Competition is a test of an athletes physical and psychological skills

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Competition is a test of an athletes physical
and psychological skills

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How much time do you spend physically training?
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How much time do you spend psychologically
training?
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Few athletes develop psychological skills to the
extent they can.
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Athletes learn psychological skills through years
of trial and error.
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Psychological Skills Training Program (PST)
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OBJECTIVE OF PST

• 1. Help athlete perfrom up to capability
• 2. Enjoy sport participation more
• 3. Develop skills for other life situations

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Building Psychological Skills

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  Interpersonal Skills
• Goal Setting
• Attention Control
• Stress Management
• Cognition Control
• Imagery
• Physical Relaxation

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1. Athletes are made cognizant of the importance
of psychological factors in sport.
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2. The concept is introduced that these
psychological factors are skills that can be
learned.
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3. Introduce the range of psychological skills
and the degree to which they can be learned.
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4. Identify the specific psychological skills
which the athlete wants to develop.
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Psychological Skill

• 1. Emotional Control, with specific concern
  given to arousal regulation through the
  management of stress and anger.

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Psychological Skill

• 2. Attention control, which focuses on the
  ability to attend to the appropriate stimuli in
  the sport environment, the ability to shift
  attention and the ability to maintain attention.

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Psychological Skill

• 3. Self-confidence development and maintenance,
  which helps athletes to avoid becoming both under
  and over confident.

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Psychological Skill

• 4. Interpersonal skills or those abilities which
  permit athletes to interact effectively with
  other athletes and coaches.

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RelaxationImagery Concentration Better
Performance
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How does imagery work?
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Imagined stimuli and perceptual or real stimuli
have a qualitatively similar status in our
conscious mental life.David MarksJournal of
Mental Imagery
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Imagery Helps In

• 1. Setting Goals
• 2. Controling Emotions
• 3. Developing Self-awareness
• 4. Improving Concentration
• 5. Relieving Pain
• 6. Practicing Sport Skills
• 7. Practicing Strategy

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Preparing to Practice Imagery

• 1. Right Setting
• 2. Relaxed Attention
• 3. Motivation
• 4. Right Attitude

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Motor Imagery Guidelines

• 1. Image performance and positive outcome
• 2. Image vividly (emotions and all senses)
• 3. Use slow motion imagery for analysis
• 4. Use an internal focus

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Motor Imagery Guidelines

• 5. Follow images of incorrect performance with
  images of correct performance
• 6. Imagery strengthens the mental blueprint of
  well learned skills
• 7. Use triggers to strengthen imagery
• 8. Practice, practice, practice!

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Advantages of Motor Imagery

• 1. Efficient
• 2. Not Physically Fatiguing
• 3. Avoids Risk of Injury
• 4. Doesnt Require Facilities or Equipment
• 5. Provides a Break to the Monotony of Physical
  Practice

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Causes of Anxiety

• Uncertainty of Outcome
• Great Importance

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Two Responses to Stress

• Physical (somatic)
• Mental (cognitive)

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Physical Symptoms of Stress

• Increased heart rate
• Butterflies
• Muscle tension
• Cotton mouth
• Yawning
• Cold, clammy hands

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Mental Symptoms of Stress

• Negative self-talk
• Images of disaster
• Lack of concentration
• Feeling of being overwhelmed

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Realistic Positive Thinking
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Self-confidence is the conviction that you can
achieve the realistic goals you have set for
yourself with the full awareness of the effort
involved to achieve it.
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Self-doubt is a self-fufilling prophecy
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The most significant self-confidence is the
confidence in your ability to acquire
competencies.
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Sabres Won - Loss Percent for Imagery and
Nonimagery Games

• Winning for games with pregame imagery
  exercises (won 5 lost 4 tied 2 55)
• Winning for games without pregame imagery
  exercises (won 4 lost 13 tied 4 29)