Title: Indices for Sustainable Resource Management: Some Generic Thoughts and An Application to Water Resources Management:
1Indices for Sustainable Resource ManagementSome
Generic Thoughts and An Application to Water
Resources Management
- Kenneth Strzepek
- University of Colorado
-
- CISHDGC CMU
2Indicators/Indices in Our Lives
- Numbers we should know
- Cholesterol Level (HDL/LDL)
- Blood Pressure
- Men (Cancer Marker)
- Nikkei
- Dow Jones
- GINI Coefficient
- Plus/Minus Goals Against
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4What is an indicator good for?
- The role of an indicator is
- to monitor performance (over time and across
cases) - to quantify (reduce uncertainty) and
- to simplify (reduce complexity).
-
- "indicators fulfill the social purpose to improve
communication" (WRI 1995) - Depending on who the audience of that
communication process is, - indicators should
- describe and diagnose trends of states and
developments - and identify limiting factors,
- educate the general public,
- help prepare political decisions and
- contribute to evaluating measures that have
been undertaken.
5Human Development Report
- Four composite indices for human development have
been developed - the Human Development Index,
- the Gender-related Development Index,
- the Gender Empowerment Measure, and
- the Human Poverty Index.
6Environmental Indicator
- United Nations Commission on Sustainable
Development CSD - OECD Environmental Indicators Towards
Sustainable Development - European System of Environmental Pressure Indices
- Interagency Working Group on Sustainable
Development Indicators - The Environmental Sustainability Index (ESI)
Yale/CIESEN)
7EU JRC EPI Dashboard
8WRI Information/indicator pyramid
9Modified Strict Pyramid
10From Data to InformationA strict Taxonomy
- Indicator must be more than number they must
include knowledge about the issue that the
indicator is trying to provide insight to, if it
is going to be educate the general public, help
prepare political decisions - Following in an example we can all relate to
11Variable to Indicator
12 13Indicator to IndexAre you fit ?
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16Conditional Indexes
- BMI w / h2
- A recognized problem with the body mass index is
that it doesn't distinguish between fat weight
and muscle weight. A modified BMI formula that
takes fat content into account - BMI' (aFF aLL) / h2
- where F is fat weight, L is lean weight, and aF
and aL are constants chosen to satisfy the
following two conditions - BMI' BMI for persons (of any weight) with a
body fat content of 20 - aF 2aL? aF 1.66 aL 0.83
- These conditions respectively imply that
- BMI' is approximately equal to BMI for "average"
persons - fat weight counts twice as much toward BMI' as
lean weight so for an average person, an
exercise program that puts on 2 pounds of muscle
for every pound of fat it burns off
17Scale Issues inIndicators Spatial, Temporal,
Distributional
18Zoom to Botswana
Botswana
Southern Africa Region
19BOTSWANIAN USE TO YIELD RATIO
20Demand for ???
21Temporal Issues
22Stochastic Issues
23Distribution Issues
24The three linked assessment components of the WWDR
25The Problem
- "I am determined to be wise"--
- but this was beyond me.
- Whatever wisdom may be,
- it is far off and most profound--
- who can discover it?
- Ecc 724-25
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27The Answer
- Plans fail for lack of counsel,
- but with many advisers they succeed.
- PR 1522
- Solomon Middle East Stakeholder
28The Answer
- I can by with a little help from my friends
- Joe Cocker
29Expert Group Recommendations
- WWDR would be a major coordinated initiative of
the UN system that would cover two distinct areas
for each country - water resources assessment, development and
management, to be examined mainly at
basin/aquifer levels and - water infrastructure and services management,
including consumptive and non-consumptive uses
and disposal, to be analyzed mainly at the local
level. - Information on those two distinct areas and
levels would have to be aggregated at country
level, for the WWDR
30The Expert Group Meeting concluded that...
- A more global picture of the current situation of
water resources availability and uses in all
countries, using data of regional and global
databases, will be produced, with a special focus
on the reliability and comparability of the data,
together with appropriate comments. - The guiding principle of the exercise is
Sustainable Development, centred on basic human
needs. As such, the WWDR intends to present and
use information in a manner similar to that of
the UNDPs Human Development Report, and will
integrate water-related parameters with
socioeconomic parameters, through appropriate
links between the two reports and use of
synthetic indexes. - )A methodological research needs to be
conducted, to find the most meaningful and simple
way to link, for example, the following water
access macro-economic and physical context
household revenues and human health or to
link water and sanitation pollution waste
water treatments and disposal and the status of
renewable water resources with the health of the
environment.
31The Expert Group Meeting concluded that...
- Modern tools , such as data bases, satellite
imagery, GIS, models and WEB sites, will be used
progressively to compile, analyse and diffuse, at
country level and as appropriate, relevant and
reliable information. - It has been recalled that beneficiaries of the
project will be, in the first place, the
participating countries and their
decision-makers, specifically those in the water
sector, in order to stimulate and accelerate
changes towards sustainable water development and
management. A more effective and targeted support
of the international community to such local and
national efforts is another important objective
of this UN report on water.
32The Chicken and Egg ProblemsDynamic Cyclical
Definition
33Indicator Consultants
34Data to Indicators
35 Water Quality No WQ Data?Use simple models
totake agro-ind-municpal activites to loads
to stream Water Quality
Using Models for Generating Data
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37Driving Force to Loads
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40Indicator
41Framework for Developing Indicators
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46Sustainable Water Mgt ?
47Lessons
- Institutional Issues
- Data v. Insight
- Simple v. Complex
- Scale Issues Insights or misleading
- Human Nature Issues Developers, Users, and
Audience - Have lots of Cash in the Bank