Workshop on Phase 3 Reformulated Gasoline and the Predictive Model

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Workshop on Phase 3 Reformulated Gasoline and the
Predictive Model

• September 28, 1999
• Sacramento, CA

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Agenda

• Goals
• Test Program - Update
• EMFAC99 -vs- EMFAC7g - Progress Report
• Off-Cycle
• Off-Road
• CO Credit
• In-Use Fuel Properties for 1998
• Draft Specifications
• CaRBOB
• Other Presentations?
• Autos
• Oils
• Oxygenate
• Others
• Next Meeting

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Goals

• Provide Flexibility, for removing MTBE while
  preserving real-world benefits
• Obtain additional reductions that are technically
  and economically reasonable

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Advanced Technology Vehicles Test Program

• 5 Fuels
• Sulfur Levels - 5, 30 , 100
• Oxygen Levels - 0, 2, 3.5
• Update Technology Group 5 Coefficients
• Update on Progress

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Off-Cycle Adjustments

• Only one study compared two oxygen levels (2,
  3.5) on FTP and Rep05 - ARB Ethanol Test
  Program.
• Increase CO reduction
• Increase NOx increase

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Off-Road

• 4-Stroke and 2-Stroke
• Tend to Run Rich
• Oxygen tends to lean-out process
• Oxygen increases NOx
• No Catalytic Converter
• Implies NOx increase difficult to offset.
• No sulfur effect
• Uncontrolled for Evaporative Emissions
• Increased Emissions
• Emissions tend to have higher reactivities
• Increased toxics (benzene) emissions

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Off-Road

• Very thin on data on 2 to 3.5 oxygen
• 4 4-stroke engines
• 4 2-stroke engines
• Highly variable exhaust responses
• NOx 2.9 to 39.2
• CO -1.3 to -32.1
• HC 0.7 to -14.5
• EPA Off-road Diurnal Evaporative Emissions Model

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Off-Road

• No apparent benefit from off-road evaluation
• Diurnal emission increase larger than on-road
• Reactivity from SHED diurnal evaporative
  emissions test - 2.8
• Diurnal emissions reactivity larger than
  on-road
• Apparent NOx increase
• Work in progress.

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Carbon Monoxide Credit

• 3 Technology Groups
• 5 Studies - Auto/Oil 1, 4, 6, 17, and ARB Ethanol
  Study
• Only ARB Ethanol Study Directly Compared Fuels
• Off-cycle Emissions
• 5 Studies - ARB Ethanol, Auto/Oil, ATL Low
  Oxygen, and Colorado Study (???)
• U.S. EPA Draft Report - Fuel Oxygen Effects on
  Exhaust CO Emissions - MOBILE6
• Approximately 0.2 RVP Credit for increasing
  oxygen from 2 to 3.5

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Adjustments to CO Debit for Less than 2 Oxygen

• US EPA - Fuel Sulfur Effects on Exhaust
  Emissions.
• Unocal - Regression Equations (Phase 2 Staff
  Report).

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In-Use Fuels
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Goals

• Provide Flexibility, for removing MTBE while
  preserving real-world benefits
• Obtain additional reductions that are technically
  and economically reasonable

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Draft Specifications
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Draft Specifications
- No Change, NA - Not Applicable
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CaRBOB

• Tom Jennings, ARB Legal
• Others

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Presentations by Others?

• Autos
• Oils
• Oxygenates
• Others

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Next Business

• Other business
• Next Meeting
• Posting Next Beta Model on Website