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Title: Multiple Intelligences, English Language Teaching, and Technology A Winning Combination!


1
Multiple Intelligences, English Language
Teaching, and Technology A Winning Combination!
  • Dr. In-Seok Kim
  • Professor of ESL and Applied Linguistics
  • Dongduk Womens University
  • President-elect of Asia Pacific Association of
    Multimedia Assisted Language Learning
  • iskim_at_dongduk.ac.kr
  • http//www.eflcall.com

2
The Theory of Multiple Intelligences
  • Traditional View of Intelligences
  • Linguistic Intelligence
  • Mathematical-Logical Intelligence
  • Gardners Ground Zero Project(1983)
  • Humans are born with various types of
    intelligences gt Seven types
  • Each person possesses a different level in each
    type of intelligence.

3
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4
Linguistic Intelligence
  • The intelligence of words
  • Love to play around with the sounds of
    language through puns, word games, and tongue
    twisters
  • Trivia experts, Masters of literacy
  • Talk persuasively, Read a lot, Write clearly
  • Journalist, storyteller, poet, lawyer, etc.

5

Logical-Mathematical Intelligence
  • The intelligence of numbers and logic
  • The ability to reason, sequence, think in
    terms of cause-and-effect, create hypotheses,
    look for numerical patterns
  • Enjoy a generally rational outlook on life
  • The intelligence of the scientists, accountant,
    and computer programmers, Newton, Einstein, etc.

6

Visual-Spatial Intelligence
  • Smart with pictures and images
  • The ability to perceive, transform, and
    recreate different aspects of the visual-spatial
    world
  • An acute sensitivity to visualize details
  • Can visualize vividly, draw, sketch their ideas
    graphically, and orient themselves in
    three-dimensional space with ease

7

Visual-Spatial Intelligence
  • Architects, photographers, artists, pilots,
    mechanical engineers
  • Designer of the Pyramids in Egypt, Thomas
    Edison, Pable Piccaso,etc.

8

Musical Intelligence
  • The capacity to perceive, appreciate, and produce
    rhythms and melodies
  • Has a good ear, can sing in tune, keep time to
    music
  • Can listen to different musical selections with
    some degree of discernment
  • Bach, Beethoven, Brahms, etc.

9

Bodily-kinesthetic Intelligence
  • The intelligence of the physical self
  • Talent in controlling ones body movement and
    handling objects skillfully
  • Athletes, craft people, mechanics, and surgeons,
    carpenter, model-building
  • Enjoy physical pursuits like hiking, dancing,
    swimming, or boating
  • Charlie Chaplin, Michael Jackson,etc

10

Interpersonal Intelligence
  • The ability to understand and work with others
  • A capacity to perceive and be responsive to the
    moods, temperaments, intentions, and desires of
    others
  • A social director on a cruise ship, administrator
    of a large corporation

11

Interpersonal Intelligence
  • Very compassionate and socially responsible like
    Gandhi, Machiavelli
  • The ability to get inside the skin of another
    person and view the world from the individual
    perspective
  • Networkers, negotiators, teachers

12

Intrapersonal Intelligence
  • The intelligence of the inner self
  • Can access ones own feelings and
    discriminate between many different kinds of
    inner emotional states
  • Can use ones self-understanding to enrich and
    guide her life
  • Very introspective, enjoy meditation,
    contemplation, deep soul searching

13

Intrapersonal Intelligence
  • Independent, highly goal-oriented, and
    self-disciplined
  • Counselors, theologians, self-employed business
    people
  • Prefer to work on their own rather than with
    others

14

The Position of Multiple Intelligences(1)
  • One can be strong in one or more of the above
    intelligences. But all possess all seven
    intelligences
  • Any normal person can develop every one of the
    seven kinds of intelligences to a reasonable
    level of mastery.

15

The Position of Multiple Intelligences(2)
  • Example German thinker Rudolf Steiner was a
    philosopher, writer, scientist, sculptor, social
    theorist, architect. He also created a system of
    dance, a theory of color, and a system of
    gardening
  • There are a few people who have developed only
    one intelligence to a high level, while the other
    intelligences lagged far behind

16

The Position of Multiple Intelligences(3)
  • We have a few intelligences that stand out, some
    that seem average, and others that we have
    difficulty with in our lives.
  • There is room for everyone to shine in this new
    model of intelligence.
  • The farmer, the parent, the painter, the
    mechanic, and the merchant have as much right to
    the term intelligence as do the psychiatrist, the
    brain surgeon, and the law professor.

17
Effective Learning through MI
  • Through new imaging techniques, scientists can
    now study the inner workings of the brain, thus
    opening a vast frontier of knowledge on human
    cognition.
  • Researchers agree that Intelligence and Learning
    are multi-dimensional.
  • Brain research supports the theory that
    throughout our lives, we are capable of growing
    new connections between neurons, and these
    connections create learning and memory.

