0013 Energy Concepts: 1. compare characteristics of different forms of energy (e.g., heat, light, kinetic, potential) 3. recognize the relationship between potential and kinetic energy

1
0013 Energy Concepts 1. compare
characteristics of different forms of energy
(e.g., heat, light, kinetic, potential) 3.
recognize the relationship between potential and
kinetic energy
2
Potential Kinetic

• energy of position or energy in storage.
• Water behind a dam
• Hammer over head
• Food on the plate

• energy of motion, the form capable of doing work
• Flowing water
• A falling hammer
• Electrons regenerating ATP in a biol cell

3
PE mgh

• m mass (kg)
• h height (m)
• g accel due to gravity
• (9.8 m/s2)

4
KE ½ m v2

• 4 kg bowling ball
• at 10 m/s
• ½ (4kg) (10m/s)2
• 200 J

• .25 kg baseball
• at 50 m/s
• ½ (.25kg) (50 m/s)2
• 312 J

5
7 fundamental forms of energy

• mechanical energy
• heat energy
• sound energy
• light energy
• magnetic and electrical energy
• nuclear energy
• chemical energy

6
0013 Energy Concepts 2. apply law of
conservation of energy to analysis of physical
and chemical changes

• I Conservation of Energy
• In an isolated system, the total amount of
  energy, including heat, is conserved.
• II Entropy or disorder
• Energy always goes from a more useful to a less
  useful form.

7
EnergyTransformation
8
The tendency toward disorder or entropy
9
0013 Energy Concepts 4. demonstrate knowledge
of energy transformations and the processes by
which energy is transferred (i.e., conduction,
radiation, convection)
10
Heat Transfer
11
conduction

• The movement of heat by collision of vibrating
  atoms

12
convection

• Transfer of heat by the physical motion of fluid.
• (Dense cooler fluids descend and displace warmer
  rising fluids)

13
radiation

• Movement of heat by electromagnetic energy.
• (The only mechanism that does not require atoms
  to facilitate the transfer.)

14
0013 Energy Concepts 5. interpret diagrams
that illustrate changes in the physical states of
matter (e.g., phase diagrams)
15
0013 Energy Concepts 6. apply knowledge of the
kinetic molecular model to the analysis of
properties and behavior of matter as solids,
liquids, gases and plasmas