Diamonds are Forever But the sparkle in your school may be wasted energy'

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Diamonds are ForeverBut the sparkle in your
school may be wasted energy.

• Its the Little Things Low-Cost /No-Cost

Southeastern Facility Masters Conference
November 18-20, 2008 Little Rock, Arkansas
Larry Schoff, PE Consultant to the US Department
of Energys EnergySmart Schools Program
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DOE EnergySmart Schools
Goals
Approach
Impact
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DOE EnergySmart Schools (cont.)

• New Construction and Major Renovations
• Primarily suburban districts and states with
  growing populations
• Opportunity Design in sustainability and
  high-performance from the outset
• Target At least 50 energy savings over ASHRAE
  standards
• Existing Buildings/Retrofits
• Primarily urban and rural districts, some driven
  by consolidations or need to upgrade aging
  infrastructures
• Target At least 30 energy savings

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Presentation Outline

• Observations
• How Schools are Typically Operated?
• Energy Management Best Practices
• Opportunities and Strategies
• Financing High Performance Schools
• Conclusion

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Observations (cont.)

• Hallway Lighting

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Observations (cont.)

• Lack of Sensors

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Observations (cont.)

• Over-Illumination

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Observations (cont.)

• Wrong Fixtures and Lamps

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Observations (cont.)

• Classroom Lighting

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Observations (cont.)

• Improper Use of Controls and Switches

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Observations (cont.)

• Blinds, Shades

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Observations (cont.)

• Plug Loads

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Observations (cont.)

• Phantom Loads

13 Watts
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Observations (cont.)

• Covered or Blocked Unit Ventilators

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Observations (cont.)

• Lack of Knowledge

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How Schools are Typically Operated

• Without knowledge of energy use and impact of
  individuals actions
• No uniform energy policy
• No approved Energy Management Plan
• Limited preventive maintenance
• Lack of total involvement of personnel
• All impact performance energy efficiency

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Energy Management Best Practices

• Utility Management need to know how much you
  use before you can determine how much you can
  save
• ENERGY STAR Portfolio Manager Baseline
• Review and approve utility bills
• Energy use audit of each facility
• Building occupancy profiles
• Building characteristic and systems

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Energy Management Best Practices (cont.)

• Understanding of EMCS System
• Develop and obtain approval of energy policy
• Develop an energy regulation
• Develop an energy management plan

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Energy Management Best Practices (cont.)

• Develop and obtain approval of an Energy Policy
  foundation for EMP
• Short document 3 or 4 short paragraphs
• Include a statement of purpose
• .. Provide leadership in developing a realistic
  energy ethic in the operations of our facilities
  . Success is the joint responsibility of
  governing body, administrators, teachers,
  students and all organization personnel and is
  based on their cooperation.
• Policy should include Superintendent is
  responsible to implement . and administrators
  will be evaluated on the success ..

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Energy Management Best Practices (cont.)

• Regulation to Implement Policy
• Regulations can state specifics about the
  operations of energy systems in your buildings
• Regulation can establish accountability
• Regulation can include the establishment of
  Energy Manager Position and a Energy Mgt Team
• Establishment of an incentive program
• Establishment of a reporting and evaluation system

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Energy Management Best Practices (cont.)

• Development of an EMP
• Statement of Purpose Guide the operation of the
  agency to achieve the highest standards in
  energy/water use/environmental and economic
  performance
• State goals X percent reduction in energy
  use for each facility by the FY 20xx 20yy..
• Can be in several areas including training and
  education
• Sets objectives to achieve each goal

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Opportunities and Strategies

• Commissioning of Building Systems
• Lighting
• Plug Loads
• Phantom Loads
• HVAC
• Energy Efficient Transformers
• Buildings as a Teaching Tool

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Opportunities and Strategies (cont.)

• Commissioning of Building Systems
• Re-Commissioning can provide an opportunity to
  tune-up your building
• Retro-Commission a building that has not been
  commissioned

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Opportunities and Strategies (cont.)

• Lighting
• Control hallway lights in segments with multiple
  switches
• Use sensors to automatically dim lights when
  natural light is present
• Install motion detectors with manual override to
  cut lights in unoccupied hallways and seldom-used
  rooms
• Use compact fluorescent light bulbs in storage
  closets
• Clean lamp lenses
• Upgrade lampsNew lamps produce more light so
  fewer are needed

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Opportunities and Strategies (cont.)

• Lighting
• Dont over-do classroom lighting
• Most designed over 70FC
• 50FC recommended
• Install separate switches for lights near windows
  and for lights near interior walls
• Install motion detectors to cut lights in unused
  classrooms
• Control top outlet of a duplex outlet with
  occupancy sensor
• Separate switches for task lights and room lights

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Opportunities and Strategies (cont.)

• Lighting
• Use fluorescent outdoor lights
• If school has security system turn off all
  interior lighting minutes after being set
• Exterior lighting (current) turn off completely
• Exterior lighting (new tech) sector/motion
• Potential energy savings 10-15

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Opportunities and Strategies (cont.)

