Training Module 1 Integrated Coastal Management and Communication

1
Training Module 1Integrated Coastal Management
and Communication

• Chapter 1
• Introduction to Sustainable Coastal Development
• R. Ernšteins, J. Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S.
  Kuršinska

2
COBWEB Project Communicating the Baltic
COBWEB, Interreg IV A, the European Union
2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
3
COBWEB project Introduction I

• Project creates models of co-operation in the
  field of environmental education and
  communication between
• universities,
• environmental and nature schools and
• museums, and
• other local stakeholders to be involved,
• in order to strengthen the connection between the
  SOURCES of environmental knowledge and USERS at
  the coastal areas-municipalities in the Central
  Baltics sea region.

COBWEB, Interreg IV A, the European Union
2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
4
COBWEB project Introduction II

• COBWEB promotes sustainable development in the
  Central Baltic region.
• Key actors of the project - universities,
  museums, nature and environmental schools, are
  building together environmental educational
• training materials and training programmes, which
  combine the latest knowledge 
• on environmental GOVERNANCE and SUSTAINABILITY,
  particularly in coastal areas
• with effective environmental COMMUNICATION as the
  main emphasis both as the municipal-coastal
  management INSTRUMENT and SECTOR and in their
  COMPLEMENTARITY.

COBWEB, Interreg IV A, the European Union
2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
5
COBWEB project Introduction III

• COBWEB - Work Package 3
• Coastal Communication resources training
• Baltic coastal awareness - educators turning to
  coastal communication involving stakeholders and
  enhancing public participation.
• Main products to be produced ALSO
  internationally
• 1- Coastal Training Modules (TM)
• TM1 Integrated coastal management and
  communication
• TM2 Coastal communication for sustainable
  development
• TM3 Environmental communication collaboration
  principle (in Latvian)
• 2- Related documentation and Resource material
  (RM)

COBWEB, Interreg IV A, the European Union
2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
6
COBWEB project Introduction IV

• Training module (TM) outline
• Slide presentation package
• Resource Pack resource material in English
• Coastal municipalities CASE STUDIES (CS)
• Bibliography

COBWEB, Interreg IV A, the European Union
2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
7
COBWEB project Introduction V

• TRAINING MODULE 2 Coastal Communication approach

• TRAINING MODULE 1
• Coastal Management approach

TRAINING MODULE 3 Collaboration approach

• Introduction to sustainable
• coastal development
• 2. Environmental governance
• and coastal municipalities
• from theory to practice
• 3. Integrated coastal zone
• management
• 4. Indicators for sustainable
• development local municipality case
• 5. Collaboration governance
• approach
• 6. Household environmental
• management
• 7. Climate change adaptation
• governance for municipalities
• 8. ICZM Programme
• Saulkrasti municipality case

• Introduction to coastal
• communication
• 2. Environmental communication
• from theory to practice
• 3. Integrated approach
• environmental communication
• integration into municipal
• environmental management
• and development planning
• 4. Disciplinary approach
• Environmental communication
• for Liepaja municipality
• 5. Coastal communication
• best practice
• 6. Coastal risk communication
• 7. Green municipality public
• relations and communication
• 8. Coastal communication
• Action Programme

• Introduction into environmental communication
• Collaboration communication model
• Municipal environmental communication instruments
  for collaboration communication
• 3.1. Environmental information instruments
• 3.2. Environmental education instruments
• 3.3. Public participation instruments
• 3.4. Environmentally friendly behavior
  instruments
• 3.5. Collaboration instruments
• 4. Environmental communication best practice
  examples in Latvian coastal municipalities

COBWEB, Interreg IV A, the European Union
2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
8
Training Module 1Integrated Coastal Management
and Communication
COBWEB, Interreg IV A, the European Union
2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
9
Introduction I

