Title: Operations Management - Recent Trends and Development in both Teaching and Research
1Operations Management- Recent Trends and
Development in both Teaching and Research
- Jiaqin Yang
- Professor of Management
- Georgia College State University
- Beijing, China
- July 11, 2009
2My E-mail addressltjiaqin.yang_at_gcsu.edugt My
Official Websitelthttp//hercules.gcsu.edu/jyang/
gt
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6- The winning companies in the global competition
will be those companies that can put together the
best of research, engineering, design,
manufacturing, distribution wherever they can
get it, anywhere in the world and the best of
each of these will not come from one country or
from one continent. - Jack Welch
- Management Expert, Author and CEO of GE
7A General Definition of Operations Management
- As all organizations are created and designed to
provide certain meaningful and useful outputs
(tangible or intangible) to the public (e.g.,
Society as a whole) with minimal inputs (tangible
or intangible) through a conversion process. - Operations All activities that involved in the
Conversion Process of Input to Output
(Goods/service) - Management" refers to all the managerial
activities in such a conversion process,
including - Planning and Organizing
- Leading and Motivating
- Communicating and Monitoring
- Executing and Correcting
- Evaluating and Reporting
8Operations Management as a Function
9Today, I want to talk about a few topics
- Why OM is one of most important function of any
business organizations? - OM Focus shifting from Manufacturing to
Services operations. - Small Business vs. Large Business
- OM must focus on how to help a business
compete in a right way! - Important research topics in OM for Chinese OM
scholars. - Recent Development in OM field Teaching and
Research
10- 1. Why OM is one of most important function of
any business organizations?
11Functions of Operations Management
- Relationship between Operations and Other
Functions
Three Primary Functions in Business
Marketing
Production
Finance
- Broader Perspective of Operations Management
An Integrated Production System
Including Inventory Control / Aggregate Planning
/ Demand Forecasting
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13- 2. OM Focus shifting from Manufacturing to
Services operations?
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16Manufacturing vs Service
- Manufacturing Provide Tangible Goods (Cars / TV
Sets / Foods / - Service Provide Intangible (Goods) (Education /
Banking / Legal/Repairing / Medical Service /
Transportations/ - Four Major Differences between Manufacturing
and Service
,
17Manufacturing vs Service
Measure of Productivity Measure of Quality Customer Involvement Ability to Inventory Manufacturing Easy Easy Low Yes Service Difficult Difficult High No
Most important OM Principles and Techniques can
be applied to both Manufacturing and Service
Operations.
18- 3. Small Business vs. Large Business - dont
forget small businesses in your OM teaching and
research!
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23- 4. POM must focus on how to use your OM unit
to help your company compete in a right way in
the market place!
24The reality of market competition
- The competition is the primary principle of
market economy. - The trend of international competition a
global village. - A business must and has to - survive under
intensified competition. - In competition, there always are winners and
losers.
25The reality of market competition (II)
- During the history of competition, however,
- Someone being winners more of the time becoming
a big one. - Someone being losers more of the time
eliminated eventually. - Why?
- In certain degree, we can say
- For winners they know how to compete
correctly? - For losers they competed in a wrong way.
-
26Time line for Competition Strategies
27Alternative Order-Wining Criteria in the
Marketplace
- 1.Cost leader
- 2.Unique feature of products/services
- 3.Variety of products/services
- 4.High quality
- 5.New product introduction leader
- 6.Flexibility to Market changes
- 7. product customization
- 8.Delivery Speed
- 9.delivery reliability
- 10.
28How to compete correctly? (????)
- n Traditional competition criteria (like low
price) is no longer the major and only
competitive weapon! - -- Ford Company T-Model Story.
29Ford Motor Company Example
- From 1910-1925, through technology
development/labor specialization/, Ford
improved the productivity of their Auto-Assembly
Line significantly. Their average production cost
was reduced from 4,000 to 1,000. Ford was the
most Efficient Car-Maker in the world at that
time.
30Ford Motor Company Example
- In 1930, Ford had to shut down their production
line. Ford was still the most Efficient Car-Maker
in the world, but they lost the Competitive
Advantages in the Marketplace.
31Different Products/Industries - Must Compete
Differently
- Different industries, different markets,
different products/services, must compete
differently! - Example Sugar vs. TV ?
- (In Service) Education vs. telephone service
32Different Products/Industries - Must Compete
Differently (III)
- All of your business function must support your
competitive strategy - Why watch is so cheaper today? (Timex Example)
- A firm must change technology before it is too
late (Tire Industry example S-curve
application).
