BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS Training

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BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS Training

• If its wet and its not yours, dont touch it!
• South Burlington School
  District

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Bloodborne Pathogens Training Introduction

• Welcome to the South Burlington School Districts
• bloodborne pathogen training module.
• The Occupational Safety and Health Administration
• (OSHA) requires that all employees who are at
  risk
• for exposure to blood or body fluids receive
  annual
• training which will give specific information to
  help
• protect against bloodborne disease. This module
  is
• intended to provide this important information.
  All
• employees are expected to review this information
• each year.

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But it is just as important

• to also prevent the spread of bloodborne disease
  and
• to model to students the appropriate way to
  handle blood and body fluids.

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Topics of Discussion

• What is a Bloodborne Pathogen?
• Transmission of Disease in the School
  Environment.
• The Districts Exposure Control Plan.
• How to Reduce your Risk of Exposure.
• Actions to Take After an Exposure Incident.

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What is a Bloodborne Pathogen??
Bloodborne transmitted by blood (or other body
fluids) Pathogen microorganism capable of
causing disease Bloodborne Pathogens are
present in --Blood --Semen --Vaginal
Secretions --Torn or Loose Skin --Other Body
Fluids, particularly if tainted with blood

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HIV, Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C viruses are
examples of bloodborne pathogens. These
areserious diseases.
What are some Examples of Bloodborne Pathogens??
Hepatitis B

• HIV

Hepatitis C
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HIV Information

• HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is the
  virus which causes AIDS. This virus attacks the
  bodys immune system and interferes with the
  ability to fight infection.
• HIV is spread mainly through sexual contact, but
  may also be
• spread by contact with blood and body fluids.
  There is no vaccine to prevent AIDS. If you
  contract HIV, you may
• --suffer flu-like illness (fever, fatigue,
  diarrhea)
• --carry the virus and show NO symptoms for years
• --eventually develop AIDS
• --develop AIDS-related illness (cancer,
  neurological
• problems and other opportunistic infections)

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Hepatitis Information

• Hepatitis means inflammation of the liver.
  Most people who contract hepatitis will heal in
  about six months. In others, the virus can cause
  liver damage and be life threatening.
• There is a vaccination for Hepatitis B.

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Hepatitis Information

• If you become infected with Hepatitis B virus,
  you may
• --suffer flu-like illness (fatigue, weight
  loss, fever,
• diarrhea)
• --require hospitalization
• --not show any signs / symptoms
• --be unaware that you are a carrier
• --have infected blood and body fluids
• --pass the virus on to sexual partners, family
  members, or newborns from infected mother

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Hepatitis C Information

• If you become infected with Hepatitis C, you may
• --Look and feel ill (jaundice, dark urine,
  nausea,
• abdominal pain, no appetite).
• --Pass the virus on to others by sharing
  needles,
• through contact with infected blood/body
  fluids, and
• to newborns from an infected mother.
• Between 55-85 of infected people will have a
  chronic
• infection. Between 1-5 will die.

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• Many contagious people show no signs or symptoms
  of infection. Only blood tests can positively
  identify these diseases.

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Transmission of Disease in the School Environment

• Cuts, scratches
• Skin abrasions
• Dermatitis, eczema
• Acne areas
• Mucus membranes
• eyes, nose, mouth
• Any sort of damaged or broken skin such as
  sunburn or blisters

• Pathogens can enter
• your body through
• various avenues

Staff working with severely disabled children
should take extra caution, as some disabled
children may be more vulnerable to injury, likely
to have special medical needs, dependent upon
adults for personal care and need more assistance
or care when injured.
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You can also become infected with

• Broken glass (science labs, cooking class)
• Sharp metal / scissors
• Needles (consumer science classes)
• Exacto Knives (art classes)
• Exposed ends of orthodontic wires (braces)

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Risks in the School Setting
Custodial duties
Coaching/refereeing
Administering First Aid
Working with a student with a disability
Intervening in fights
Assisting students with checking their blood
sugar
Working w/ students using heat sources,
sharp instruments, power tools
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You can become infected INDIRECTLY

• The Hepatitis B virus is very durable studies
  show that HBV can survive on surfaces dried and
  at room temperature for a week.

• When you touch a surface that has been
  contaminated with infected blood
• and then, transfer the germs to your eyes, nose,
  mouth or open skin.

• HIV, on the other hand, is very fragile and will
  not survive very long outside of the human body.
  However, because HIV is such a devastating
  disease, all precautions must be taken to avoid
  exposure.