• Governance environment
• Governance environment is an important pilar in
  successful implementation of environmental
  governance and in ensuring sustainable
  development of a territory,
• Governance development is important in the
  context of TM2
• Coastal specifics
• As in any other territory, the interests of
  nature and the social and economic interests of
  man often collide, and the more so in the coastal
  area with its ecological, cultural and historical
  specifics and appeal. In addition, there are
  often land and sea conflicts in the coastal area,
  and man is in the middle of this conflicting
  environment.
• Environmental governance theoretical basis
• Development of environmental governance is viewed
  through the collaboration governance principle as
  integrated and balanced governance of
  nature-social environment interaction
• TM 1 Module both outlines enviromental governance
  concept on vertical and horizontal integration,
  cyclic planning and implementation process, key
  approaches, and describes the contents of
  environmental governance i.e. 8 target groups,
  thematic sectors and 6 environmental governance
  dimensions.

COBWEB, Interreg IV A, the European Union
2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
10
Introduction II

• Focussing practical implementation of
  environmental governance to the local level,
  research is directed at local municipalities
  taking into account their specifics.
• Coastal management implementation at the local
  level comprises activities by all key interest
  groups and scope of their interests, focussing in
  particular on two key target groups
• Municipality on one side, selecting development
  planning and ICZM approach
• Resident (household) action development on the
  other side - acting both in their internal
  environment and also affecting and participating
  in maintaining the external environment.
• In studying the interaction of the top-down and
  bottom-up approaches, five concepts are realised
  in TM1module
• 1. environmental governance concept and
  approaches
• 2. municipal action development and ICZM,
• 3. residents and household environmental
  management
• 4. indicators how to mutually assess progress
  of actions on every level (resident, municipal)
  towards sustainability
• 5. specific cases ICZM case studies carried out
  in a particular municipality, and recommendations
  are given to municipality on further development
  of the territory.

COBWEB, Interreg IV A, the European Union
2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
11
Contents

• Introduction to sustainable coastal development
• Environmental governance and coastal
  municipalities from theory to practice
• Integrated coastal zone management
• Indicators for sustainable development local
  municipality case
• Collaboration governance approach.
• Household environmental management development in
  Latvia.
• ICZM Programme Saulkrasti Municipality case

COBWEB, Interreg IV A, the European Union
2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
12
1. Introduction to sustainable development
COBWEB, Interreg IV A, the European Union
2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
13
Introduction to sustainable coastal development

• Theoretical framework of environmental governance
  includes
• 4P cycle model, 8 target groups, 6 environmental
  governance
• dimensions, 8 thematic sectors
• Coastal zones as vulnerable and densely populated
  areas
• are in special need of good environmental
  governance
• practice implementation several examples and
  studies
• have been carried out on the development of such
  territories.

COBWEB, Interreg IV A, the European Union
2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
14
Sustainable coastal management definition

• Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) is a
  dynamic, multi-disciplinary and iterative process
  to promote sustainable management of coastal
  zones.
• "Integrated" in ICZM refers to the integration of
  objectives and also to the integration of the
  many instruments needed to meet these objectives.
  It means integration of all relevant policy
  areas, sectors, and levels of administration. It
  means integration of the terrestrial and marine
  components of the target territory, in both time
  and space.
• J.Kaulinš

COBWEB, Interreg IV A, the European Union
2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
15
Key principles for successful ICZM

1. A broad "holistic" perspective
2. A long term perspective
3. Adaptive management during a gradual process
4. Reflect local specificity
5. Work with natural processes
6. Participatory planning
7. Support involvement of all relevant
   administrative bodies
8. Use of a combination of instruments

COBWEB, Interreg IV A, the European Union
2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
16
1.4. Key tools for ICZM

• Legislation
• state legislation, local regulatory documents
• Planning
• development strategies and sector plans, spatial
  planning
• Economics and finance
• participation in state programmes, attraction of
  international funds, rational budget planning,
  strengthening of taxation framework
• Infrastructure
• traffic routes, tourism and recreation
  facilities, nature and landscape protection,
  facilitated areas
• Communication
• website development, local information systems

COBWEB, Interreg IV A, the European Union
2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
17
1.5. Situation analysis Integrated management

• Stakeholder groups
• Regulatory/planning frame analysis
• Sectorial analysis
• _________________________
• Nature environment D
• Economics Tourism E, ET
• Social environment S
• Governance Communication P