• Plug Loads
• Educational devices or appliances plugged into a
  schools electrical systemUp to 25
• 120/208 volt electrical systems
• Examples in schools copiers, refrigerators, pop
  machines, microwaves
• Examples in the classroom computers, TVs, DVD
  players, tape players, boom box, radios, CD
  players, printers, scanners, copiers, fish tanks,
  mini-refrigerators, toasters, coffee pots, hot
  plates, overhead projectors, LCD projectors

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Opportunities and Strategies (cont.)

• Plug Loads
• Vending Machines
• Install vending misers on soft drink and snack
  machines
• Remove internal lighting
• 50 energy savings
• Computers
• Turn off computer monitors when not in use
• Install energy-saving screen savers
• Purchase new ENERGY STAR computers

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Opportunities and Strategies (cont.)

• Phantom Loads
• Also known as Stand-by Power and Leaking
  Power
• Phantom loads exist in equipment with electronic
  clocks or timers, with remote controls, portable
  equipment and equipment with wall cubes
• This equipment can consume energy from 3 to 25
  watts per hour when turned off
• Wall cubes big phantoms
• Up to 5

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Opportunities and Strategies (cont.)

• Phantom Loads
• Control plug and phantom loads by
• Conducting a plug load survey
• Education
• Energy awareness training
• Developing energy guidelines for plug loads
• Include fees for personal items
• Have teeth in the guidelines

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Opportunities and Strategies (cont.)

• HVAC Systems
• Install an energy-efficient HVAC system
• Size HVAC system appropriate to square footage
  and design
• Control outside air
• Control unit operation
• Conduct preventive maintenance
• Change filters
• Site heat producing equipment away from
  thermostats
• Dont block vents or use unit ventilators as
  shelves

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Opportunities and Strategies (cont.)

• Energy Efficient Transformers
• Currently, out of sight and out of mindToday a
  Dark Hole for Energy Inefficiency in all
  building types

Energy Being Lost Behind Closed Doors
Energy Efficient Transformers A Gold Mine for
efficiency and cost reductions
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Opportunities and Strategies (cont.)

• Energy Efficient Transformers
• A DOE study found that
• Aging infrastructure and lightly loaded
  transformers
• 60-80 Billion kWh losses annually
• 40 Million in commercial buildings
• Installing energy efficient transformers can save
  the equivalent of 9 days of electric power
  generation

Federal Register Part II Department of
Energy, EERE, 10 CFR Part 430, Energy
Conservation Program for Commercial and
Industrial Equipment Energy Conservation
Standards for Distribution Transformers, July 29,
2004.
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Opportunities and Strategies (cont.)

• Potential Energy Savings
• Use of lighting systems 30-40 of classroom
  lighting
• Lighting controls 10
• Type of lighting
• HVAC up to 20
• Plug loads 25 of current plug load
• Phantom loads 50 of up to 5

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Opportunities and Strategies (cont.)

• Buildings as a Teaching Tool
• Students, Administration, Community
• Increases energy awareness
• Have it interactive
• Twenhofel Middle School, KY
• Provides hands on experiences
• Translate technologies and building features to
  everyday life

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Principles of Financing Making a Business
Case Financing Options State, Federal and
Non-Profit Resources
Co-branded by ASBO Endorsed by NSBA
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Financing High-Performance Schools

• Principle 1. Determine Project Objectives
• Principle 2. Avoid Cream Skimming
• Principle 3. Identify All Cash Flows
• Principle 4. Focus on Life-Cycle Cost Analysis
• Principle 5. Select an Effective Cost-Benefit
  Mechanism
• Principle 6. Monitor and Verify Results

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Financing High-Performance Schools (cont.)
Principle 2. Avoid Cream Skimming

• Investing in relatively low-cost projects with
  quick paybacks undermines efforts to finance more
  capital-intensive efforts with significant
  long-term benefits that can leverage those
  short-term payback.

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Conclusion
In todays world, operation of educational
buildings should reflect not only the needs of
the district but also the needs and goals of the
Nation. Lets make High-Performance Buildings
leading to Net Zero Energy Schools one of our
goals in the 21st century.
Its Not Rocket Science
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• Webinar 1Top 10 No-Cost Ways to Lower Your
  Schools Utility Bills
• Webinar 2Top 10 Low-Cost Ways to Lower Your
  School's Utility Bills
• Webinar 3Top 10 Investments to Lower Your
  School's Utility Bills

Completed
December 3, 2008, 100 230 PM EST
January 21, 2009, 100 230 PM EST
Hosted by
Sponsored by
For more information Emily L. Knupp 202-552-1398
(direct) www.usgbc.og www.buildgreenschools.org
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Information, tools and resources
available at
www.energysmartschools.gov
Margo Appel Building Technologies Program U.S.
Department of Energy [phone] Margo.appel_at_ee
.doe.gov Larry Schoff Energy Efficient
Solutions [phone] lschoff_at_rev.net