World History

1
World History

• Chapter Five
• Section Three

2
The Rise of Christianity

• Christianity emerged during the Pax Romana
• One of many, then grew rapidly
• Made the official religion of Rome in 380s A.D
• Many religions in Rome - tolerated
• Cult of Isis offered women equal status with
  men
• Roman soldiers chose the cult of Mithras
  favored good over evil and life after death

3
Trouble in Judea

• By 63 B.C. Rome conquered Judea area of
  Palestine where most Jews lived
• Most Jewish people were willing to live under
  Roman control
• Zealots strong believers in faith did not
  want Rome ruling them
• Wanted the Jews to revolt and reestablish and
  independent Jewish state
• Some believed the messiah would soon arrive to
  save them from the Romans

4
Jewish Rebellion

• 66 A.D. Jews rebelled against the Romans
• Romans destroyed the rebellion, captured
  Jerusalem and destroyed the Jewish temple there
• Next century the Jews again rebelled and the
  Romans destroyed the city of Jerusalem
• Thousands killed, thousands enslaved, others
  scattered around

5

• Jesus Jewish man that proclaimed to be son of
  God
• Almost all info. About Jesus comes from the Bible
  Mathew, Mark, Luke, John
• Born in 4 B.C. in Bethlehem
• Descendent of King David of Israel
• Grew up in Nazareth and worshiped as a Jew
• He learned to be a carpenter from his father
• At age 30 began preaching by the Sea of Galilee
• Crowds gathered to hear him speak

6
Jesus

• Crowds heard of his healing powers, told stories
  with simple moral lessons
• Recruited 12 apostles a person sent forth to
  help him spread message
• Preached obedience to the law of Moses and
  believed in other Jewish prophets
• Many believed he was the awaited messiah
• Taught love, justice, morality, serve others
• Two major duties Love the Lord your God with all
  your heart and Love your neighbor as yourself

7
Condemned to Death

• Some Jews approved of Jesus other thought he was
  blasphemous and a trouble maker
• He was betrayed, arrested and sentenced to death
• Crucified nailed to a stake / cross and left to
  die
• Body missing, rumors of Jesus rising

8
Christianity
9
Christianity

• Apostles spread Jesus message after his death
• Some believed he was the Messiah and they became
  known as Christians
• Apostles and disciples began teaching all
  throughout the Roman empire
• Peter established Christianity in Rome itself
• Paul played the largest role in the spread of
  Christianity

10
Paul
11
Paul

• Never met Jesus persecuted Jesus followers
• Had a vision and joined the Christians and began
  preaching to the gentiles non-Jews
• Missionary that spread Christianity
• Traveled around the Mediterranean
• Set up churches in Asia Minor and Greece
• Believed those that followed Jesus teachings
  would achieve eternal life

12
Oppression

• At first tolerance was not extended to the
  Christians
• Thought to be disloyal to Rome because they would
  not honor the emperor or gods with sacrifices
• Met in secret to avoid persecutions and they were
  thought to be engaged in evil
• Persecution increased Nero used Christians as
  scapegoats for social or economic problems
• Christians were killed for beliefs martyrs
• Killed in the coliseum for entertainment

13
Christian Message

• Message appealed to poor and oppressed
• Promise of a better life
• Missionaries used the roads and protection of the
  Romans to carry out work
• Christianity finally accepted by Romans when
  Constantine issued the Edict of Milan
• Granted freedom for all people to worship how
  they wanted
• Theodosius made Christianity the official
  religion of Rome and repressed other faiths

14
Church

• Early Christian Church person had to be
  baptized to join
• Through baptism they were forgiven of their sins
• All considered equals and called each other
  brother and sister
• Women had a large role in the early church
  teachers and administrators
• Later on women were not allowed to do this

15
Clergy

• Only men could be clergy group of people who
  conduct Christian services
• Each church and clergy were grouped as a diocese
  had its own priest
• Over the priest was a bishop traced authority
  to the apostles and then to Jesus
• Gained power and control in Rome, Antioch,
  Alexandria, Jerusalem, Constantinople

16
Differences

• Split in church
• In the Latin west bishops of Rome became the
  Popes claimed authority over all bishops
• In the east, Constantinople, the other bishops
  felt they should all be equal
• Heresies beliefs different from the churches
  teachings church leaders met to discuss these
  and often disagreed