COBWEB, Interreg IV A, the European Union
2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
18
1.6. Indicators as part of local governance
planning

• Documentation of IS, prepared at initial and
  implementation stages of the indicator system, is
  a relatively independent part for a
  municipality's development strategy. It could be
  designed as a handbook, containing
• short overall description of the indicator
  system,
• standard indicator form set.
• List of indicators with brief descriptions could
  be prepared for publishing on municipality
  website.
• Full indicator and system report contains
• reports for separate indicators,
• common assessment of sustainability and other key
  conclusions.
• Public report on indicators could be designed as
  an illustrated and well-designed fact sheet.
• Public report could be prepared as an appendix to
  annual municipality report and contain
• a set of fact-sheets for separate indicators,
• common assessment of sustainability and other key
  conclusions.
• The main difference between the full and public
  reports is in the form of explanation and
  terminology.

COBWEB, Interreg IV A, the European Union
2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
19
1.7. Coastal sustainability assessment in Europe

• Latvia was among 9 partner countries in the EU
  INTERREG III project DEDUCE, 2003-2007.
• Goal of the project assessment of coastal
  sustainability for partner countries.
• Importance of project EU-supported basis for a
  unified indicator system and for preparation of
  EU directive providing for implementation and
  application of such system.
• 45 indicators were elaborated and calculated in
  every country, illustrating the following
  branches of coastal governance (i.e., system was
  oriented towards the following goals)
• To control the population density of natural
  areas of the coast.
• To protect and promote the diversity of natural
  and cultural heritage.
• To promote sustainable economy for the coast.
• To ensure a good state of the bathing waters and
  the coast.
• To reduce social exclusion in coastal
  communities.
• Respectful use of natural resources.
• To recognize the risks for the coast associated
  to climate change and to ensure the protection of
  ecosystems.

COBWEB, Interreg IV A, the European Union
2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
20
1.8. Project DEDUCE Goals

• 1. To characterize, calculate and compare the use
  and compatibility of the 28 indicators of
  sustainability proposed by the ICZM Expert Group
  in each of the territories represented by the
  partners.
• 2. To evaluate and compare the geographical
  information systems (GIS) for the analysis and
  viewing of the state of the environment of each
  of the coastal areas and the methodologies based
  on the use of the GIS through the website
  GIS-WEB).
• 3. To establish common models of reporting on the
  state of sustainability of the coast, in which
  the effects of human activities and their
  potentiality are evaluated and monitored.
• 4. The drawing up of a guide for the use of the
  indicators of sustainability for examining the
  development of the state of the coast and whether
  the decision making of the governments (European,
  national, regional and local) is based on
  integrated coastal management.
• 5. To study the possibilities of setting up bases
  for a European network specializing in
  information about the coast.

COBWEB, Interreg IV A, the European Union
2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
21
Coastal zone definition Project DEDUCE
COBWEB, Interreg IV A, the European Union
2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
22
Planning documents for coastal development

• Recommendation of the EP and of the Council
  concerning the implementation of ICZM in Europe
• Key provisions for spatial development of coastal
  zone, 2011-2017
• Sustainable development strategy for Latvia until
  2030
• National environment policy plan, 2004 2008
• Environmental policy guidelines, 2009 2015

COBWEB, Interreg IV A, the European Union
2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
23
2. Environmental governance and coastal
municipalities from theory to practice
COBWEB, Interreg IV A, the European Union
2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
24
Introduction

• Environmental governance looks at development
  through the collaboration governance principle as
  integrated and harmonised management of
  interaction between natural and social
  environments
• 4P cycle model forms the theoretical basis of
  environmental governance the presentation
  outlines the vertical and horizontal structure of
  environmental governance and environmental
  governance dimensions
• Coastal zones as vulnerable and densely populated
  areas are in special need of good environmental
  governance practice implementation several
  examples and studies have been carried out on the
  development of such territories.

