Biology EOC Review Questions

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Biology EOC Review Questions
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QUESTION SET 1
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Question 1
Fats are classified as which of the following
biological organic compounds?

1. carbohydrates
2. lipids
3. nucleic acids
4. proteins

4
Question 1
Fats are classified as which of the following
biological organic compounds?

1. carbohydrates
2. lipids
3. nucleic acids
4. proteins

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Question 2
Some organelles have their own DNA that is
distinct from the cells nuclear DNA. This is
true of which organelle?

1. cell wall
2. mitochondrion
3. plasma membrane
4. vacuole

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Question 2
Some organelles have their own DNA that is
distinct from the cells nuclear DNA. This is
true of which organelle?

1. cell wall
2. mitochondrion
3. plasma membrane
4. vacuole

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Question 3
Enzymes are classified as which of the following
biological organic compounds?

1. carbohydrates
2. lipids
3. nucleic acids
4. proteins

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Question 3
Enzymes are classified as which of the following
biological organic compounds?

1. carbohydrates
2. lipids
3. nucleic acids
4. proteins

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Question 4
______in plants is most similar to a sex cell in
humans?

1. egg
2. embryo
3. pollen
4. zygote

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Question 4
_____in plants is most similar to a sex cell in
humans?

1. egg
2. embryo
3. pollen
4. zygote

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Question 5
Why do cells need buffering agents (buffers)?

1. to maintain constant internal environment at a
   pH of 10
2. to minimize the changes in pH of the internal
   environment
3. to function properly in an extremely basic
   internal environment
4. to function properly in an extremely acid
   internal environment

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Question 5
Why do cells need buffering agents (buffers)?

1. to maintain constant internal environment at a
   pH of 10
2. to minimize the changes in pH of the internal
   environment
3. to function properly in an extremely basic
   internal environment
4. to function properly in an extremely acid
   internal environment

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Question 6
Placing a grape in a concentrated syrup solution
will cause it to shrivel. Which statement best
describes what is occurring?

1. Water left the grape cells by osmosis.
2. Water entered the cells of the grape by
   osmosis.
3. Osmosis caused sugars to enter the grape cells.
4. Sugars in the grape caused water to leave the
   cells.

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Question 6
Placing a grape in a concentrated syrup solution
will cause it to shrivel. Which statement best
describes what is occurring?

1. Water left the grape cells by osmosis.
2. Water entered the cells of the grape by
   osmosis.
3. Osmosis caused sugars to enter the grape cells.
4. Sugars in the grape caused water to leave the
   cells.

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Question 7
Which cell process will move substances along a
concentration gradient, with the help of a
carrier protein?

1. diffusion
2. facilitated diffusion
3. osmosis
4. active transport

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Question 7
Which cell process will move substances along a
concentration gradient, with the help of a
carrier protein?

1. diffusion
2. facilitated diffusion
3. osmosis
4. active transport

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Question 8
Amylase is found in human saliva and breaks down
starch into sugar, beginning the process of
digestion. Which term best describes amylase?

1. enzyme
2. fatty acid
3. lipid
4. starch

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Question 8
Amylase is found in human saliva and breaks down
starch into sugar, beginning the process of
digestion. Which term best describes amylase?

1. enzyme
2. fatty acid
3. lipid
4. starch

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Question 9
The bacteria that cause tetanus can survive
inside a puncture wound that has healed on the
outer surface of the skin. Through what process
do these bacteria acquire the energy they need to
survive?

1. aerobic respiration
2. anaerobic respiration
3. chemosynthesis
4. photosynthesis

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Question 9
The bacteria that cause tetanus can survive
inside a puncture wound that has healed on the
outer surface of the skin. Through what process
do these bacteria acquire the energy they need to
survive?

1. aerobic respiration
2. anaerobic respiration
3. chemosynthesis
4. photosynthesis

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Question 10
Which of the following occurs in humans, when
oxygen is present?

1. anaerobic respiration
2. aerobic respiration
3. fermentation
4. photosynthesis

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Question 10
Which of the following occurs in humans, when
oxygen is present?

1. anaerobic respiration
2. aerobic respiration
3. fermentation
4. photosynthesis

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Question 11
Which statement best distinguishes aerobic from
anaerobic respiration?

