Interoperability in GSDI: Standards, Solutions, and Futures

1
Interoperability in GSDI Standards, Solutions,
and Futures

• Douglas Nebert
• GSDI Secretariat

2
Workshop Agenda

• 1400 Introduction (Nebert)
• 1410 International Standards ISO TC 211
  (Ostensen)
• 1435 OpenGIS Consortium Specs (Reichardt)
• 1500 National Community Standards (Nebert)
• 1520 Break

3
Agenda, Continued

• 1530 Geographic Information for Sustainable
  Development (Bacharach)
• 1600 Australian SDI Support for National to
  Local Interests (Kelly)
• 1630 Standard Components for Developing SDIs in
  Spain (Zarazaga)
• 1700 Implementing ISO 19115/23950 (Danko)

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Interaction of Standards Authorities

• Many standardization activities exist with
  different roles and responsibilities that are
  relevant to implementing SDIs
• International Organisation of Standards (ISO TC
  211, TC 204, JTC-1)
• World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)
• OpenGIS Consortium (OGC)
• National Standards Organizations

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Community Standardization
GSDI
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Standards Stack
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National/Community Interest Standards

• Doug Nebert
• GSDI Secretariat

8
Scope of National Solutions

• Data Content Standards
• Geographic Location Gazetteer
• Geodetic Reference Systems
• Feature Type Catalogs
• National Information Profiles of International
  Standards
• Data Policies and Laws

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Data Content Standards

• Specify semantics and syntax for information
  exchange for a specific theme of data
• May define core or comprehensive packaging of
  spatial data
• May be expressed as an ISO Application Schema
• Supports usage in OGC interfaces

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Interoperability based on a common data model for
data exchange
Common Content Model
import
export
Mission System 1
Mission System 2
API
API
Core Framework Encoding
export
import
API
Mission System 3
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Common Elements

• Feature types (classes) included
• Unique feature identifier system
• Basic attributes
• Controlled vocabulary, codes, authorities
• Valid at a range of scales and resolutions
• Multiple representations of same features
  possible

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Design Process
4. Comments
5. Refine
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Standards Process for Geospatial One-Stop
Requirements Team
Extract data requirements
Portal Team
Standards Teams
FGDC Endorsement
Compose/ convene 7 MATs
Extract common data requirements
Construct Draft Model
Write draft std docs
Construct Draft Standard
Vote at ANSI INCITS L1
Vote at ANSI
revise
revise
Public Review
Public Review
Calls for requirements and participation
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Generalized Modeling Approach
Universe of Discourse (each of 7 communities)
Conceptual Model
Feature Model in UML
expert intervention
Conceptual Model using ISO 19118/19103 objects in
UML
Application Schema
UML-XML encoding transform
Common Community Data Transfer in XML-Schema (GML)
Data Transfer Schema
XML validation
Encoded Feature Data in XML
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What is the Geospatial One-Stop Portal?

• Middleware that integrates access to distributed
  community data services
• Community-wide access point for all participating
  data and map services
• Employs standard software interfaces to connect
  to catalog, map, and feature services set up by
  providers
• Generic user interface that could be adapted by
  other communities

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Portal Concept
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Framework Interoperability Pilot for
Transportation

• OpenGIS Consortium (OGC) will assist in modeling
  process to define proper UML that conforms to ISO
  rules and can be implemented as GML
• Engage OGC members in implementing Web Feature
  Services to extend multiple available data
  systems (U.S. and Canada)
• Demonstrate a Web client that can display and
  query multiple Framework data sources based on a
  common data model
• Approach to be followed for other themes

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OGC Web Feature Service
WFS
Mission System A
Web Feature Browser/ Client Application
translation utilities
GML (XML)
Native Format
Mission System B
WFS
B
private schema
P
public schema
transformation rules
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Geographic Location Gazetteer

• Names of geographic places should be identifiable
  with unique IDs for easy reference and usage
• First-order Subdivision (Province)
• Second-order Subdivision (District)
• Populated places
• Named landscape features
• Establishment of online gazetteer by each nation
  is a useful service

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Geographic Name Resolution (OGC Gazetteer Profile
of WFS)

• Online service protocol is being developed to
  query geographic name servers to assist in
  relevant place name and coordinate assignment
• Metadata collection (cataloguing) can benefit
  from access to Web service to encode place as
  name and coordinates
• Geospatial search will benefit from stronger
  match of place to coordinates

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Gazetteer Interaction
User
Web-based application
Gazetteer Service
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Metadata Encoding
User
Gazetteer Service
Metadata Encoding System
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Metadata Search Support
User
Gazetteer Service
Metadata Search System
Metadata (Catalog) Servers
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Geodetic Reference Systems

• Selecting and conforming to a national or
  trans-national horizontal and vertical datum
• Many new systems consistent with geoid-based
  solutions (useful with GPS)
• Ability to also report data in geographic
  (latitude, longitude, decimal degrees) helpful in
  regional-global analysis

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Feature Type Catalogs

• Development of national online catalog for
  well-known classes of features and attributes
• Definition
• Authority
• Relationships
• ISO has feature cataloguing methodology to assist
  in solution

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National Information Profiles of International
Standards

• ISO standards are typically adopted by national
  members as National Profiles
• Profiles permit clarification, localization, and
  extension of ISO content
• Coordination or common adoption of multi-national
  profiles is desirable

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Examples of Profiles

• Metadata
• Feature Catalogue
• Application Schemas

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Data Access Policies and Laws

• Review existing Information Technology
  legislation and policies
• Establish data exchange policies
• Address privacy, intellectual property, and
  security issues
• Define terms of participation in national SDI
  environment

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GSDI-6 Pre-conference WorkshopStandards in
Action

• Douglas Nebert
• GSDI Secretariat

30
Agenda, Continued

• 1600 Geographic Information for Sustainable
  Development (Bacharach)
• 1630 Australian SDI Support for National to
  Local Interests (Kelly)
• 1700 Standard Components for Developing SDIs in
  Spain (Zarazaga)