Title: Ch. 7 Early China Lesson 6: The Qin (Chihn) and the Han (Hahn) Dynasties
1Ch. 7 Early ChinaLesson 6 The Qin (Chihn)and
the Han (Hahn) Dynasties
Have out your China Packet
2Objectives
- 6.35 List the policies and achievements of the
emperor Shi Huang and explain how these
contributed to the unification of northern China
under the Qin Dynasty and the construction of the
Great Wall of China. (H, P) - 6.36 Detail the political contributions of the
Han Dynasty and determine how they contributed to
the development of the imperial bureaucratic
state and the expansion of the empire. (H, P) - 6.37 Cite the significance of the trans-Eurasian
silk roads in the period of the Han Dynasty and
Roman Empire and their locations. (E, G, H) - 6.38 Describe the diffusion of Buddhism northward
to China during the Han Dynasty
3The Qin Emperor
- Qin (chihn) was one of the strong rulers during
the Period of the Warring States - Qin sent a cavalry army of men on horseback
out to battle - Defeated the surrounding territories and ended
the Zhou dynasty - Controlled China from the Huang He to the Chang
Jiang - Declared himself Qin Shi huangdi
- (Chihn Shee hwahng dee)
- means the First Qin Emperor
4How Did Qin Change China?
- Qin brought changes to Chinese government that
would last for many centuries - 1)Qin wanted to strengthen and unify China
- 2) He took control of the territories (before,
under the Zhou rule, aristocrats positions of
governing the territories was hereditary) - Now only Qin had the power to appoint the
governors - Ruled with absolute control and punishment
- Anyone who disagreed was punished and killed
- Writings that displeased Qin were burned
5Qin Shi Huangdis Reign of Terror
- Many people admired Confucius and his teachings.
- If you were caught studying his ideas, you would
risk being buried alive along with your family! - This means he believed in which philosophy of
life? - Legalism all should follow strict rules that
have severe penalties if broken - Why? Just because you didnt share the emperors
political view. - How is that different from a democracy? (the
government of the U.S.?
63) Appointed Censors
- AKA governors
- This increased government power
- These overseers made sure government workers did
their work
74) Qin created currency or moneythat everyone
had to use standardized.
- Created a uniform system
- This made trading easier throughout China
85) Writing system was simplified
- Scholars were hired to make the writing system
easier - and set rules for writing system how and when
it was to be used
96) Building projects
- Ordered farmers to build
- Palaces
- Roads
- Dams
- The Great Wall
- A huge, grand canal that connected the Chang
Jiang River in central China to many territories
in southern China - This canal was used to transport supplies to
soldiers throughout the territories - Qins tomb
10Shi Huangdi Qins Tomb
- In March of 1974, Chinese peasants digging a well
near Xi'an in the central province of Shaanxi
found some unusual pottery fragments. Then,
deeper down at eleven feet, they unearthed a head
made of terra cotta (baked earth or clay). They
notified the authorities and excavation of the
site began immediately. To date, workers have dug
up about eight thousand sculpted clay soldiers,
and the site has proved to be one of the greatest
archaeological discoveries of all time.
11Terra Cotta Soldiers
12Grand Canal
- Shi Huangdi Qin built a canal that connected
Chang Jiang to the Guangzhou in Southern China
13Why was the Great Wall Built?
- To keep out invaders
- Nomads and herders moved their animals along the
Gobi desert - Xiongnu skilled warriors who fought on
horseback and often attacked Chinese settlements
14The Great Wall of China Facts
- The Great Wall of China was built over about 2000
years by several different Chinese emperors,
starting in BC 475, to protect the people from
their enemies, the Huns. - The Wall is a unique structure that is considered
one of the seven wonders of the world. It snakes
through the mountains of China for 4,500 miles.
That's longer than the distance across from New
York to California by about 1,000 miles! - The Great Wall is 25 feet tall and 15-30 feet
wide. That's wide enough for two cars to drive
on!
