LESSONS%20LEARNED%20FROM%20PAST%20NOTABLE%20DISASTERS%20PART%20III%20B:%20CHINA

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LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS PART
III B CHINA TYPHOONS

Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster
Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA 
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NATURAL HAZARDS THAT PLACE CHINAS COMMUNITIES AT
RISK
FLOODS
GOAL DISASTER RESILIENCE
TYPHOONS
EARTHQUAKES
ENACT AND IMPLEMENT POLICIES HAVING HIGH
BENEFIT/COST FOR COMMUNITY RESILIENCE
LANDSLIDESS
ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION
GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE
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CHINAS COMMUNITIES
DATA BASES AND INFORMATION
HAZARDS GROUND SHAKING GROUND FAILURE
SURFACE FAULTING TECTONIC DEFORMATION TSUNAMI RUN
UP AFTERSHOCKS
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TOWARDS TYPHOON DISASTER RESILIENCE
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MAP OF CHINAS PROVINCES
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TYPHOONS

• CHINA IS AT RISK FROM TROPICAL STORMS AND
  TYPHOONS FORMING EVERY YEAR IN THE PACIFIC OCEAN
  AND THE SOUTH CHINA SEA

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CAUSES OF DAMAGE
WIND PENETRATING BUILDING ENVELOPE
UPLIFT OF ROOF SYSTEM
FLYING DEBRIS
STORM SURGE
TYPHOONS
IRREGULARITIES IN ELEVATION AND PLAN
DISASTER LABORATORIES
SITING PROBLEMS
FLOODING AND LANDSLIDES
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20O5S TYPHOON MATSA(second of eight to make
landfall in China in 2005)

• Matsa made landfall late on August 5 near
  Yuhuan in the southern region of Zhejiang
  Province.

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STORM TRACK OF MATSA AUGUST 2005
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IMPACTS OF MATSA

• In the People's Republic of China, heavy rain
  fall in combination with strong wind destroyed
  about 59,000 houses and damaged more than 20,000
  km2 (7,700 sq mi) of croplands causing 25
  fatalities and 18 billion in damage

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2011S SUPER TYPHOON MUIFA

• A RAIN BOMB
• --- AND THE WORST TYPHOON SINCE TYPHOON MATSA IN
  2005

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STORM TRACK OF MUIFAJULY 27 - AUGUST 10, 2011
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STORM TRACK OF MUIFAJULY 27 - AUGUST 10, 2011
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IMPACTS OF MUIFA

• On August 6, as super typhoon Muifa approached
  Mainland China, over 200,000 people were
  evacuated from low-lying areas.
• 1.35 million people were evacuated from Shanghai
  and other locations as the storm approached
  landfall in northern China.

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IMPACTS MUIFA

• Heavy rain (the rain bomb) and strong winds
  affected more than 10 provinces of China for
  three days, beginning on August 7

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IMPACTS OF MUIFA

• Muifa battered the provinces of Liaoning,
  Zhejiang and Jiangsu, affecting 1.74 million
  residents, and damaging 101,000 hectares of
  farmland, with estimated economic losses of US
  480 million.

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2012S TYPOONS WITH A FOCUS OF THOSE
AFFECTING CHINA
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STORM TRACKS AS OF SEPTEMBER 20, 2012
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THE FORECAST UNDER-ESTIMATED THE 2012 SEASON

• The actual season EXCEEDED the forecast, which
  was based on the expectation of El Ninos impacts
  in the Pacific.
• But, as forecast, China was significantly
  impacted.

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NAMES OF 2012S STORMS

• PAKHAR March 27
• MARWAR May 31-June 6
• TALIM June 8
• DOKSURI June 25-30
• VICENTE July 24-25
• SAOLA July 28
• DAMREY August 1

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NAMES OF 2012S STORMS

• HAIKUI August 6
• KIROGI August 9
• TAI-TAK August 16
• TEMBIN August 18
• BOLAVEN September 4
• SAMBA THE WORST, September 12
• JELAWAT September 20

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NAMES OF THE STORMS OF 2012

• EWINIAR September 24
• MALEKSI September 29
• GAEMI September 29
• PRAPIROON October 7
• MARIA October 14
• SON-TINH October 19
• BOPHA Nov. 29-Dec. 5

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As of August 22, 15 typhoons had formed in the
northwest Pacific Ocean and south China Sea, with
six of them making landfall in China, more than
twice as many as in 2011.
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CONSECUTIVE INPACTS IN CHINA JULY-SEPTEMBER
2012

• Consecutive tropical storms/typhoons (Vicente,
  Talim, Saola, Damrey, Haikui, Kai-Tak, Talem, and
  Bolaven) left at least 51 died, displaced over
  4.1 million people, and caused direct economic
  losses exceeding 1 billion USD.

