Palace of King Minos, Knossos

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Palace of King Minos, Knossos      

• Late 15th century B.C.

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Throne Room reliefs show griffins and lilies
symbol of royalty (modern reconstruction)
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Dolphin FriezeQueens Apartments
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Queens Bathroom
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Storage Jars(6 Feet Tall)
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Painted Stone Sarcophagus
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The Archaic Age

• 800-479 B.C

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All Greeks shared.

• Common language
• Heroic stories and folk tales
• Myths and religious practices
• Commercial and trading interests
• Common mythical parent - Hellen

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Innovations

• Political and social systems
• Art and architecture
• Literary genres
• Philosophy

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Political, Economic Social Structures

• Development of the polis
• Acropolis
• Agora
• Civic pride

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Political Change

• Oligarchies government by the few
• Resulted in exemplary leadership, civic idealism,
  cultural and artistic patronage
• Rise of middle class
• Tyrants

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Sparta vs. Athens

• Well-trained, tough, athletic
• Genuine oligarchy
• Social order
• Little artistic contribution

• Great artistic, intellectual and literary
  achievements
• Reform economy
• Solon
• Cleisthenese
• All had voice in government

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Role of WomenSparta vs. Athens

• Time outside
• Spoke freely with men
• Public education
• Own land

• Kept in seclusion
• Rarely spoke to husbands
• Respectability is the ideal
• No education
• Excluded from law

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Architecture
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Doric Style contemporary building (Custom House
NYC)
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Ionic Capital
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From University of Virginia Doric Columns
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Religion

• No separation of church and state
• Olympian Deities
• Anthropomorphic
• Chthonian Deities
• Relating to harvest
• Demeter
• Dionysus
• Muses

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Hellenic

• Persian Wars to the Death of Alexander the Great
• Balanced life Avoid extremes
• Artistic life flourished
• Classical
• Pre-eminent
• Sets standard against which all else is measured

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Apollo

• God of moderation
• Light
• Rational thought
• Ethical ideals
• Aesthetic balance

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Dionysus

• God of excess
• Drunken revelry
• Wine
• Meanads
• Satrys

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Alexander the Great
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Alexander the Great

• Dreamed of a world united under his name
• Founded Alexandria
• Conquered Asia Minor, Egypt, Mesopotamia, Persian
  Empire
• Established cities
• Centers of learning
• Spread Greek culture

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Pericles

• Popular leader and general
• Massive building projects

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C O R I N T H I A N
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Hellenistic

• 323-146 BC
• Death of Alexander the Great to Triumph of Rome
• Large metropolitan centers linked by commerce
• Eclectic

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Society

• Poleis replaced by kingdoms
• Ruler is divine
• Luxury Crafts
• Pronounced class divisions
• Cults promise immortality

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Art

• More emotional, theatrical view of culture
• Emotional/expressive content
• Playfulness
• Genre subjects
• Grandiose architecture

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