18
Effective Learning through MI
  • Memory and intelligence are closely linked.
  • Thinking and feeling are connected because our
    patterning is emotional.
  • Our emotions open and close the doors to our
    ability to learn new information and perform
    specific tasks.
  • We are most motivated to learn when we are
    involved in activities for which we possess some
    talent.

19
Creating a State of Flow
Effective Learning through MI
  • We learn best when we are in a state of high,
    relaxed concentration where an individual is
    actively engaged in learning something new, but
    not to the point of frustration.

20
Effective Learning Through M.I. Means Triple
Coding Content
Effective Learning through MI
  • Anytime three or more intelligences are used
    to introduce new material to students, the
    greater their chances of long term retention.

21
English Language Teaching Through MI
  • MI theory offers ESL/EFL teachers a way to
    examine their best teaching techniques and
    strategies in light of human differences.
  • Two important steps
  • The first step To identify the activities
    that we frequently use in our classes and
    categorize them. And then ask which ones help
    develop verbal-linguistic intelligence ?
    Logical/mathematical intelligence ? Musical
    intelligence? Etc.

22
English Language Teaching Through MI
  • Verbal-Linguistic Intelligence
  • note-taking, listening to lectures, reading
  • books, storytelling, debates, group
    discussions, worksheets, word games, listening to
    cassettes or talking books, student speeches,
    using word processors
  • Logical-Mathematical Intelligence
  • science demonstrations and experiments, logic
    puzzles and games, story problems with numbers,
    logical/sequential presentation of subject
    matter, creating codes, calculations

23
English Language Teaching Through MI
  • Spatial/Visual Intelligence
  • using charts and grids, maps, diagrams
  • videos, slides, movies, using art, using
  • graphic organizers, visual awareness
    activities
  • visualization, photography, student drawings
  • Musical Intelligence
  • Singing, playing recorded music, playing live
    music (piano, guitar), Jazz Chants
  • music appreciation

24
English Language Teaching Through MI
  • Bodily/kinesthetic Intelligence
  • hands-on activities (information-gap), field
    trips
  • role-plays, mime, creative movements, cooking
  • Mother-may-I ?
  • Interpersonal Intelligence
  • pair work or peer teaching, conflict mediation
  • board games, group brainstorming
  • group problem-solving, project work

25
English Language Teaching Through MI
  • Intrapersonal Intelligence
  • activities with a self-evaluation component
  • interest centers, goal setting, individualized
    projects, inventories and checklists
  • options for homework
  • personal journal keeping , reflective learning
  • computer-assisted self-training

26
English Language Teaching Through MI
  • The second step
  • To track what we are doing in our lesson
    planning and teaching.
  • TESL/TEFL Multiple Intelligences Weekly
    Checklist can be used.

27
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28
Sample MI Activity
See Activity Sheet
29
Technology Enhances the Multiple Intelligences
  • At least one-third of our students are
  • vi sual learners.
  • Computers offer students a multi-sensory
    smorgasbord.

30
Various Types of Technology Support the
Intelligences
31
Student thoughts Intelligences They Feel are
Activated by Technology
32
The Integration of M.I. Technology The
Positive Effects
  • Students find topics more interesting when
    information is presented in a variety of ways.
  • Students feel more comfortable and motivated when
    they know that their learning styles will be
    addressed.
  • Students believe their learning has more meaning
    when the way in which they learn and present new
    information is acknowledged.
  • Students are more challenged, engaged, and
    independent.

33
M.I. Technology Positive Effects, cont.
  • Students have more control over what and how they
    learn (self pacing).
  • Students gain a greater sense of responsibility
    for their work.
  • Students remain on task for longer periods of
    time.

34
Positive Effects, cont.
  • Students produce higher quality work, that
    reflects the increased depth and breadth of their
    knowledge and talents.
  • Students become better at critical thinking,
    organizing evaluating information, and
    presenting their new knowledge in creative ways.

35
Verbal / Linguistic Intelligence
  • CD-ROM titles for English Learning
  • (Tell me more Kids, Q-Steps, Lets Go series,
    OUP Picture Dictionary)
  • keypal programs
  • videoconferencing program
  • (Yahoo net meeting, MSN messenger

36
Verbal / Linguistic Intelligence
  • Word processing programs (Word)
  • Typing tutors (Mavis Beacon)
  • Desktop publishing (MicroSoft Publisher)
  • Electronic libraries (World Library)
  • Word games (Missing Links)
  • Story Writing Programs (Imagination Express The
    Amazing Writing Machine Storybook Weaver)
  • Co Writer (www.donjohnston.com/catalog/cow4000s.h
    tm)

