Unit 5 Friends for Life

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Unit 5Friends for Life
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Contents

• Pre-reading questions
• Background information
• Structure analysis
  
• Comprehension questions
• Language points of Text I
• Grammatical items
• Exercises
• Comprehension questions of Text II
• Oral activities
• Writing practice

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Pre-reading questions

• 1. How do you define friends?
• 2. What do you expect of friendship?
• 3. What are you ready to do for your friends?
• 4. What is needed to make friendship grow,
  blossom and last?

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Background information (1)

• Proverbs on Friendship
• A man dies often as he loses a friend. But we
  gain new life by new contacts, new friends.
  -----Bacon????????????????????????????,??????????
  ???????? ----??
• A friend is a present which you give
  yourself.??????????????R.L.Stevenson
• Friendship often ends in love, but love, in
  friendshipnever??????????????????????C.C.Colt
  on

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Background information (2)

• Treasure is not always a friend , but a friend is
  always a treasure. ----Bacon?????????,??????????
  ------??
• Friendship is like money, easier made than
  kept.???????,??????????Samuel Butler
• A friend that you buy with presents will be
  bought from you.??????????????Thomas Fuller
  

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Background information (3)

• Without confidence there is no friendship.????,??
  ????Epicurus
• Suspicion is the poison of friendship.???????????
  ??St.Augustine
• If you would be loved, love and be
  lovable.????,??????,???????Benjamin Franklin
• In prosperity our friends know us in adversity
  we know our friends. ????,???????????,????????
  C.Collins

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Background information (4)

• Doctor Joyce Brothers

Doctor Joyce Brothers (born October 20, 1928)
is one of the leading family psychologists and
advice columnists, publishing a daily newspaper
column since 1960. She gained fame in 1955 by
winning The 64,000 Question game show, on which
she appeared as an expert in the subject area of
boxing.
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Background information (5)

• Dr. Brothers had a monthly column in Good
  Housekeeping magazine for almost four decades,
  was the host of her own television program, has
  published several best-selling books, and
  continues to appear on television, radio, and in
  film both as an expert in psychology and in
  comedic cameo appearances, including The Nanny
  and All That. She also appeared as an occasional
  celebrity guest on Match Game.
• She earned her PhD in psychology from Columbia
  University after completing her undergraduate
  work at Cornell University.

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Background information (6)

• Proverbs ----by Joyce Brothers
• When success comes in the door, it seems, love
  often goes out the window.
• The best proof of love is trust.
• Books
• What Every Woman Should Know About Men
• HOW TO GET WHAT YOU WANT OUT OF LIFE

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Structure analysis (1)

• As a piece of expository writing the text uses a
  number of relevant examples to clarify the
  authors point. The text naturally falls into six
  parts, each of which is devoted to one particular
  topic.
• The first Part (the first two paragraphs)
  supplies a psychological definition, as well as
  the authors understanding, of friendship.
• The Second Part (Paragraphs 3 to 4) gets down to
  a discussion of friendship within familial ties.

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Structure analysis (2)

• The Third Part (paragraph 5 to 8) moves on to
  the significances of friendship outside kinship
  ties and offers suggestions on friend making.
• The Fourth Part (paragraph 9 to 11) discusses
  the friendship between opposite sexes.
• The Fifth Part (Paragraph 12 and paragraph 13)
  tells us how to fix a broken friendship.
• The last part (Paragraph 14 to 15) is about the
  authors friendship with her grandchildren.

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Comprehension questions (1)

• 1. How does the author prove that friendship can
  occur any place?
• She proves this statement with her personal
  experiences her husband was her best friend,
  she felt more connected with her sister after
  their relationship was renewed, she was very
  close to her daughter and she was satisfied with
  the friendship with her grandchildren.

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Comprehension questions (2)

• 2. Why does the author suggest that making
  friends is something more than instinctual
  behavior?
• Because making friends involves a process of
  sharing that needs more attention. It also calls
  for skill to balance between being open and
  protective of each others feelings.

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Comprehension questions (3)

• 3. How did friendship with the opposite sex help
  in Michaels relationship with his girlfriend?
• Friendship with his female workmate made him
  aware of his patronizing attitude to women, and
  gave him a better understanding of todays women,
  and eventually enabled him to improve his
  relationship with his girlfriend.

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Comprehension questions (4)

• 4. What fact makes the writer believe that now
  friendship is more important than before?
• Her own experience with her family tells her
  that the longer we live, the more important it
  is to feel connected. And that is what we do
  through friends. (Paragraph 13)

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Comprehension questions (5)

• 5. How does the author think of her relationship
  with her sister?
• The writer believes that the sibling rivalry
  between her and her sister is quite common and
  they can still find each other again.

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Language points of Text I (1)

• 1. identify to find out exactly what something
  is.
• E.g. After years of research scientists have
  identified the virus that is responsible for the
  disease.
• She identified him as her attacker.

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Language points of Text I (2)

• 2. responsible having the duty of doing
  something
• e.g. The Government is responsible for the
  general management of the economy.
• All accidents must be reported to the officer who
  is responsible.

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Language points of Text I (3)

• 3. transient lasting for only a short period of
  time
• e.g. His many love affairs had only brought him
  transient pleasures.
• Only historians fully understand the transient
  nature of civilization

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Language points of Text I (4)

• 4. emotional having strong feelings
• unemotional not showing ones feelings.
• e.g. Newspaper reporters were there to record the
  emotional union between the woman and her
  children.
• Pats father was a distant, unemotional man who
  didnt really talk to this children.

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Language points of Text I (5)

• 5. financial connected with money
• e.g. Accountants look after the financial
  administration of an enterprise.
• The opening years of the 19th century saw
  financial crisis at home and abroad.

