Session IV Internet Governance : Ensuring Effective Public and Stakeholder Participation

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Session IV Internet Governance Ensuring
Effective Public and Stakeholder Participation
DAKAR 25 Janvier 2005
The Role of the Private Sector
Mouhamet Diop Chief Executive Officer NEXT
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Agenda

• The WSIS
• The Private Sector
• The Africa within the WSIS
• The African Private Sector
• Questions challenges
• The way to move forward

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The WSIS

• A World Summit for an Inclusive Information
  Society
• A Unique Tripartite party
• Civil Society
• Private Sector,
• Gouvernments
• And Intergouvernmental Institutions

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The Private Sector

• The International Chamber of Commerce (ICC)
• Coordinating Committee of Business Interlocutors
  (CCBI),
• The challenges
• investment
• creativity
• and innovation

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The WSIS declaration of principles and plan of
action

• 50 International Internet governance issues
  should be addressed in a coordinated manner.
• We ask the Secretary General of the United
  Nations to set up a working group on Internet
  governance, in an open and inclusive process that
  ensures a mechanism for the full and active
  participation of governments, the private sector
  and civil society from both developing and
  developed countries, involving relevant
  intergovernmental and international organizations
  and forums, to investigate and make proposals for
  action, as appropriate, on the governance of
  Internet by 2005.
• Action Plan
• 13 b) We ask the Secretary General of the United
  Nations to set up a working group on Internet
  governance, in an open and inclusive process that
  ensures a mechanism for the full and active
  participation of governments, the private sector
  and civil society from both developing and
  developed countries, involving relevant
  intergovernmental and international organizations
  and forums, to investigate and make proposals for
  action, as appropriate, on the governance of
  Internet by 2005.

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WGIG Mandate

• The group should, inter alia
• i) develop a working definition of Internet
  governance
• ii) identify the public policy issues that are
  relevant to Internet governance
• iii) develop a common understanding of the
  respective roles and responsibilities of
  governments, existing intergovernmental and
  international organizations and other forums as
  well as the private sector and civil society from
  both developing and developed countries
• iv) prepare a report on the results of this
  activity to be presented for consideration and
  appropriate action for the second phase of WSIS
  in Tunis in 2005.

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Internet Governance components

• According to the ICC, we can define three
  components
• i) the technical engineering function that allows
  different components of the Internet to interact
• ii) the technical coordination of the key
  protocols and addresses and names that underpin
  the technical functioning of the Internet,
  ICANNs functions, which in shorthand is simply,
  a sophisticated directory system that allows
  people to accurately contact a website or other
  people on the Internet.
• iii) the handling of public policy matters that
  should be discussed openly among governments,
  business and civil society.

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The four (4) Layers of the Internet Economy
Source Cisco
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The (5) layers of the Internet Gouvernance
Source Diplo
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(No Transcript)
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The technical coordination of the Internet

• - the development of Internet protocol (IP)
  standards
• - the administration, coordination and allocation
  of IP addresses
• - the delegation of domain names
• - the coordination of the root server system
• - the coordination of procedures related to the
  technical coordination of the Internet.
• The organizations involved in the technical
  coordination of the Internet depend on constant
  input from and interaction with relevant experts
  to keep the Internet and its related
• technologies developing in a robust and global
  manner, providing a platform for business-led
  innovation and communication for users from
  around the world.

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Several private-sector-led organizations ...

• They play a critical role in the technical
  coordination of the Internet, including technical
  security and stability, among them
• - the Internet Architecture Board (IAB)
• - the Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG)
• - the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)
• - the Regional Addressing Registries (e.g. RIPE,
  ARIN, APNIC,LANIC and AFRINIC)
• - the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)
• the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and
  Numbers (ICANN)

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Technical engineering

• IAB
• strategic technical direction of the Internet,
  including architectural oversight of Internet
  protocol and procedures, and standards
  development oversight and appeal of the IETF
  (described below)
• IESG
• manages IETFs activities and Internet standards
  process. It administers the IETF process by
  initiating working groups and either ratifying or
  remanding its output for further work.
• IETF
• Principal body that develops Internet standards
  specifications with its work,including ENUM,
  Instant messaging and internationalized domain
  names through a widely participatory process,
  open to all interested parties.
• W3C
• develops interoperable specifications,
  guidelines, software and tools to promote the
  evolution and interoperability of the World Wide
  Web
• .

