VOIP ISSUES Wangay DORJI Head, Telecommunications Bhutan InfoComm and Media Authority

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VOIP ISSUESWangay DORJIHead,
TelecommunicationsBhutan InfoComm and Media
Authority
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• CONTENT
• Traditional PSTN calls
• What is VoIP
• VoIP and Its Significance
• Issues related to VoIP
• Recommendation for SATRC Working Group
• Conclusion

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• Traditional PSTN Calls
• It is based on circuit switched system
• A call is carried over dedicated circuits
  between the caller and the called party.
• The route is set up through a series of local and
  transit switches, and the circuit is available
  exclusively for the call until the call is ended

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• What is VoIP ?
• Is based on package switch network
• VOIP is carried over the internet network, using
  internet protocol (IP) technology.
• The voice call is digitised, and broken up into a
  series of packets. The packets are then routed
  over the internet network to the final
  destination.
• The packets are reassembled at the end, and
  delivered as a voice call to the called party.

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• Individual packets may take different routes,
  which are allocated by a series of routers.
• The routes are shared with other packets (which
  may carry other voice calls, data streams or
  video streams), thus making much more efficient
  use of the network.
• However the packets may be delayed at individual
  routers if there is congestion on the route.

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Package Switch Network
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• Types of VoIP
• Three types of VoIP calls
• VoIP 2 VoIP calls
• Calls between VOIP terminals that are both linked
  to the internet.
• The call does not leave the internet, and usually
  there is no charge for the call.

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• 2. VoIP to PSTN calls
• Calls from a VOIP terminal to a terminal on the
  PSTN.
• The caller dials the PSTN number, and the call
  has to leave the internet at a gateway between
  the internet and the PSTN.
• It is then switched to its destination on the
  PSTN.
• Some form of charges are involved
• Example, Skype

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• 3. PSTN to VoIP calls
• In this case a number has to be allocated to the
  VOIP terminal, which the caller uses to make the
  call.
• The call is switched through the PSTN to the
  gateway, and then routed through the internet to
  the appropriate VOIP terminal.
• Such calls are charged
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• Terminal equipments used for VoIP services
• Personal computer with a headset or with a
  microphone and separate loudspeakers
• Laptop with integrated speakers and microphone
• Traditional fixed or cordless telephone connected
  via a special adapter to a LAN or to a USB socket
  on a PC
• Special purpose handset or telephone that
  connects to a LAN, or WiFi or the USB socket on a
  PC
• Dual mode mobile handset that can use both WiFi
  and GSM/3G networks.

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• VoIP and Its Significance
• Provides new Voice Business Model
• VoIP is a powerful service innovation
• Easy market entry and bring in more competition
• Offers significant cost and service choices for
  both national and international calls
• Separation of retail functions of the operator
  from whole sale ones

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• ISSUES RELATED TO VOIP
• 1. Market
• Presence of grey telecommunications market
• Operation
• Interconnection with the PSTN
• Network Security
• Quality of Service

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• Regulation
• No single common regulation
• Licensing
• Should the licences be technologically specific
  or technologically neutral?
• VOIP is a technology based solution which
  enables the provision of voice services over IP
  networks.

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• Numbering
• Which numbering system to be adopted
• Should existing E.164 number be issued and if
  so, in which ranges?
• Should the numbering be based on geographic
  or non-geographic

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• Emergency Service
• Should access to Emergency services be made
  mandatory
• Interconnection
• What type of interconnection principle to be
  adopted
• Quality of Service
• Should ITU recommended standard (Y.1541) for
  VOIP services be applied

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• Recommendation for SATRC Working Group
• Study should aimed at
• Developing a harmonized regulation pertaining to
  VoIP within the SATRC region
• Priority to be given to issues, such as
  Interconnection, QoS, Numbering, Access to
  Emergency services
• Looking into developing a liberalized policy
  concerning with VoIP in order to facilitate the
  growth of such services

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CONCLUSION VoIP is an important opportunity
for Developing countries in providing
alternative voice and other services more cheaply
. This alternative cheap services will broaden
access to a large number of citizens, providing
another avenue for closing the Digital Divide
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• TASHI DELEK
• AND
• THANK YOU!