COBWEB, Interreg IV A, the European Union
2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
25
Environmental governance and coastal
municipalities from theory to practice

• Aim of the module is to describe the theoretical
  structure of environmental
• management concept, 4P cycle model, thematic
  sectors, target groups,
• dimensions.
• Contents
• Environmental governance guidelines
• Environmental governance cycle
• Environmental governance sectors
• Environmental governance vertical structure
• Environmental governance target groups
• Environmental governance dimensions
• Environmental governance approaches (J. Benders)
• Environmental governance monitoring (J. Kaulins)
• Collaboration governance environmental
  governance paradigm
• Integrated coastal zone management (J. Kaulins)
• Household environmental management
• Climate change adaptation governance for
  municipalities

COBWEB, Interreg IV A, the European Union
2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
26
Environmental governance definition

• Evironmental governance is a subsequent cyclic
  development of
• environmental problem solutions policy and
  implementation planning, action
• programming and implementation of specific
  projects as a systemic whole,
• which ensures realisation of the key
  environmental management functions in
• national and municipal, household and corporate
  management, in close
• co-operation among all governmental,
  non-governmental and professional
• interest groups.
• (R. Ernsteins)

COBWEB, Interreg IV A, the European Union
2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
27
Environmental management cycle

• Key functions in environmental governance
• assessment of specific environmental problems
  caused through natural and social environment
  interaction,
• alternative solutions planning,
• planning of adopted decision implementation and
  control functions.
• Environmental governance based on 4P model.
• 4 P model consists of four complementary
  stages
• P1 - Problem analysis,
• P2 - Policy definition,
• P3 Planning,
• P4 Programming
• Plus additionally - project development (P5)

Source Ernsteins R.
COBWEB, Interreg IV A, the European Union
2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
28
Environmental governance concepts
Environment Nature Society
Source Ernsteins R.
COBWEB, Interreg IV A, the European Union
2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
29
Environmental management dimensions and sectors

• Environmental governance sectors

• 6 environmental management dimensions

1. International environmental governance dimension
2. National environmental governance dimension
3. Municipal environmental governance dimension
4. Mediatory environmental governance dimension
5. Corporate environmental governance dimension
6. Household environmental governance dimension

• Biodiversity
• Earth resource and landscape management
• Water management
• Air and climate protection
• Energy management
• Waste management
• Environmental health
• Environmental communication

COBWEB, Interreg IV A, the European Union
2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
30
3. Integrated coastal zone management
COBWEB, Interreg IV A, the European Union
2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
31
Introduction

• Integrated management is the most successful and
  up-to-date method for sustainable governance in
  the coastal zone. The integrated management
  method, unlike the traditional branch management
  method, deals not only with branch analysis but
  also includes branch interfaces (integrative
  problem areas) and concentrates directly on
  solving identified problems.
• This chapter reports on the basics of the
  integrated management method and is illustrated
  with cases from management practice.

COBWEB, Interreg IV A, the European Union
2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
32
Contents

1. Key principles of integrated coastal zone
   management (ICZM)
2. Tools and sources for ICZM
3. Principles for elaborating integrated coastal
   zone management plan
4. ICZM Case study EU Interreg project DEDUCE
5. ICZM Case study Saulkrasti municipality
6. Sources

COBWEB, Interreg IV A, the European Union
2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
33
Sustainable coastal management definition

• Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) is a
  dynamic, multi-
• disciplinary and iterative process to promote
  sustainable management of
• coastal zones.
• "Integrated" in ICZM refers to the integration of
  objectives and also to
• the integration of the many instruments needed to
  meet these
• objectives. It means integration of all relevant
  policy areas, sectors, and
• levels of administration. It means integration of
  the terrestrial and
• marine components of the target territory, in
  both time and space.
• J.Kaulinš

COBWEB, Interreg IV A, the European Union
2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
34
4. Indicators for sustainable development
COBWEB, Interreg IV A, the European Union
2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
35
Indicators for sustainable development

• Sustainable development is a very complex
  process. It can be measured
• correctly only when the numerous variable factors
  are taken into account.
• It can be done with the help of the indicator
  method, where any indicator
• is a strictly formalised numeric value or group
  of similar values. Indicators
• are linked in a logical system and their
  measurements let us judge the
• overall sustainability or success in individual
  sectors.
• This chapter reports on the principles of
  designing an indicator and
• indicator systems and provides illustrations from
  practical experience
• cases.

