SKELETAL SYSTEM: JOINTS OR ARTICULATIONS

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SKELETAL SYSTEM JOINTS OR ARTICULATIONS

• FUNDAMENTALS OF ANATOMY PHYSIOLOGY BY MARTINI,9
  TH EDITION,
• Lab Manual Exercise 12

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Competency 4 The Skeletal System

• Describing the general structure and function of
  selected articulations
• Distinguishing among the selected types of body
  movements.

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• KNEE JOINT
• BODY MOVEMENTS

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• Knee joint- union of condyles of the femur And
  the superior condylar surfaces of the tibia
  
• Functions- flexion, extension,
  limitated rotation
• 
  
• Fibular collateral ligament- lateral surface
• Tibial collateral ligament- medial surface
• Anterior cruciate ligament
• Posterior cruciate ligament
• Lateral meniscus
• Medial meniscus
• Tendon of the quadriceps femoris muscle- upper
  one
  
• Patelar ligament- lower one

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TIBIAL COLLATERAL LIGAMENT
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KNEE JOINT (ANTERIOR VIEW)
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KNEE JOINT (POSTERIOR VIEW)
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BODY MOVEMENTS

• Flexion- decrease the angle between 2
  articulating bones
• ex- arms , head, fingers
• Extension- increase the angle between 2
  articulating bones
• ex- arms, head neck
• Abduction- to take away from middle line of the
  body
• ex- limbs and fingers
• Adduction- when you bring limbs back to the
  middle line of the body
• 
  
  
• Rotation- movement around a fix angle without
  lateral displacement.
• Types
• 1- medial rotation inward
  rotation-ex limbs
• 2- lateral rotation
  outward rotation-ex-limbs
• 3- right and left
  rotation-ex-head
• 4- pronation and
  supination-ex-hands

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• Circumduction- when you make a loop with a limb
• With lateral displacement- arm , leg
  ,thumb
• Pronation- moving palm of hand down
• Supination- moving palm of hand up
• Inversion- inside of your sole moves in
• Eversion- outside of your sole moves out
• Dorsiflexion- you walk on your heals
• 
  calcaneus) and lift your toes
• Plantar FLEXION- Walking on your tipitous and
  lifting your
• heal. Ballerinas
• Protraction- to move forward-ex- jaw and shoulder
• 
  
• Retraction- to move backwards-ex- jaw and
  shoulder
• Elevation- to move up- ex-shoulders and jaw
• Depression- to move down ex- shoulders and jaw

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MARTINI
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