1. Only aerobic respiration involves fermentation.
2. Only anaerobic respiration occurs in the
   mitochondria.
3. Only aerobic respiration requires oxygen.
4. Only anaerobic respiration produces carbon
   dioxide.

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Question 11
Which statement best distinguishes aerobic from
anaerobic respiration?

1. Only aerobic respiration involves fermentation.
2. Only anaerobic respiration occurs in the
   mitochondria.
3. Only aerobic respiration requires oxygen.
4. Only anaerobic respiration produces carbon
   dioxide.

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Question 12
Which most accurately describes the difference in
ATP production between aerobic respiration and
anaerobic respiration?

1. Aerobic respiration produces more ATP than
   anaerobic respiration.
2. Anaerobic respiration produces more ATP than
   aerobic respiration.
3. Only anaerobic respiration produces measureable
   amounts of ATP.
4. Anaerobic and aerobic respiration produce the
   same amount of ATP.

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Question 12
Which most accurately describes the difference in
ATP production between aerobic respiration and
anaerobic respiration?

1. Aerobic respiration produces more ATP than
   anaerobic respiration.
2. Anaerobic respiration produces more ATP than
   aerobic respiration.
3. Only anaerobic respiration produces measureable
   amounts of ATP.
4. Anaerobic and aerobic respiration produce the
   same amount of ATP.

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QUESTION SET 2
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Question 1
A segment of a DNA strand has the following
bases TAC GAT What is the complementary strand
of RNA?

1. UAG CAU
2. TAG CAT
3. ATG CTA
4. AUG CUA

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Question 1
A segment of a DNA strand has the following
bases TAC GAT What is the complementary strand
of RNA?

1. UAG CAU
2. TAG CAT
3. ATG CTA
4. AUG CUA

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Question 2
Which relationship is most similar to the
relationship below? DNAmRNA

1. book publisher
2. truck factory
3. key lock
4. baker pie

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Question 2
Which relationship is most similar to the
relationship below? DNAmRNA

1. book publisher
2. truck factory
3. key lock
4. baker pie

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Question 3
In order for a protein to be produced, which is
the final step necessary?

1. replication
2. nondisjunction
3. transcription
4. translation

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Question 3
In order for a protein to be produced, which is
the final step necessary?

1. replication
2. nondisjunction
3. transcription
4. translation

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Question 4
Asexual reproduction provides for what to occur?

1. meiosis
2. budding
3. genetic stability
4. genetic variation

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Question 4
Asexual reproduction provides for what to occur?

1. meiosis
2. budding
3. genetic stability
4. genetic variation

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Question 5
Which of the following could likely threaten the
survival of a species?

1. genetic variation
2. beneficial environmental adaptations
3. a drastic change in the environment
4. changes in the gene pool due to random mating

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Question 5
Which of the following could likely threaten the
survival of a species?

1. genetic variation
2. beneficial environmental adaptations
3. a drastic change in the environment
4. changes in the gene pool due to random mating

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Question 6
Which term best describes the type of cell
division in which parent cells produce daughter
cells with the haploid number of chromosomes as
the parent cells?

1. mitosis
2. meiosis
3. spermatogenesis
4. oogenesis

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Question 6
Which term best describes the type of cell
division in which parent cells produce daughter
cells with the haploid number of chromosomes as
the parent cells?

1. mitosis
2. meiosis
3. spermatogenesis
4. oogenesis

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Question 7
What is the primary cause of variation in the
offspring of sexually reproducing organisms?

1. cytoplasmic division
2. environmental changes
3. mutation
4. recombination of alleles

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Question 7
What is the primary cause of variation in the
offspring of sexually reproducing organisms?

1. cytoplasmic division
2. environmental changes
3. mutation
4. recombination of alleles

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Question 8
Which of the following results in crossing-over?

1. meiosis
2. budding
3. mitosis
4. regeneration

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Question 8
Which of the following results in crossing-over?

1. meiosis
2. budding
3. mitosis
4. regeneration

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Question 9
Several matings between the same male white rat
and female brown rat produce all white rats. If
white is dominant and brown is recessive, what
are the genotypes of the parents?

1. BBxbb
2. Bbxbb
3. BBxBb
4. BbxBb

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Question 9
Several matings between the same male white rat
and female brown rat produce all white rats. If
white is dominant and brown is recessive, what
are the genotypes of the parents?