COBWEB, Interreg IV A, the European Union
2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
36
Contents

• 1. General principles for sustainable and
  integrative management
• 2. Indicators for governance
• 3. Coastal zone indicator distinctions
• 4. Indicator systems
• 5. The role of indicators in planning processes
• 6. Information for indicators
• 7. Documentation for indicators
• 8. Basic principles for the assessment of
  indicators
• 9. Use of indicators for assessment of coastal
  sustainability cases
• 10. Problems and limits for using indicator
  method
• 11. Sources

COBWEB, Interreg IV A, the European Union
2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
37
Why indicators?

• An indicator is something that helps you
  understand where
• you are, which way you are going and how far you
  are from
• where you want to be. A good indicator alerts you
  to a
• problem before it gets too bad and helps you
  recognize what
• needs to be done to fix the problem. They allow
  you to
• see where the problem areas are and help show the
  way to
• fix those problems.
• (Maureen Hart, 2006).

COBWEB, Interreg IV A, the European Union
2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
38
Systems of indicators

• Allow separating general and specific (coastal in
  our case) information
• Allow demonstrating different facets of common
  processes
• Analysis of various indicators in their
  interrelations allows making integrative decisions

COBWEB, Interreg IV A, the European Union
2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
39
Indicators and stakeholders

• Elaboration of an indicator system embodies one
  of the most effective forms of public
  participation because
• indicators offer new information for the public,
• elaboration of indicators, data gathering and
  calculation involves somebody possessing
  important information.
• Indicator initiative processes are not less
  significant than the result the elaborated
  indicators.
• Indicators are a tool of information helping to
  simplify it, determine priorities for data
  gathering and provide an opportunity of good
  visual display for calculated information. A
  selected set of indicators is part of the data
  flow that can be used for qualitative decisions
  and well-planned activities. Thus, the process of
  elaboration of indicators and an indicator set is
  directly connected to strategic development
  planning.

COBWEB, Interreg IV A, the European Union
2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
40
Indicator as an element of communication

• Clearly defined by matter formulating values
  with real significance (household income, etc.).
• With political meaning for all forces forming the
  political system for a given level of governance.
• Getting an appropriate overview of situation
  not too much and not too little.
• Interesting, challenging stakeholders to take
  specific measures.
• Democratic the public must know the results of
  measurements done by experts results must be
  accessible.
• Complementary and involving the public
  selection and calculation of indicators is the
  task of professionals, but measuring and
  discussion can and must be public.
• Open for discussions, changes and development.

COBWEB, Interreg IV A, the European Union
2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
41
5. Collaboration governance approach
COBWEB, Interreg IV A, the European Union
2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
42
Contents

• The aim of the chapter is to describe the
  collaboration governance model
• structure. The model is proposed to serve as the
  fundamental model of
• environmental management. The main principle is
  collaboration realization
• among all involved actors and stakeholders for
  governance sector
• development.
• Collaboration governance model structure
• Governance stakeholders collaboration development
• Vertical and horizontal integrative thematic
  collaboration development
• Instruments collaboration development
• Assessement system development
• Governance collaboration communication
  development
• Collaboration management model approbation for
  governance sector development Saulkrasti county
  
• Governance collaboration model
• Bibliography

COBWEB, Interreg IV A, the European Union
2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
43
Introduction

• The Collaboration governance model consists of 5
  main components and 17 sub-components
• The model has been approbated in Saulkrasti
  county for governance sector development
  planning.
• The model has generally been assessed as
  applicable for governance sector development
  planning it is suitable for systemic policy
  programming work.
• Ernsteins R. 2008

COBWEB, Interreg IV A, the European Union
2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
44
The key components of collaboration governance
model

• Governance stakeholders collaboration
  development
• Vertical and horizontal integrative thematic
  collaboration development
• Instruments collaboration development
• Assessment system collaboration development
• Governance communication development.
• Ernsteins R.