15The Great Wall Facts
- The Ming Dynasty's rebuilding made it more
elaborate with watchtowers, battlements and
cannons. Leading the great wall to additional
protection of the people. - Ancient records show that more than 300,000
soldiers and 500,000 commoners worked to build
it. That's about the same as the population of
San Francisco! - http//www.airpano.ru/files/China-Great-Wall/2-2
- http//www.panoramas.dk/7-wonders/great-wall.html
16The End of Qin Rule
- Shi Huangdi boasted that his dynasty would rule
China forever - Both aristocrats and farmers revolted against
harsh Qin rule
17The Han Dynasty
- pp. 186-191
- Order of Chinese Dynasties
- _____
- _____
- _____
- _____
18Han Rulers
- 1) In 202 B.C. Liu Bang founded the Han Dynasty
- Liu (Lyoo) Bang was a farmer turned soldier
- Started the Han Dynasty that lasted 400 years
192) Han Wudi the first strong Han emperor
- Ruled from 141 B.C.-87 B.C.
- Recruited people for civil service
- People were chosen on the basis of competitive
tests - Raised the quality of government
- Favored the rich-only rich could afford education
20Education
- Han created schools
- Studied law, history, and ideas of Confucius
- Well respected because of education
21The Empire Expands
- Population rose to 60 million
- Farmers sold land and became tenant farmers
- Han Empire took new territory
- Conquered Korea, Southeast Asia, northern India
- Then, Chinese had peace for 150 years
22Han Culture
- Ideas of Confucius gained influence after the
fear of Shi Huangdis legalism faded - Filial piety became strong
- Stability of government strengthen family ties
23Chinese Inventions
24Waterwheels
- Millers invented waterwheels to grind grain
25Wheelbarrow
- Wheelbarrow-used to carry heavy material
-
26Silk Manufacturing with devices
27Paper
- Paper used first for wrapping and then writing
- Like the Egyptian papyrus, provided a way to keep
written records
28Toilet Paper
- Also invented toilet paper
29Sailing inventions
- Rudder and a new way to move the sails of ships
- With these inventions, ships could sail against
the wind
30Medical Advances
- Certain foods prevented disease
- Used herbs to treat illnesses
31Acupuncture
- Acupuncture-relieved pain by piercing patients
skin at vital points with thin needles - Renews the body by increasing flow of energy
32On the Silk Road
- During the Han period, Chinese traders grew rich
by sending expensive goods around the world - Silk
- Jade
- Cast Iron goods
- Peaches pears
- All the inventions
- From this lesson
33New Contacts with the West
- Chinas trade increased as a result of
exploration - Zhang Qian (Jahng chyehn) explored areas west of
China - Found horses
- Han Wudi wanted horses for soldiers
- In exchange for horses, Chinese traded silk
34Trade expands
- Silk road was not one road. It was a network of
trade routes - 4,000 miles long
- Stretched from China to Mediterranean Sea
35Goods Traded
- Horses, silk, spices, fruits, vegetables,
flowers, and grains, peaches, pears, cotton,
paper etc - https//www.youtube.com/watch?vvfe-eNq-Qyg
- 10 mins
36The Golden Age
- The Han Dynasty the Golden Age for China
- Why is it called this?
- Any time a civilization experiences _____
- Then, it will be called ____________.
37Buddhism Reaches China
- Silk Road spread knowledge, culture, and
religions. gt Cultural Diffusion at its best - Buddhism spread along Silk Road from India to
China
38Why Did the Han Dynasty Collapse?
- Weak and dishonest emperors
- Corrupt officials
- People began to rise up and rebel against Han
rulers - Civil war divided China
- Remained divided for 400 years
39Buddhism Wins Followers
- Civil War frightened many Chinese
- Many people turned to Buddhist ideas
- Followers of Confucius and Daoists admired
Buddhist ideas - By A.D. 400s Buddhism became one of Chinas major
religions
40Review You Construct a Quiz
- Write 3 multiple choice questions involving what
your team thinks are the 3 most important facts
from todays lesson. - Answer choices
- 1 answer choice that is correct.
- 1 answer that is almost correct, but not the best
answer. - 1 answer that is on topic, but not correct.
- 1 answer that is off topic and totally wrong.
- Write the answers on a separate sheet of paper.
- Explain each answer choice.
- Give a title to your quiz
- Write your period and team name in the top right
hand corner. - Wait quietly for further instructions.