1. BBxbb
2. Bbxbb
3. BBxBb
4. BbxBb

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Question 10
Most sex-linked, recessive traits- including
hemophilia and color blindness-appear in males.
This phenomenon is best explained by which
statement?

1. Males have an X chromosome with dominant genes.
2. Most of the genes on the X and Y chromosomes of
   males are recessive.
3. In males, the recessive sex-linked genes appear
   only on the Y chromosome.
4. In males, the Y chromosome lacks the genes
   needed to mask the recessive genes on the X
   chromosome.

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Question 10
Most sex-linked, recessive traits- including
hemophilia and color blindness-appear in males.
This phenomenon is best explained by which
statement?

1. Males have an X chromosome with dominant genes.
2. Most of the genes on the X and Y chromosomes of
   males are recessive.
3. In males, the recessive sex-linked genes appear
   only on the Y chromosome.
4. In males, the Y chromosome lacks the genes
   needed to mask the recessive genes on the X
   chromosome.

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Question 11
Tay-Sachs is a recessive trait. What are the
chances that a child will develop Tay-Sachs
disease if one parent is homozygous dominant and
the other has the disease?

1. 0 out of 4
2. 1 out of 4
3. 2 out of 4
4. 3 out of 4

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Question 11
Tay-Sachs is a recessive trait. What are the
chances that a child will develop Tay-Sachs
disease if one parent is homozygous dominant and
the other has the disease?

1. 0 out of 4
2. 1 out of 4
3. 2 out of 4
4. 3 out of 4

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Question 12
Some flowers show codominance. If WW white and
RR red, which phenotypic ratio would be
expected in the offspring of two red and white
flowers?

1. 1red 2 red and white 1 white
2. 0 red 4 red and white 0 white
3. 3 red 0 red and white 1 white
4. 4 red 0 red and white 0 white

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Question 12
Some flowers show codominance. If WW white and
RR red, which phenotypic ratio would be
expected in the offspring of two red and white
flowers?

1. 1red 2 red and white 1 white
2. 0 red 4 red and white 0 white
3. 3 red 0 red and white 1 white
4. 4 red 0 red and white 0 white

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Question 13
John and Mary have six children, three with A
blood type, two with AB blood type and one with O
blood type. What blood types could John and Mary
have?

1. A and O
2. B and O
3. AB and AB
4. AB and O
5. A and B

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Question 13
John and Mary have six children, three with A
blood type, two with AB blood type and one with O
blood type. What blood types could John and Mary
have?

1. A and O
2. B and O
3. AB and AB
4. AB and O
5. A and B

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Question 14
A karyotype of a male would show his 23rd pair as

1. XO
2. XXX
3. XY
4. XYY

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Question 14
A karyotype of a male would show his 23rd pair as

1. XO
2. XXX
3. XY
4. XYY

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Question 15
A paleontologist is studying the remnants of a
pelvic bone in a whale ancestor. What does this
structure likely indicate about the organism?

1. It was not related to the whale.
2. It swam in the ocean.
3. It likely walked on land.
4. That whales can adapt to land.

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Question 15
A paleontologist is studying the remnants of a
pelvic bone in a whale ancestor. What does this
structure likely indicate about the organism?

1. It was not related to the whale.
2. It swam in the ocean.
3. It likely walked on land.
4. That whales can adapt to land.

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Question 16
Variation within species was important to the
development of Darwins theory of evolution.
Which statement does individual variation help
explain?

1. Resources become limited over long periods of
   time.
2. Populations often increase rapidly and without
   warning.
3. Competition is fierce among members of different
   species.
4. Some organisms survive and reproduce better
   than others.

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Question 16
Variation within species was important to the
development of Darwins theory of evolution.
Which statement does individual variation help
explain?

1. Resources become limited over long periods of
   time.
2. Populations often increase rapidly and without
   warning.
3. Competition is fierce among members of different
   species.
4. Some organisms survive and reproduce better
   than others.

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Question 17
Which of the following best describes secondary
succession?

1. growth of moss on a previously active volcano.
2. plants sprouting on areas that did not have soil
   or life before.
3. new life developing on the ocean floor surface.
4. shrubs beginning to appear in an area that had
   experienced a forest fire.

