The Ocean Habitat

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The Ocean Habitat

• The largest habitat on Earth makes up to 97
  of all livable space on Earth

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Land Influenced Zones

• Better known as The Neritic Zone
• Shallow area of ocean water in which land has an
  impact
• Coastal zones of the ocean
• Usually with 3-5 miles of coastline of Continents

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Land Un-Influenced Zones

• Better known as the Pelagic zone
• Open ocean
• Land has no effect or little impact
• Majority of the oceans habitat

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Pelagic or Open Water Zones defined by Light
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Pelagic Zones

• Epipelagic Zone0-200 meters in depth
• (all colors visible at first)
• Mesopelagic Zone200-1000 meters
• (twilight zone light and dark no color)
• Bathypelagic Zone1000-4000 meters
• (no sunlight visible from this depth and below)
• Abyssopelagic Zone4000-6000 meters
• Hadalpelagic Zone6000-10000 meters

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Epipelagic zone adaptations

• Countershading
• Concealment (dermesal (dwelling near the bottom)
  or vegetal (around plants) )
• Disruptive-stripes or dots
• Advertisement
• Mimicry-can mimic other animals
• Transparent

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Adaptations

• As environments change
• Animals (marine and terrestrial ), bacteria,
  fungi, insects, etc
• MUST adapt or they will DIE off.
• (The Dodo bird is
• An excellent example.)

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Variations in species can help (or hurt) an
animals chance to survive

• Variations can allow
• -Animals adapt better to a new environment.
• - Allow an animal to blend into its
  environment.
• - Provide a greater opportunity for an animal to
  reproduce. (party time !)

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Countershading is a form of adaptation.
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Concealment--Camouflage

• Dermersal
• (looks like a
• rock.)
• Vegetal
• (Looks like a
• Plant)

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Disruptive Patternssuch as stripes or dots-
allow the fish to con
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Advertisementbrightly colored--POISONOUS
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MimicryBrightly ColoredNOT poisonous
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Epipelagic Adaptations

• Body FormStreamed-lined
• Musculature-Strong Swimmers
• Size-All sizes found here
• Eyes-Well developed/large

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Mesoplagic Adaptations

• Coloration
• Black with or without silvery sides
• Counter Illumination (glowing organs)
• Body formed Relatively long but sides squeezed
  in

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Mesopelagic Adaptations

• Musculature Moderately strong swimmers some weak
• Eyes Very Large Sensitive eyes

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2 Biggest Challenges for Deep Sea Life

• Scarcity or Lack of food Must evolve way of
  obtaining food that rarely gets there
• Expandable stomachs or great smell
• Great Water pressure
• 33 ft of water equal same pressure as 36 miles of
  air

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Deep Pelagic Adaptations(Bathypelagic-Hadalpelagi
c)

• Color Black or red
• Bioluminscence-attract prey at times (organs glow)

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Deep Pelagic Adaptations(Bathypelagic-Hadalpelagi
c)

• Shape-Globular (round shape)Large Head
• Musculature Weak swimmers mainly
• Fins modified as sensory organs
• Size-Most small but some are large
• Eyes-Small or absent (eyes if using
  bioluminescence)

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Deep Pelagic
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Benthic ZoneLife in the sand

• Coloration Black or Brown
• Shape Elongated or flattened
• Strong Muscles (to borrow in sand)
• Size Relatively Large
• Eyes Small

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