An International comparison of guidelines and recommendations for cycle infrastructure Louise Gustafsson

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An International comparison of guidelines and
recommendations for cycle infrastructureLouise
Gustafsson
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Research and development project

• 3-year project (2010-2012)
• Funded by the Swedish Transport Administration
• The goal is to update and validate the current
  national guidelines for cycle infrastructure

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• Accessibility and traffic safety study of the
  bicycle infrastructure in Stockholm 2009

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• Special conditions during winter
• Maintenance vehicles need access

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Results of the study

• Commuter cyclist
• Mapping problems
• Need for improvements
• Problems in many cases due
• to lack of appropriate design guidelines
• existing design guidelines not good enough

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Design guidelines in Sweden

• VGU (The Design of Roads and Streets)
• Municipalities several local design manuals
• Part 1 study of national and local guidelines
• Part 2 international comparison
• Part 3 field study to validate existing
  guidelines

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International comparison

• Denmark Byernes trafikarealer forudsaetninger
  for den geometriske udformning
• Idékatalog for cykeltrafik
• Netherlands Design Manual for Bicycle Traffic
• Norway Sykkelhåndboka
• Veg- og gateutformning
• Germany Richtlinien für die Anlage von
  Stadtstrassen
• England London Cycling Design Standards
• Cycle Superhighways Design Guideance
• Cycle Infrastructure Design
• Manual for Streets
• Design Manual for Roads and Bridges
• USA Guide for the development of Bicycle
  Facilities
• NYC Street Design Manual
• Bike Lane Design Guide
• Maryland Bicycle and Pedestrian Design
  Guidelines
• Highway Design Manual

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Results

• Guidelines or required measures?
• lowest acceptable
• Sweden the road designer decides
• Norway clear differences between accepted and
  preferred
• In several studied guidelines not specified

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Country Cyclist regular Cyclist regular Cyclist regular Cargo bike Cargo bike Cargo bike Race bike Race bike Race bike
Country Length Width Height Length Width Height Length Width Height
VGU 2,0 0,75 1,9 - - - - - -
Byernes Trafikarealer 1,92,0 0,5-0,7 1,7 -2,1 2,0 0,9 1,7 -2,1 - - -
CROW 1,81,95 0,5-0,6 1,0 -1,2 1,72,2 0,6-0,7 - 1,71,9 0,450,6 1,01,2
Cycle Infrastructure Design 1,8 0,65 - - - - - - -
Manual for Streets - 0,75 2,1 - - - - - -
AASHTO - 0,75 2,5 - - - - - -
Håndbok 017 1,8 0,75 1,9 - - - - - -
Sykkelhåndboka 1,8 0,6 2,25 - - - - - -
RASt - 0,8 2,25 - - - - - -
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gradient
AASHTO/Maryland Recommended max 5 5-6 max 240 m 7 max 120 m 8 max 90 m 9 max 60 m 10 max 30 m gt11 max 15 m
Highway Design Manual Recommended max 2 Max 5
Sykkelhåndboka Max 10 0-35 m Max 7 35-100 m Max 5 100-200 m Max 3,5 gt200 m
RASt 50 km/h max 8 70 km/h max 6
VGU Depending on difference in levels Max 8 - low level Max 4 - good level
Idékatalog for cykeltrafik 50 max 50 m 45 max 100 m 40 max 200 m 35 max 300 m 30 max 500 m
CROW Greater difference in height 5 m possibility to rest after 25 m required.
Design Manual for Roads and Bridges Max 3
Cycle Infrastructure Design Max 3 Up to 5 lt100 m
Manual for Streets 3-5 lt 100 m, max 7 lt30 m
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Sight distance

• AASHTO national guidelines in USA
• Based on gradient, e.g.
• 0 gradient Speed 20 km/h 20 m sight
  distance required
• Sykkelhåndboka national guidelines in Norway
• Downhill slope Special guidelines
• CROW - Netherland
• Based on speed and slope
• Sight distance while moving, when stopping and
  when approaching another vehicle/cyclist

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Cycle paths
Idékatalog for cykeltrafik Min 1,7 m Recommended 2,2 m Min 1,7 m Recommended 2,2 m
CROW Cyclists only 050 c/h 2,00 m 150-750 c/h 3,00 m gt750 c/h 4,00 m With mopeds 0-150 c/h 2,00 m 150-375 c/h 3,00 m gt375 c/h 4,00 m
Cycle Infrastructure Design Min 1,5 m Min 1,5 m
LCDS Min 2,0 m Min 2,0 m
Cycle Superhighway Design Guidance Min 1,5 m Recommended 2,00 m Min 1,5 m Recommended 2,00 m
Highway Design Manual Min 1,5 m Min 1,5 m
NYC Street Design Manual Along roads 4,3 m Along streets 2,4 m Along roads 4,3 m Along streets 2,4 m
RASt Min 1,60 m Recommended 2,00 m Min 1,60 m Recommended 2,00 m
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Measures and values

• Determine measures and values to adopt in Sweden
• Need to consider cycle culture and existing norms
• Guidelines how to obtain enforcement?

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Conclusion

• Need for improved guidelines for sight distance
  and alignment
• Capacity and flow of cyclist dimensions
• Netherland good example
• Requirement or recommendation?
• Need to specify level of demand
• Sweden only country without specific handbook
  for cyclist!

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Summary

• A research project 2010-2012
• Updating and validating existing guidelines
• Proposal will include updated guidelines
• Best practice and influences from other countries
  will be used

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Thank you!
Louise Gustafsson Sweco Infrastructure louise.gust
afsson_at_sweco.se
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Louise Gustafsson Sweco Infrastructure