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Language points of Text I (6)

• 6. essential completely necessary for the
  existence of something
• e.g. Its essential that the oil level is checked
  every 10000 km., otherwise the engine may seize
  up.

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Language points of Text I (7)

• 7. rank as/among to regard as having a certain
  relative position
• e.g. This result ranks as one of their most
  successful election performances of the last ten
  years.

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Language points of Text I (8)

• 8. neglect to give too little attention or care
• e.g. Staff at the hostel were accused of
  neglecting and abusing children in their care.

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Language points of Text I (9)

• 9. play a role in the duty or function of a
  person or group in a particular activity.
• e.g. The chairperson plays a critical role in
  guiding the group discussion.
• China has player a treat role in maintaining
  global peace and promoting the economic
  prosperity of the world.

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Language points of Text I (10)

• 10. individual a single person considered
  separately from the class or group.
• e.g. The decision to have an abortion should be
  up to the individual involved.
• Its the responsibility of each individual within
  the class to make sure they have the correct
  books.

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Language points of Text I (11)

• 11. caring loving and sympathetic.
• e.g. Its possible for men to be tough and, at
  the same time, caring and sensitive.

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Language points of Text I (12)

• 12. tend to to be likely to
• e.g. My father tends to interfere too much in
  other peoples business.
• The bank tends to employ only white
  middle-class men.
• tendency n.
• e.g. Divorced people have a tendency to live with
  new partners rather than marry again.

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Language points of Text I (13)

• 13. instinctual based on instinct rather than on
  knowledge.
• e.g. White jazz seemed ole and intellectual,
  whereas black jazz was vital, swinging and
  instinctive.
• 14. vigilance alert watchfulness
• e.g. Looking after young children requires
  constant vigilance you never know what theyll
  get up to next.

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Language points of Text I (14)

• 15. protective tending to protect
• e.g. Some people say its nice to have a
  protective boyfriend, but I feel as if Im
  suffocated.
• 16. point out to draw attention to
• e.g. Id just like to point out that whenever
  theres a problem Im the one who has to deal
  with it.

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Language points of Text I (15)

• 17. patronizing behaving toward other people as
  if superior or more important, i.e. like a
  patron.
• e.g. Dont be so patronizing Im not a child any
  more. I know just as much about it as you do.

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Language points of Text I (16)

• 18. straighten out to settle by removing the
  confusion or difficulties in it.
• e.g. Mr. Rogers promised he would straighten
  everything out, so I signed the paper.
• They seem to have the completely wrong idea of
  what I want. Can you straighten it out?

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Language points of Text I (17)

• 19. rivalry competition
• e.g. The two women are good friends but there is
  also an element of rivalry in their relationship.
• These acting awards are contested in an
  atmosphere of fierce rivalry.

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Language points of Text I (18)

• 20. battle a fight.
• e.g. The president is fully committed to the
  battle against drug trafficking.
• At last the World Health Organization is winning
  the battle against malaria in the region.
• 21. adventure an exciting and unusual experience
• e.g. the story of her single-handed voyage across
  the Atlantic is one of heroism and adventure.

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Grammatical items (1)

• Complete the sentences, using the proper forms
  of the adjectives given in the brackets.
• 1. All this fuss about those musicians is
  perfectly ______. Its the ____________ thing
  Ive ever heard. (foolish)

foolish
most foolish
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Grammatical items (2)

• 2. The countryside here is __________, but I
  think the region where I grew up is ___________.
  Sometimes I think its the __________ place in
  the world. (lovely)

lovely
lovelier
loveliest
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Grammatical items (3)
most considerate

• 3. He is the ______________ boy I have ever met.
  You dont often meet anyone that young who is so
  __________. Hes much ___________ than other
  children Ive known. (considerate)

considerate
more considerate
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Grammatical items (4)
busy

• 4. The stock market was very ____________today,
  ___________ than it was yesterday. In fact, it
  was the ___________day of the year. (busy)

busier
busiest
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Grammatical items (5)
far

• 5. Is Hicksville __________ from Brooklyn? No,
  its not. Jonesville is a little ____________,
  and Montauk is the ____________ of all. (far)

farther
farthest
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Grammatical items (6)
pretty

• 6. Her portrait showed a ___________ woman, but
  she herself was much ____________ than the
  portrait. (pretty)

prettier
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Exercises (1)

• Key to Translation exercises
• Shanghai ranks as one of the most prosperous
  cities in the world.
• If you are walking in the mountains, strong boots
  and waterproof clothing are essential.
• Some teachers devote too much time to helping
  their students study but neglect their sports
  activities.

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Exercises (2)

• Some personal characters play a vital role in the
  development of ones intelligence.
• The Presidents refusal to meet the press reveals
  just how serious the crisis is.
• Its perfectly natural that parents feel
  protective towards their children, even when they
  have grown up.

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Exercises (3)

1. He wanted desperately to confide in someone about
   his feelings of failure.
2. As some experts point out, suicide rates are much
   higher in some occupations than in others.

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Comprehension questions of Text II

• 1. What does the writer want to tell us with the
  example of Tippy?
• Key You can make more friends by becoming
  genuinely interested in other people than getting
  people interested in you.
• 2. Do you agree with the writer that people are
  interested in themselves? Why (not)?
• Key open to discussion.
• 3. What have you learned from this passage?
• Key Open to discussion.

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Oral activities

• Topic How to make and keep friends?

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Writing practice

• Write a 250-word composition on the topic My
  Best Friend. In the first part of your
  composition, describe how you first met and how
  long you have known each other. In the second
  part, say something about how you spend time
  together. In the last part, explain in brief why
  you think he/she is your best friend.

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• Good bye!