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Coordination of the Internet names and numbers
system

• ICANN is responsible for coordinating and
  managing the domain name system, a key technical
  function that underpins the Internet, ensuring
  universal resolvability of Internet
  communications so that all users can find a valid
  Internet address.
• ICANNs responsibilities are limited to
• - the administration, coordination and allocation
  of IP addresses and domain names
• - the administration and coordination of the root
  server system4 - the coordination of
  relationships with other entities, such as the
  regional addressing registries and the ccTLD
  registries
• - promoting competition within generic top-level
  domain name space (.com, .org, .net, .biz, etc)
• - matters related to these functions such as a
  system for domain name dispute resolution.

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Public Policy Matters

• Public policy matters are, in general, the
  responsibility of governments.
• However, policy discussions must include the
  active participation of business and other
  stakeholders.
• A small sample of public policy matters related
  to the information society include
• intellectual property protection
• taxation
• privacy
• trade
• security
• consumer protection / empowerment
• education
• spam
• International cooperation and action
  International bodies (Ex WIPO, WTO, etc.).
• International coordination of national policy
  (OECD, UN ICT Task Force, APEC, UNECA and CITEL)

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the role of different stakeholders

• a) Areas for government action
• Promotion of competition - Removal of barriers
  to competition Trade liberalization Spectrum
  Allocation.
• b) Areas where market-forces should prevail
• Competitive marketplace for the trade of Goods
  and services offered
• Innovation and technological developments
• c) Areas where self-regulation, choice,
  individual empowerment and industryled solutions
  should prevail
• User confidence - information and network
  security, consumer empowerment, etc,
• Domain Names and other aspects of the technical
  coordination of the Internet
• d) Areas where joint government and private
  sector action is required
• Education and skills development.
• Digital divide/opportunities through
  private/public partnership,
• Culture of security, for information exchange,
  communication and commerce.
• Prevention and enforcement against cyber-crime.

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Fundamentals 2 events for the Summit

• What makes ICTs effective growth engines ?
• Champions of the Information Society Young
  Entrepreneurs, Innovators and Investors.

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Highlights - Applications

• Delivery of health care
• Provision of government services
• Encouragement of participatory democracies
• Provision of education and training,
• Change lives for the better.

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Conditions necessary for investment

• Intellectual property rights protection
• Stable and predictable legal systems
• Trade liberalization
• Technology neutrality
• and a regulatory framework which
• promotes competition
• and fosters entrepreneurship.
• Local conditions
• Promote National Private Sector
• Strenghten the decentralisation Model

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Some actors

• New Partnership for Africas Development (NEPAD),
• African Business Round Table (ABR),
• The Economic Community of West African States
  (ECOWAS) others
• World Bank Group.

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The African Private Sector

• The Bamako Bureau
• African Business Round Table (ABR)
• International Business Chamber of Commerce (IBCC)

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African actors .

• Actors
• Gouvernments institutions
• Private Sector
• Civil Society
• Institutions
• Afrinic
• AfTLDs
• AFNOG
• Africann
• AfriLANG
• UNECA
• Civil Society Caucus
• Media Networks
• African Union, African Business Round-table.

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Africa major concerns

• From the Industry perspective
• Competition choice
• Market openess
• Access to Internet Resources
• From the Government perspective
• Sectorial applications ??
• Education ?
• Health ?
• Policy process
• Relevant Content
• Terrorism and public offenses
• From the user perspective
• Privacy ?
• Protection of vulnerable persons ?
• Rights ?
• Relevant contents

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African constraints

• Democracy
• Telecom regulatory environment
• Participation
• Access constraint
• Literacy ?
• Cultural boundaries
• Cultural diversity vs harmonisation?
• Frontiers and artificial frontiers.

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Some of the various interest groups competing
for influence over the Domain Name and Addressing
systems
ITU (ITU-T)
WIPO
Consumers
NSI/ Verisign
ccTLD registries
OECD
US Military
Foreign Business
Universities
Registries
Registrars
ISPs
UNDP
IETF
IAB
Intellectual Property interests
FTC
Root Server Operators
Security Issues
NATO
US Business
Developing World Governments
Regional Internet Registries
Civil Society Groups
FCC
OECD governments
ETSI
W3C
Jon Postel / IANA