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TROPICAL STORM DOKSURI JUNE 25-30
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DOKSURI IMPACTED THE PHILIPPINES, TAIWAN, AND
CHINA

• Over 54 million in wind and water damage.

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LESSONS LEARNED FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE

• ALL TYPHOONS
• PREPAREDNESS MEANS THAT YOU UNDERSTAND THE
  RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH HIGH VELOC-ITY WIND
  FIELDS AND RAIN AND PLAN IN ADVANCE.

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LESSONS LEARNED ABOUT DISASTER RESILIENCE

• ALL TYPHOONS
• WITHOUT ADEQUATE PROTECTION, HIGH VELOCITY WIND
  WILL LIFT THE ROOF OFF OF MANY BUILDINGS.

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TYPHOON VINCENTE CAUSES RECORD FLOODING IN
BEIJING, CHINA AREAJULY 24-25, 2012
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LESSONS LEARNED ABOUT DISASTER RESILIENCE

• ALL TYPHOONS.
• DISASTER-INTELLIGENT COMMUNITIES USE TIMELY EARLY
  WARNING BASED ON CRITICAL INFORM-ATION TO
  EVACUATE PEOPLE AND PREPARE.

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VICENTE
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VICENTES PATH ENROUTE TO GUONGDONG, CHINA
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SOLDIERS WITH SANDBAGS FANGSHAN DISTRICT
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VICENTE A CAT 4 STORM

• After landfall in Guangdong, China on July 24th,
  Vincente became a rainmaker across China

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VICENTE A CAT 4 STORM WITH A REGIONAL IMPACT

• After landfall on July 24th in Guangdong, China,
  Vicente became a big rainmaker, causing regional
  flooding in diverse places like Beijing (the
  capitol) and Hong Kong.

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LESSONS LEARNED FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE

• ALL TYPHOONS
• CAPACITY FOR INTELLIGENT EMERGENCY RESPONSE IS
  ESSENTIAL FOR COMMUNITY RESILIENCE.

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VINCENTE CAUSES FLOODING IN BEIJING
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BEIJING-HONG KONG-MACAO EXPRSSWAY JULY 24, 2012
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LESSONS LEARNED FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE

• ALL TYPHOONS
• CAPACITY FOR RECOVERY AND RECONSTRUCTION IS
  ESSENTIAL FOR COMMUNITY RESILIENCE.

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BEIJING-HONG KONG-MACAO EXPRSSWAY CLEANING UP
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BEIJING-HONG KONG-MACAO EXPRSSWAY CLEANING UP
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Vicentes flooding was devastating in spite of
flood control measures added since the 1940s
dams, 280 000 km of embankments, 86 000
reservoirs, and 97 flood retention areas
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SOCIOECONOMIC IMPACTS

• Worst deluge in 61 years
• One day of rainfall in the Beijing area (18
  inches) was equal to 6 months of normal rainfall
• 100 dead 38 in Beijing area

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SOCIOECONOMIC IMPACTS

• 1.6 billion in urban damage
• 57,000 forced from homes
• Over 12,000 hectares of agricultural food crops
  impacted,

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TYPHOON SAOLA JULY 28
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TYPHOON DAMREY AUGUST 1
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TYPHOON HAIKUI AUGUST 6
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TYPHOON TAI-TAK (HELEN) AUGUST 15
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Typhoon Kai-Tak left three people dead, one
person missing and forced over 111,500 people to
evacuate their homes in southwest China's Guangxi
Zhuang autonomous region
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TYPHOON BOLAVEN SEPTEMBER 4
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TYPHOON BOLAVEN CHINA

• Typhoon Bolaven triggered heavy flooding in
  China's northeastern region, driving thousands
  from their homes.

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TROPICAL STORM TALIM CHINA JULY 8, 2012