COBWEB, Interreg IV A, the European Union
2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
45
Collaboration governance model

• Governance stakeholders collaboration development
• Local government internal stakeholders
  collaboration development
• Vertical collaboration development
• Horizontal collaboration development
• Local government external collaboration
  development
• Local government collaboration with local
  stakeholders
• Local government collaboration with other
  stakeholders
• Vertical and horizontal integrative thematic
  collaboration
• Vertical collaboration development among sector
  actors
• Horizontal collaboration development among sector
  actors
• Development of Instruments collaboration
• Planning instruments development
• Legislation and administrative instruments
  development
• Infrastructure and institutional instruments
  development
• Financial and economic instruments development
• Communication instruments development
• Integrative instruments collaboration
  development.
• Ernsteins R.

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Collaboration governance model

• Assessment system development
• Bottomup assessment approach development
• Topdown assessment approach development
• Development of integrative top-down and bottom-up
  approaches in assessment process
• Governance collaboration communication
• development
• Governance collaboration information development
• Governance collaboration education development
• Governance collaboration participation
  development
• Good governance collaboration practice
  development
• Ernsteins R.

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2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
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6. Household environmental management
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2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
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Introduction

• The aim of this chapter is to introduce issues
  related to household sustainable
• consumption development in Latvia.
• The household is the first life-cycle environment
  and households are the main consumer sector in
  Latvia. At the same time, in realizing
  sustainable consumption, households are
  influenced by various factors and actors in the
  external environment as well as internal.
• Household environmental management development in
  Latvia needs to be
• promoted with a systemic approach.
• Contents
• Households and sustainable consumption
• Need for household sustainable consumption in
  Latvia
• Environmentally friendly behaviour impact
  factors in Latvia
• Household environmental management
• Household environmental management instruments
• Household environmental management development in
  Latvia

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2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
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Introduction

• Household environmental management (HEM) is
  defined as one of 6 environmental governance
  dimensions it focuses on household sustainable
  consumption promotion
• Presentation introduces current developments in
  household sustainable consumption promotion in
  Latvia
• Principal consumption categories with highest
  impact on environment are housing, food and
  transport
• Housing cluster has been described indepth,
  analyzing the structure and key actions in each
  sub-sector.
• Presentation includes 5 practical examples in HEM
  development in Latvian context
• Municipal competition example Liepaja
  competition on neatest building
• Resident self-organization example idea actions
• Riga household example
• Valmiera city municipal action example
• Expert evaluation on household environmental
  management development in Latvia

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2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
50
Household environmental management

• Household environmental management (HEM) is
  environmental management of a dwelling (private
  house, appartment) and its surroundings either
  individually or jointly by the residents of a
  specific territory, including environmentaly
  friendly
• building environment,
• Energy supply and use
• Water supply and use
• Food consumption
• other everyday products, goods or services
  consumption
• Waste management
• Mobility
• Leisure activities and lifestyle
• HEM includes the entire environmental management
  cycle from situation assessment and environmental
  policy development to solutions planning and
  action programming for practical activities in
  the management of a dwelling and its internal and
  external environment.
• (Lice, Ensteins 2010)

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2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
51
7. ICZM Programme Saulkrasti municipality case
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2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
52
Introduction

• This chapter gives further details about the
  integrated coastal
• zone management case of Saulkrasti municipality
  elaboration of
• integrated management guidelines, system of
  indicators for
• measurement of success of management progress and
  overview
• about proposed demonstaration projects for
  implementation of
• the management programme.