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BBP Exposure Control Plan

• OSHA requires that our District have a written
  Exposure Control Plan.
• What is the Purpose?
• When an exposure incident occurs, we will know
  how to respond quickly and appropriately,
  ensuring a positive outcome.
• What is Included?
• --Identification of personnel covered by the
• OSHA standard.
• --Analysis of potential hazards of each job
• description.
• --Determination of measures to be taken to
• reduce the risk of exposure to bloodborne
• pathogens on the job.
• --Written procedures related to exposure risks.
• Where is it located?
• Business Office and School Health Offices.

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Reducing Your Risk of Exposure

• It is impossible to tell who is infected with a
  disease simply by
• appearances many people who are infected show no
  visible signs or symptoms and may not even know
  their infectious state. Therefore, using
  universal precautions is essential.
•  

• UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS is a prevention concept in
  which all
• blood and body fluids are treated as if they are
  infectious.

• In other words, whether or not you think the
  blood/body fluid is
• infected with bloodborne pathogens, you treat
  it as if it is. Using
• this, along with other protective practices
  can greatly reduce your
• risk.

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Work Practice Controls

• Work Practice Controls refers to specific
  procedures one must follow on the job to reduce
  exposure to blood or other potentially infectious
  materials. For example, our custodial staff has
  special training in proper procedures for
  cleaning up blood and body fluid spills.

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Reducing your RiskHandwashing
This is your most important work practice
control! You should wash your hands with soap and
water

• Every time you remove gloves or other personal
  protective equipment.
• ASAP if your skin / mucous membrane has come in
  direct contact with blood or other body fluid.
• Regularly throughout the day... before eating,
  after using bathroom, after handling animals,
  etc. 
• ? If handwashing facilities are not available,
  use an antiseptic gel or towelette until you can
  get to sink with soap and running water.

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Reducing your RiskGloves
Gloves must be worn if you anticipate exposure to
another persons blood, potentially infectious
materials, mucous membranes or non-intact skin.

• Keep gloves within easy reach at all times all
  staff should have access. Your building nurse
  will supply you with gloves as needed.
• If you assist with first aid where blood or body
  fluids are involved, you must wear gloves.
• ? Replace gloves as soon as you can if they are
  torn, punctured, contaminated or defective in any
  way (sometimes they wear out).

• Do NOT reuse disposable
• gloves.
• Always wash your hands
• after taking your gloves off.

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Reducing your RiskRemoving Gloves

• Unsure of the proper way to remove gloves?
• Follow these steps listed below. If you have any
  questions,
• consult with your building nurse for a
  demonstration.
• With both hands gloved, peel one glove off by
  grabbing it in the middle of your palm and
  pulling it off your fingers last (the glove
  should come off your hand inside out). Hold it
  in the gloved hand.
• 2. With the exposed hand, peel the second glove
  FROM THE INSIDE, tucking the first glove inside
  the second.
• 3. Dispose of the gloves properly.
• 4. Never touch the outside of the gloves with
  your bare skin.
• 5. Wash your hands as soon as possible.

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Reducing your riskHousekeeping Reminders
Minimize blood spatter when helping an injured
and bleeding person.
Handle contaminated laundry / clothing as little
as possible.
Dispose sharps (needles, broken glass, bloody
metal) and infectious wastes in designated
containers.
Call a custodian for clean-up of blood or body
fluids.

• Encourage students to self-
• administer first aid if
• possible.

Inspect and clean wastepaper baskets and other
receptacles that are reused (and have a
likelihood of becoming contaminated with blood or
other infectious materials) on a regular basis.
Avoid picking-up broken glass with your bare
hands. Use a broom and dustpan, tongs or some
other device.
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Reducing your RiskPersonal Hygiene Reminders
Avoid eating, drinking, applying makeup or lip
balm where there is a possibility of exposure.
Cover cuts, scratches, rashes or other open
sores on exposed skin.
Avoid handling contact lenses where there is a
possibility of exposure.
Avoid sharing razors, toothbrushes or other
personal items.
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Reducing Your RiskHepatitis B Vaccination
Part of the Districts Control Plan includes
offering the Hepatitis B vaccination.

• Studies show it is around 85 effective at
  protecting you from Hep B.
• Yeast-based (not derived from human plasma).
• 3 shots given over 6 months.
• Safe.
• Good for at least 10 years.
• Booster doses may be needed later.

• Side effects may include soreness at injection
  site, fever, malaise, fatigue.
• You may discuss the pros and cons of this
  vaccination with your health care provider.
• If you decide to receive the Hep B series,
  contact the business office directly.

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More Hepatitis B Information

• All employees are required to have a copy of
  the SBSD Hepatitis B Vaccination
  Consent-Declination Form on file with the
  district. This is done at the time of initial
  hire with the district.
• If you decide not to get this vaccination at
  this time, you may change your mind at any time
  in the future.
• You may review the SBSD Hepatitis B Vaccination
  Consent Declination Form in the Appendix at the
  end of this training module.