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Question 17
Which of the following best describes secondary
succession?

1. growth of moss on a previously active volcano.
2. plants sprouting on areas that did not have soil
   or life before.
3. new life developing on the ocean floor surface.
4. shrubs beginning to appear in an area that had
   experienced a forest fire.

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Question 18
Which could be considered anatomical evidence of
an evolutionary relationship?

1. similarities in DNA sequences
2. location of fossils in different strata (rock
   layers)
3. similarities between bone structures
4. presence of identical proteins

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Question 18
Which could be considered anatomical evidence of
an evolutionary relationship?

1. similarities in DNA sequences
2. location of fossils in different strata (rock
   layers)
3. similarities between bone structures
4. presence of identical proteins

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Question 19
Which is the best evidence of an evolutionary
relationship between two organisms?

1. similarity in behavior
2. similarity in DNA
3. similarity in habitat
4. similarity in niche

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Question 19
Which is the best evidence of an evolutionary
relationship between two organisms?

1. similarity in behavior
2. similarity in DNA
3. similarity in habitat
4. similarity in niche

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• QUESTION SET 3

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Question 1
An organism is prokaryotic, unicellular and can
survive in harsh environments. Which of the
following is the most likely kingdom to which it
belongs?

1. Animal
2. Fungi
3. Archaebacteria
4. Plant

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Question 1
An organism is prokaryotic, unicellular and can
survive in harsh environments. Which of the
following is the most likely kingdom to which it
belongs?

1. Animal
2. Fungi
3. Archaebacteria
4. Plant

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Question 2
A remora fish attached to the belly of a shark
(but not feeding directly from the shark), as
seen below, demonstrates which symbiotic
relationship?

1. commensalism
2. mutualism
3. parasitism
4. predation

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Question 2
A remora fish attached to the belly of a shark
(but not feeding directly from the shark), as
seen below, demonstrates which symbiotic
relationship?

1. commensalism
2. mutualism
3. parasitism
4. predation

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Question 3
An experiment is done to test the effects of
rising pH on an aquatic ecosystem. The
experimenter uses two identical tanks with the
same amount and temperature of the water. She
only changes the pH by adding acid to one of the
tanks. Using the same tanks, water and
temperature are examples of

1. independent variables
2. dependent variables
3. limiting factors
4. controls

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Question 3
An experiment is done to test the effects of
rising pH on an aquatic ecosystem. The
experimenter uses two identical tanks with the
same amount and temperature of the water. She
only changes the pH by adding acid to one of the
tanks. Using the same tanks, water and
temperature are examples of

1. independent variables
2. dependent variables
3. limiting factors
4. controls

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Question 4
Which of the following is a natural adaptation
acquired by many different species in an attempt
to increase their fitness?

1. camouflage
2. a reduced reproduction rate
3. isolation
4. all of the above

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Question 4
Which of the following is a natural adaptation
acquired by many different species in an attempt
to increase their fitness?

1. camouflage
2. a reduced reproduction rate
3. isolation
4. all of the above

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Question 5
Which situation would result in the greatest
decrease in the human population?

1. decreased birth rate and increased death rate
2. increased infant mortality and decreased death
   rate
3. decreased death rate and increased birth rate
4. increased birth rate and increased infant
   mortality

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Question 5
Which situation would result in the greatest
decrease in the human population?

1. decreased birth rate and increased death rate
2. increased infant mortality and decreased death
   rate
3. decreased death rate and increased birth rate
4. increased birth rate and increased infant
   mortality

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Question 6
In an ocean ecosystem, which is a biotic factor?

1. the ocean water
2. sediments throughout the ocean
3. the flow of current
4. the coral seen on the ocean floor

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Question 6
In an ocean ecosystem, which is a biotic factor?

1. the ocean water
2. sediments throughout the ocean
3. the flow of current
4. the coral seen on the ocean floor

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Question 7
In the carbon cycle, atmospheric carbon dioxide
is converted into organic material by which
process?

1. cellular respiration
2. decomposition
3. photosynthesis
4. transpiration

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Question 7
In the carbon cycle, atmospheric carbon dioxide
is converted into organic material by which
process?

1. cellular respiration
2. decomposition
3. photosynthesis
4. transpiration