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2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
53
Contents

1. Saulkrasti municipality
2. Key components of ICZM guidelines
3. Integrative problem areas overview
4. Integrative problem areas analysis
5. Other components indicators for sustainable
   governance and demonstration projects
6. Conclusions
7. Sources

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2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
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Sustainability blocks in Saulkrasti municipality

• Natural environment
• Economic environment
• Tourism environment (analysed separately as of
  particular importance for Saulkrasti municipality
  development)
• Social environment
• Governance and communication

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2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
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Coastal zone
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2011 University of Latvia, Department of
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Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
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Principal integrative problem areas in Saulkrasti
municipality

1. The protective zone for coastal dunes erosion,
   management, biodiversity
2. Implementation of strategic management principles
   in public services sector
3. Port complex
4. Development planning
5. Resources of nature, cultural history and
   recreation as preconditions for tourism
   development

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2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
57
Principal integrative problem areas in Saulkrasti
municipality

1. Role of entrepeneurship in promotion of tourism
   development
2. Quality of life for residents
3. Polycentricity, or existance of several centres
   with equivalent dominance in the municipality
   area
4. Collaboration governance for coastal
   municipality
5. ICZM coastal communication

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2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
J.K.2010
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Integrative problem areas the analysis structure

• Problem formulation
• Policy values, intentions and goals
• Key policy principles
• Policy declaration
• Spheres of activity
• Preconditions, resources and tools
• Indicators
• Basis for the management cycle

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2011 University of Latvia, Department of
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Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
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Indicator system for measuring coastal
sustainability in Saulkrasti

• D1. Green frame status
• D2. Potential environmental loads from public
  utilities
• D3. Air quality and climate change factors
• D4. Surface water quality
• D5. Land use development
• D6. Nature risks
• E1. Economically active people
• E2. Municipality budget
• E3. Traffic routes
• E4. Skulte port development
• E5. Tourism characteristics ET
• S1. Health care characteristics
• S2. Support for cultural environment
• S3. Employment and entrepreneurship
• S4. Social care and social security
• S5. Education system characteristics
• S6. Social life quality
• TOTAL 24 indicators, 55 measurements

P1. Activities for environment preservation P2.
Public information on environmental events P3.
Activities in non-governmental sector I1. Number
of residents I2. Area development index I3. Area
attractiveness index I4. Opinions of residents
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2011 University of Latvia, Department of
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Characteristics of coastal zone in Saulkrasti

• Coastal zone is the main geospatial factor
  impacting Saulkrasti municipality development,
  presenting the largest possibilities and
  simultaneously creating significant problems.
  Most of coastal problems have a legislative
  solution, but it does not solve the whole
  spectrum of problems.
• The key factor promoting entrepreneurship
  Skulte port. Relatively large impact of
  seasonality. Other entrepreneurship is not
  affected considerably by coastal presence, but
  has all the possibilities to use it to its
  advantage.
• The infrastructure of tourism is not closely
  integrated with the coastal zone. However, the
  close seashore and seasonality are the key
  factors impacting their activities. Only some
  objectives of tourism are principally and closely
  connected with the seashore.

COBWEB, Interreg IV A, the European Union
2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
61
Characteristics of coastal zone in Saulkrasti

• Clean-up and maintenance work is done in summer
  on the seashore, incl. environmentally friendly
  actions. Current problems seasonal littering in
  coastal dunes and other forest areas, mechanical
  loads (trampling down, etc.).
• Water supply and sewage networking area
  reconstruction and enlargement. High level of
  information to residents about it. Networking is
  insufficient and in a bad technical condition.
• The significancy of seashore and internal waters
  is neglected in the town's and municipality's
  symbolic representations. Opportunities afforded
  by the seashore, apart from some mass events at
  summer, are reflected in the cultural environment
  unsatisfactorily.

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2011 University of Latvia, Department of
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Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska
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ICZM in Saulkrasti municipality as good practice
case

• Identification of integrative problem areas as a
  significant stage in integrated planning process
• Possible to measure sustainability of coastal
  development processes with a corresponding system
  of indicators for the first time in national
  practice!
• Full planning cycle 4P supported
• Numerous possible demonstration projects as idea
  store
• ICZM approach model project as sample for other
  coastal zone municipalities

COBWEB, Interreg IV A, the European Union
2011 University of Latvia, Department of
Environmental Management R. Ernšteins, J.
Kaulinš, E. Lice, V. Antons, S. Kuršinska