Overview of GA Target Fabrication And Injection Tasks

1
Overview of GA Target Fabrication And
Injection Tasks
Presented by Dan Goodin atHAPL Project
ReviewPleasanton, CaliforniaNovember 13-14,
2001
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TOPICS
Introduce the area of target fabrication and
injection Roadmap of ongoing activities Summarize
progress not covered elsewhere Introduce the next
GA speakers...

• GA/Schafer and LANL are part of a team addressing
  the issues of IFE target supply (LANL lead for
  fabrication GA lead for injection)

Exploiting our experience with ICF targets -
similar materials and processes
Target Supply Includes
Manufacture of Capsules
Filling with DT
Layering Process
Assembling Cryohandling
Injection and Tracking
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Overview of target types, processes, and ongoing
RD
Target Design
Foam shell microencapsulation Interfacial
polycondensation Sputter-coating
Rad. Preheat
Foam shell microencapsulation Interfacial
polycondensation or injection molding
Cryogenic fluidized bed or In-sabot
Gas-gun or Electromagnetic
Permeation
Empty Outer Foam
Microencapsulation or Coatings in a fluidized bed
Thick Capsule
Cryogenic fluidized bed or In-hohlraum
Permeation or liquid injection
Microencapsulation Foam Casting/Doping
Dist. Radiator
.... GA and LANL are part of a team addressing
the issues of IFE target supply
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Target Mass Production - accomplishments since
last project review (6/1/01)
600 Å Pd on CH shell

• High-Z Coatings (e.g., radiation preheat target)
• Prepared high-Z coatings of Pd and measured their
  reflectivity and permeation
• Prepared a number of Pd/Au alloys and
  characterized them
• Details in next presentation
• Began testing of methods to measure areal
  density of DVB foam shells using IR
• Abbas Nikroo will summarize in next talk

TMPT foam shell in IPA
ESH (hazardous, WDR)
Filling with DT
Seemingly simple component has multi-disciplinary
functions and requirements
Target Design (Z, smooth, uniform)
Fabrication (coating, cost)
High-Z Layer (Au/Pd?)
Layering (IR, Joule heating)
Injection (stable, reflective)
. Must eventually produce and characterize
500,000 targets/day at acceptable cost
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Target Mass Production - accomplishments (Cont.)

• Began classic chemical engineering approach to
  Target Fabrication Facility (TFF) design

The TFF is a chemical process plant
Alternate Process
Microencapsulation For Mandrels
PFDs
Baseline Process
Capsule Manufacture
Microencapsulation Int. Polycondensation Sputter
Coating
Fluidized Bed Ctg. -GDP -Solution
Mass-Bal. FSs
E-Bal. FSs
Prel. Equip. Types/Sizes
Permeation Cooldown DT Removal Transfer
Fluidization E by IR/RF Removal
Layering
Filling
Preliminary TFF Layout -Floor Space -Height
Reqs.

• Status
• Drafted PFDs for ?Encap.
• Initial flowsheets
• Evaluating closing specific cycles for industrial
  process

Sabot Loading Removal Recycle Prop. Gas
RR Tracking
Injection
Demonstrate a credible pathway to producing
500,000 per day at 0.25 each
IRE Support
.... This is appropriate time to initiate ChemE
cost studies
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Target Mass Production - accomplishments (Cont.)

• Basic concept use a more convenient surrogate
  to demonstrate proof of principle for fluidized
  bed layering
• Allows use of room temperature characterization
  equipment

IR LAMP
Before ?
1 ID Fluidized bed
After ?
Fluidized bed in water bath
Neopentyl alcohol
Oxalic acid
Filled thru hole and sealed

• Status
• Proof of principle done for fluidized bed
  layering -gt next step?

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Target Mass Production (Cont.)
OCTS/D2TS TYPE PERMEATION CELL
AIR--LOCK FOR LOADING
He
HELIUM/DT SEPARATION
BACK TO PRESSURIZATION SYSTEM

• Concept
• Monolayer type spiral Fl. Bed
• Uniform Temp.
• Allows IR/RF
• Continuous
• Deterministic

IR OR µWAVE INJECTION
DT
He
SABOTS

• Issues
• Real thermal analysis
• Layering time? (C. Halvorson)
• Static control
• Approach
• Start with small bed - static
• Take Cryo, batch process HD
• Mockup to demo handling
• Demo of continuous (modular)

TO INJECTOR REVOLVER
CAROUSEL FOR UNLOADING BED
SPIRAL CHANNEL OVER DIFFUSER
COOLER
.... We need an integrated approach to filling,
layering, handling, injection
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Target injection and tracking - accomplishments
since last project review (6/1/01)

• Target injection and tracking experimental system
  design
• Completed preliminary design package, held PDR
  meeting on July 27, 2001, and resolved comments
• Completed final design package (FDR meeting
  11/16/01)
• Electromagnetic Injector
• Evaluating as a backup to the gas-gun, potential
  advantages as production device (non-contacting,
  less wear)
• Completed structural design for Bldg. 22,
  injector site (GA funded)
• Target Material Property and Thermal Response
  Measurements
• With LANL (Jim Hoffer)

Ron Petzoldt will discuss experimental equipment
design, electromagnetic injector modeling, and
in-chamber tracking calculations this afternoon
Illustration of IFE Experimental Target Injection
and Tracking System in GAs Bldg. 22
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Some recent IFE target fabrication/injection
papers and publications

• Progress Toward Demonstrating IFE Target
  Fabrication and Injection, D. Goodin, et al.
  IFSA-2001 (Plenary Session Talk)
• Reducing the Costs of Targets for Inertial
  Fusion Energy, G. Besenbruch et al. IFSA-2001
• Target Injection and Fabrication Possibilities
  for Fast Ignitor IFE, R. Stephens, et al.
  IFSA-2001 (Invited Talk)
• Thermal Control Techniques for Improved DT
  Layering of Indirect Drive IFE Targets, J.
  Pulsifer et al. IFSA-2001
• Concepts for Fabrication of Inertial Fusion
  Energy Targets, Nobile, et al. Fusion
  Technology, Vol. 39, March 2001, 684.
• Developing Target Injection and Tracking for
  Inertial Fusion Energy Power Plants, Nuclear
  Fusion, V41, No. 5, May 2001, 527.
• Developing the Basis for Target Injection and
  Tracking in Inertial Fusion Energy Power Plants,
  Goodin et al. Accepted for publication in Fusion
  Engineering and Design.
• Design of an Inertial Fusion Energy Target
  Tracking and Position Prediction System,
  Petzoldt et al. Fusion Technology, Vol. 39, March
  2001, 678.

Target Fabrication

Target Injection
.... Contributions and collaborations with people
at GA, LANL, NRL, UCSD, LLNL, Schafer, SNL, and
ORNL
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Summary

• Prepared coatings of Pd and Pd/Au mixtures and
  characterized them
• Prepared PFDs and initial flowsheets for target
  fabrication
• Demonstrated proof of principle for fluidized bed
  layering and developed an integrated concept for
  handling
• Completed preliminary and final design of
  injector system

We encourage student involvement in the IFE
program - recent and current students
. Abbas Nikroo and Elizabeth Stephens will now
present the results of high-Z coating studies