33Technology Improvement S-Curve
Return on Technology Investment
Early stage
Late stage
Middle stage
Resources Investment in Technology Development
34TIMEX (Its early Success)
- Not taken seriously at first by U.S. and Swiss
watch manufacturers, Timex introduced its line of
inexpensive watches in 1950. By 1970, half of the
watches sold in the U.S. (and lots of foreign
countries) were made by Timex. The success of
Timex depended upon a careful matching of
production and marketing strategies. The Timex
formula through the early years Mass Production
and Mass Marketing.
35TIMEX Mass Production
- Single, simple product focus
- Simple process technology
- Unskilled labor
- Economies of Scale
- Product durability stressed
- High degree of standardization
Swiss Timex
168 parts 80 parts
6 plates 2 plates
31 screws 6 screws
100 steps 6 steps
36- Many changes have been happened during the last
decades. There have been significant changes and
new developments in the academic field of
Operations Management" - to reflect new demands,
new trends, new requirements, and new changes in
management practice.
375. New Topics and Developmentsin Operations
ManagementAnd Related Research Directions and
Topics - Important research topics in OM for
Chinese OM scholars.
38From Planning Controlling
- Total Quality Management (TQM)
- Supply Chain Management (SCM)
- Technology Management (TM)
- IT (e.g., ERP, MIS, et al.) in POM
- E-Business for POM
- Long-Term Business Planning
39Research Topics in OM for Chinese Scholars
- Supply Chain Management (SCM)
- How the specific feature of Chinese culture,
tradition, norms, and the economic system impact
SCM application in China? - (can be a case study, a field study, or
analytic study if you can develop a specific
model). - Technology Management (TM)
- Current status of TM in China?
- Technology transfer and upgrading issues
(S-curve)? - How do select the most appropriate
technology for Chinese firms? - IT in POM (so many research issues in China)
- IT application and firms operational
performance in China an empirical
investigation. - Key success factors for IT applications in
Chinese firms - ..
40Research Topics in OM for Chinese OM Scholars (II)
- E-Business for POM
- What are major issues and challenges in
e-business in China today an investigative
research. - How different e-business should compete in a
given market i.e., different competitive
advantages? -
- All major other OM topics in China
- Operations Scheduling issues
- Facility Selection
- Facility Layout Design
- Facility Capacity Planning
- ..
41Research Topics in Across All Functions for
Chinese OM Scholars
- International Business and Management (IB)
- - Successful factors for a Chinese enterprise
in a foreign nations (an empirical study). - - Successful factors for a foreign enterprise
in China. - - The impact of government (Central vs. local)
policy and regulations on an international
business in China. - - (Everything which has an impact on the
operations of an international company may be a
good research topic.) - Comparative Study of Management
- - Different Approaches in management practice
- - Different Styles in management leadership
- - Different Culture and Values in management
practice - - . (many more)
426. Recent Trends in POM for Both Teaching and
Research- A continuing shift toward Service
Operations especially in business school
Teaching, because more of your students will work
in a service oriented company.- More focus on
those new emerging fields, like Supply Chain
Management, Operational issues in E-business,
The increased impact of new IT technology in OM,
like ERP.
43Recent Trends and Development (II)
- Most traditional OM topics like Process
selection, capacity planning, inventory
management, APP and MPS, MRP, scheduling, are now
combined or incorporated with those new topics,
like SCM, E-Business, ERP Application. - New emphasis on technology management (like
S-curve) in OM field. - New development in JIT production system, like
- Lean production system emphasis that
JIT is much more that timing issue be
everything Just-Right. - From zero defective to Six Sigma
Quality - From zero inventory to VMI or JIT
II. - From cleanliness principle to 5-S
theory. - Re-emphasis continuing improvement as a
never-ending objective and a daily-operation
procedure, make it as a part of organizational
culture. - Environmental concern and clean production
44Research and Publications in OM Field
- There are many new research journals in OM
available for your research paper submission
consideration. - Different journals have different focus and
orientation. - Different journals have different reviewing
systems. - Different ones have different acceptance rate.
- Communicating with Editors more aggressively.
- Select the most appropriate journal that fitting
your papers quality and contributions. - Empirical OM research papers are more likely to
get published than a model-building analytical
paper.
45Research Productivity (???? ? ????)
- You must learn how to co-author with other
scholars - (inside or outside campus). - You must learn how to produce multiple papers
from the same research projects and data base. - You must learn from an early draft (conference
presentation and proceedings) to final draft
(journal publications). - Try your best to gain the opportunity to do
research cooperation with foreign professors and
co-author with big-name scholars.
46Conclusions
- There is a golden opportunity for all of you
Chinese OM Scholars in your future teaching and
research effort. - There are unlimited research topics for you to
choose from just select the one that you have a
real interest. - Hope the above discussion provides you a
guideline for your future working interest in POM
field in both teaching and research. - Value the opportunity and do your best.
- Looking forward to seeing more high level OM
scholars on the international stage and
international publications.
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