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What is an Exposure Incident?

• To reiterate
• When your non-intact skin or mucus membranes
  come in contact with another persons blood or
  body fluid.
• Examples of non-intact skin
• Cuts, scrapes, burns, dermatitis, or any other
  skin
• lesions
• Examples of mucus membranes
• Lips, nostrils, mouth, eyes, vagina, rectum

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Emergency Action Steps after an Exposure Incident

• Immediately wash hands or the exposed area with
  soap and water flush with copious amounts of
  water.
• Apply an antiseptic or band aid as needed.
• Report the incident to supervisor / building
  nurse / principal as appropriate.

• Employee will then be referred for consultation
  for medical evaluation and follow up.
• Records will be kept confidential by the health
  care provider.
• There may be other paperwork required by SBSD
  depending upon the situation (i.e. accident
  report, workmans compensation, etc).

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Questions??

• If you have any questions now or throughout the
  year, or if you would like to
• review this information with a video, booklet or
  similar article, please contact
• your building nurse. Each nurse has access to
  materials for you to read at your
• convenience.
• More information is available at the following
  web sites
• OSHA www.osha.org
• VT Dept of Health www.healthvermont.gov
• Center for Disease Control www.cdc.gov

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Appendix A Hepatitis B Vaccination
Consent-Declination Form

• I understand the benefits and risks of the
  Hepatitis B vaccination. I understand that I must
  receive at least 3 intramuscular doses of vaccine
  in the arm over a 6-month period to confer
  immunity. However, as with all medical treatment,
  there is no guarantee that I will become immune
  or that I will not experience an adverse side
  effect from the vaccine.
• I have had an opportunity to ask questions and
  all my questions have been answered to my
  satisfaction. I am aware that the SBSD assumes no
  responsibility for advice or counsel regarding
  this inoculation and I have been advised to
  consult with my personal physician regarding the
  possible impact of this vaccine upon my health
  and well being. I hold the South Burlington
  School District harmless for any consequences of
  this vaccination.
• The cost of the Hepatitis B vaccine series of the
  inoculations will be at no charge to the
  employees who have occupational blood exposure. I
  understand that participation is voluntary and my
  consent or refusal of the vaccination does not
  have any impact upon the conditions of my
  employment. I understand hat I may withdraw from
  the vaccination regimen at any time.
• I voluntarily and of free choice, indicate that I
  have adequate knowledge upon which to base my
  informed consent or declination of the vaccine as
  indicated above.
• (Please check one)
• __________I wish to receive the Hepatitis B
  vaccination series.
• __________I decline the Hepatitis B vaccination
  series. I understand that by declining this
  vaccination, I continue to be at risk of
  contracting Hepatitis B, a serious disease. If,
  in the future, I continue to have exposure to
  potentially infectious materials and want to be
  vaccinated with the Hepatitis B vaccine, I can
  receive the vaccination series at no charge to
  me.
• Name (print) _____________________________________
  ____________________________________________
• Signature ________________________________________
  __________________________ Date_____________

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Appendix BMRSAMethicillin-Resistant
Staphylococcus Aureus

• Staph (staphylococcus aureus) is a very common
  bacterium that can live on the skin or in the
  noses of healthy people. It is a common cause of
  skin lesions, such as pimples and boils. Staph
  can sometimes lead to more serious infections on
  the skin and other sites on the body. Some staph
  infections are harder to treat because the
  bacteria have become resistant over time to the
  antibiotics usually used to treat these
  infections.
• MRSA is spread through breaks in the skin, by
  skin to skin contact, or less often, by touching
  surfaces that have MRSA on them.
• MRSA is a type of staph infection that has become
  resistant to some anti-biotics. These infections
  can be mild or very serious. MRSA infection is
  preventable and treatable.
• MRSA is rarely serious when contracted in the
  community setting, where it typically appears as
  an easily treatable skin infection. MRSA acquired
  in the hospital or health care setting is a
  different strain and more serious that MRSA
  acquired in the community. MRSA can be
  life-threatening to older people and those with a
  weakened immune system.

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Appendix BMeasures to Prevent MRSA

• Simple measures can be taken to prevent MRSA
  infections
• --Wash hands often and well.
• --Shower after exercise.
• --Cover cuts, scrapes and wounds with bandages
  until healed.
• --Dont share personal items such as used
  razors, towels or other
• objects that could pass bacteria from one
  persons skin to another.
• --Place barriers between skin and shared
  equipment like weight lifting
• benches and sanitize frequently-touched
  surfaces.
• If you think you have an infected wound, see your
  medical health care provider.
• Any student with an open wound, or wound draining
  pus should be referred to the school nurse for
  further evaluation.
• The Vermont Department of Health has more
  information on their web site
• www.healthvermont.gov