Chapter 13 Review Game: Ecology Part One

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Chapter 13 Review Game Ecology Part One

• April 6, 2011

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___________ is the study of the interactions
between organisms and their environment

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ecology
3
List the levels of ecological organization from
most broad to most narrow.

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Biosphere, biome, ecosystem, community,
population, individual
4
A group of different species that live together
in one area is a ____________.

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community
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A(n) _________ includes all of the organisms as
well as the climate, soil, water, rocks, and
other nonliving things in a given area.

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ecosystem
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A(n) ______ is a major regional or global
community of organisms.

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biome
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The _________ is everywhere on earth where life
exists

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biosphere
8
What are the three approaches to conducting
ecological research?

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Observing, experimenting, and modeling
9
Which approach would be best to use in the
following research scenarioWhat are the effects
of global warming?

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modeling
10
Which approach would be best to use in the
following research scenarioHow does fertilizer
affect the number of blooms a pansy has?

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experimenting
11
Which approach would be best to use in the
following research scenarioHow often do rabbits
mate?

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observation
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Which level of organization includes both living
and nonliving things?

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ecosystem
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What is the difference between biotic and abiotic
factors?

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Abiotic factors are nonliving parts of the
environment where as biotic factors are living
parts of the environment
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List two examples of abiotic factors that may
affect where a tree can grow

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pH of soil, temperature, availability of water,
sunlight
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List two examples of biotic factors that may
affect where a squirrel can live.

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Predator, prey(food), tree(habitat)
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________ is the variety of organisms in an
ecosystem

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biodiversity
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In which biome is biodiversity the greatest?

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Rain forest
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A _____________ __________ is a species that has
an unusually large effect on its ecosystem

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Keystone species
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Why is a beaver an example of a keystone species?

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By knocking down trees to build dams, beavers
change free-flowing stream habitats into ponds,
wetlands, and meadows. This modification leads to
many changes that ripple throughout the ecosystem.
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What is the main energy source for life on earth?

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sun
21
Compare autotrophs (producers) and heterotrophs
(consumers).

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Autotrophs make their own food and heterotrophs
eat other organisms to get food
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Give two examples of an autotroph.

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Plants, algae, some bacteria
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Give two examples of a heterotroph.

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Cows, dogs, humans, earthworms, fungi, some
bacteria
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What are the two types of autotrophs?

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Photosynthetic organisms and chemosynthetic
organisms
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What is the difference between photosynthetic
organisms and chemosynthetic organisms?

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Photosynthetic organisms use sunlight to make
glucose whereas chemosynthetic organisms get
energy from the chemical bonds in inorganic
compounds
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List the five types of heterotrophs.

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Herbivores, carnivores, omnivores, decomposers,
and detritivores
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What do herbivores eat? Carnivores? Omnivores?

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Plants, animals, both plants and animals
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How do decomposers get their energy?

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By breaking down organic matter
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From where do detritivores get their energy?

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detritus
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________ is plant and animal remains and other
dead matter

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detritus
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How is a food web different from a food chain?

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A food web shows all of the feeding relationships
within an ecosystem (has multiple food chains)
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When drawing arrows in food chain or a food web,
in which direction should the arrow be drawn?

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To show the flow of energy So, from the organism
that is being eaten to the organism that is doing
the eating
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Each step in a food chain or food web is called a
_______ _______.

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Trophic level
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In the food chain plant?grasshopper?frog?owl,
label each of the organisms with one of the
following terms producer, primary consumer,
secondary consumer, tertiary consumer.

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Plant? producer Grasshopper? primary
consumer frog?secondary consumer owl?tertiary
consumer
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In the food chain plant?grasshopper?frog?owl,
which organism is at the second trophic level?

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grasshopper
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In the food chain plant?grasshopper?frog?owl,
label each of the organisms with one of the
following terms autotroph, herbivore, carnivore,
or omnivore

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Plant?producer Grasshopper?herbivore Frog?carnivor
e Owl?carnivore
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What are the three types of ecological pyramids?

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Energy, biomass, numbers
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An energy pyramid shows that as you move up
trophic levels in a food chain, the amount of
available energy at each trophic level _________
(increases, decreases) to only _____ of the
energy that was available at the previous trophic
level.

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Decreases, 10
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Why is so much energy lost between trophic
levels?

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Organisms use much of the energy that they
consume for life processes. Also, some of the
energy is released to the environment as heat
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____________ is the total amount of living tissue
within a given trophic level

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biomass
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In a biomass pyramid, the biomass ________
(increases, decreases) as you move up trophic
levels in the food chain.

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decreases
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Where is the greatest biomass in a biomass
pyramid?

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at the base of the pyramid
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In a pyramid of numbers, the number of organisms
__________ (increases, decreases) as you move up
trophic levels.

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decreases
44
Matter cannot be created or destroyed instead it
is continually ___________.

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recycled
45
Water evaporates from the stomata of leaves
during ____________.

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transpiration
46
List three processes that release carbon dioxide
into the atmosphere.

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Combustion of fossil fuels, cellular respiration,
decomposition of dead organisms
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What is one process that takes carbon dioxide
from the atmosphere?

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photosynthesis
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What are two ways that humans are contributing to
the increase in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?

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Burning fossil fuels and destroying forests
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What is combustion?

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Burning (in this case, the burning of fossil
fuels)
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How are fossil fuels formed?

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when dead animal and plant materials are
compressed for millions of years and turns into
coal
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What do organisms use nitrogen for?

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To build proteins
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During the process of _________, bacteria convert
ammonia to nitrates and nitrites

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nitrification
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During the process of _________, bacteria convert
nitrates and nitrites to atmospheric nitrogen.

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denitrification
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During the process of _________, bacteria convert
atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia.

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Nitrogen fixation
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During the process of _________, plants absorb
ammonia, nitrates, and/or nitrites.

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assimilation
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________ and ________ are released during
cellular respiration.

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Carbon dioxide and water
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Plants use sunlight, _______ and _______ to
produce _______ during photosynthesis.

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Carbon dioxide, water, glucose
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What is another name for the water cycle?

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The hydrologic cycle
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THE END!!!!

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