37
Verbal / Linguistic Intelligence
  • Internet Resources for Teachers
  • www.riverdeep.com
  • www.nifl.gov/nifl/eliteracy
  • www.glef.org
  • www.learningspace.org
  • www.iearn.org
  • www.iste.org

38
Logical / Mathematical Intelligence
  • Millies Mathhouse (The Learning Company)
  • The Adventures of Jasper Woodbury
  • (developed by Vanderbilt University)
  • - Rescue at Boones Meadow (5th Grade)
  • http//peabody.vanderbilt.edu/ltc/Research/
  • jasper.overview.html
  • Critical thinking programs (H.O.T.S.- Higher
    Order
  • Thinking Skills Visual Venture)
    http//www.hots.org
  • Lost Mind of Dr. Brain (Sierra)

39
Logical / Mathematical Intelligence
  • Math skills tutorials (Math Blaster Treasure
    Math Storm Math Rock! Cosmic Geometry Astro
    Algebra)
  • Computer programming tutors (LOGO)
  • Logic games (King's Quest)
  • Strategy games (Strategy Series)
  • Science programs (Science Tool Kits DK
    Multimedia Gizmos Gadgets)
  • Microworld (www.kidsandcomputers.com)
  • Math brain twister programs

40
Visual/Spatial Intelligence
  • Magic Books Software (HIT Lab) virtual reality
    book
  • Virtual Explorer (UC/San Diego) science-based
    reality adventure (http//www.wilson.ucsd.edu/ve)
  • Drawing Tools
  • Scholastic HyperScreen Software built-in
    fonts, clip art, and drawing tools
  • CrossPad Apple Newton

41
Visual/Spatial Intelligence
  • Animation programs (Art/Film Director KidPix)
  • Clip-Art programs (Print Shop)
  • Draw Paint programs (Print Artist)
  • Electronic chess games (Chessmaster)
  • Spatial problem solving games (Dr.Brain Thinking
    Things)
  • Electronic puzzle kits (Living Jigsaws)
  • Geometry programs (Sensei's Geometry
    TesselMania, Tetris)
  • Digital Imagery/Graphics Programs (Adobe, Photo
    Editor)

42
Bodily/Kinesthetic Intelligence
  • Tetris game (Alexey Pazhitnov) - fast decision
  • making hands-eye coordination
  • http//vadim.www.media.mit.edu/Tetris.htm
  • StarLogo (MITs Media Lab)
  • http//www.media.mit.edu/starlogo
  • Personal Science Lab (Broderbund)
  • Jason Project (electronic field trips)
  • http//www.jasonproject.org
  • TPR software

43
Musical/Rhythmic Intelligence
  • Band-in-a-Box (PG software)
  • Singing software (Transforms voice input into
    synthesizer sounds)
  • Tone recognition and melody enhancers (Arnold
    SimTunes)
  • Musical instrument digital interfaces (Midi)
  • Musical Problem Solving (Making Music Music
    Ace Dr.Brain)
  • http//www.harmonicvision.com/products.htm

44
Interpersonal Intelligence
  • CUseeMe, ICQ (web.icq.com)
  • MSN messinger, Net Meeting (Yahoo)
  • Electronic bulletin boards (Kidsnet)
  • Simulation games (Sim City)
  • E-mail programs (Outlook, Eudora)
  • iEARN website http//iearn/org.about/index.htm
  • Online pen-pal programs (http//keypals.com)
  • Surfaquarium (http//surfaquarium.com)
  • Multiuser virtual envornments Tapped In
  • http//tappedin.org

45
Intrapersonal Intelligence
  • Personal choice software (Decisions, Decisions)
  • Career counseling software (The Perfect Career)
  • Inspiration or kidspiration (www.inspiration.com)
  • Any self-paced program (Foreign Languages
    Personal finances)
  • Decisions, Decisions
  • Graphic Organizer Index (www.graphic.org)
  • Intelligent Tutoring Systems (Dave ESL by MIT)

46
Conclusion (1)
  • MI theory offers ESL/EFL teachers a way to
    examine their best teaching techniques and
    strategies in light of human differences.
  • Teachers language-learning materials affect the
    multiple intelligence profiles of their students.
  • We must identify the activities that we
    frequently use in our classes and categorize them
    to see which ones help develop which types of
    students intelligences

47
Conclusion (2)
  • The use of technology in English language
    teaching should be maximized since the technology
    and MI provides a winning combination. This means
    that English teaching with technology is believed
    to influence students learning more than any
    other medium.
  • The MI-based teaching of English with technology
    will help students develop seven kinds of their
    intelligences. This being the case, students can
    get smarter through learning English through
    technology.

48
Conclusion (3)
  • In the future multimedia software that will
    assist students in developing their intelligences
    through learning English is likely to be
    developed.
  • The caveat of MI-based language learning through
    technology is that such a combination will surely
    help teachers create activities that will be
    flexible, reflective, logical, and
  • The End
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