
Establish their positive factors.
Find out everything you can about each factor.
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ANALYSIS

• What will it do?
• Where will it be used?
• Who will use it?
• When will it be used?
• Why will it be used?
• How will it affect people using it?
• What must it demonstrate?

Scatter or bubble chart.
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DESIGN SPECIFICATION
LIST OF WHAT THE FINAL PRODUCT MUST DO OR HAVE.

• The list or spec. is derived from
• The Brief. Weight / strength
  ratios.
• Investigations. Constraints.( Limits of
  size)
• Research Environmental factors
• Dimensional limitations. Visibility.
• Aesthetics. Maintenance needs.
  ANALYSIS

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THE SPECIFICATION
LIST OF FACTORS
WHAT THE PRODUCT MUST DO OR HAVE.
RESEARCH HOW BEST YOU CAN CREATE THESE FACTORS
FROM MEANS ALREADY AVAILABLE.
ANALYSIS OF THESE FACTORS
FINAL SPECIFICATION
COMMON TO ALL DESIGNS SPECIFIC TO YOUR INDIVIDUAL
DESIGN.
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COMMON TO ALL SPECS

• Safety.
• Finish.
• Quality.
• Appearance.
• Maintenance.
• Ergonomics.
• Service Life.
• Cost.
• Constraints requested.

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Technological Subjects.

• Engineering.
• Construction Studies
• Materials Technology (Wood)
• Technology

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GATHERING INFORMATION

• Experimentation weighing, lifting,measuring
  data. (identify aims and collect results)
• Surveys people expectations, popularity of
  products.
• Reading.
• Internet Make sure analysis is carried out.
• Contact manufacturing companies.

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FINDING IDEAS

• CONCEPT SKETCHES.
• IDEA SHEETS (Explore possibilities and develop
  ideas)
• PRODUCTS ALREADY EXISTING.

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COMMUNICATING IDEAS

• Written information.
• Diagrams
• Sketches
• Drawings.
• Computer graphics
• Desk Top Publishing.
• Models and Prototypes.
• Digital images.

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MODELS or PROTOTYPES

• Cardboard, cereal boxes, matches, straws.
• Styrofoam.
• Modelling woods Balsa or Jelutong are good for
  prototype building.
• No material to be cut without appropriate
  approved model. (Teacher Intervention).

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DEVELOPMENT OF IDEAS.
CARDBOARD MOCK UPS.
Consult with Teacher.
REFLECT AND REVIEW.
MECHANICAL MOVEMENT. ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT DESIGNS
DECIDE, RECHECK BRIEF AND SPECIFICATION
SKETCH AND REVIEW.
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DRAWINGS

• ALTERATIONS.
• MANUFACTURE
• ALTERATIONS
• ADJUST WORKING DRAWINGS
• MODIFICATIONS (FINAL).

• FROM FINAL PROTOTYPE
• CONSULTATION WITH TEACHER.
• WORKING DRAWINGS.
• CUTTING LIST.

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REASONS FOR SELECTIONOFDESIGNSOLUTION
CRITERIA
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Oooh, it could work better if !
Check if change is really necessary?
Is it a sensible change?
Is there enough time to change?
Consult Teacher.
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FINAL EVALUATION

• How it compares to original intention
• Does it solve the original problem
• What it looks like
• How well it operates
• Manufacturing cost
• How it could be improved.
• Safety!

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REMEMBER
EVEN THE BEST PRODUCT CAN BE IMPROVED.
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PROJECT
HAZING DUE TO EXCESSIVE USE OF ADHESIVES POOR
STRENGTH / WEIGHT RATIOS POOR ATTENTION TO
SAFETY NO ACCESS FOR MAINTENANCE /
REPLACEMENT. UNNECESSARY RECYLING. DIMENSIONAL
LIMIT AND CONSTRAINTS NOT OBSERVED. UNTIDY
CIRCUITS / POOR CONNECTIONS.
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PROJECT
POOR STABILITY. POOR BALANCE. POOR PROPORTIONS
(Length to width) POOR FINISH ON INDIVIDUAL PARTS
(Quality of Work) OVERALL APPEARANCE POOR. Low
level of Skills applied. Material used too heavy,
too flexible, Opaque. Body too heavy for selected
drive. Light fixings where more robust were
needed. Heavy screws holding light material.
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CONCLUSIONS
A TIME plan is necessary. Sketches, scribbles,
scatter charts lead to solutions. Discuss with
your TEACHER (regularly). Simplicity is often
most effective. No prototype No make. Test any
circuits on breadboards firstly. Neatness and
care pay.
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